to cut/mourn

Greek Verb

κόπτω [in LXX for כָּרַת, סָפַד, נָכָה hi, etc;] 1) to strike, smite. 2) to cut off: with accusative of thing(s), before ἀπό, Mat.21:8; ἐκ, Mrk.11:8. Mid, to beat one's breast with grief, to mourn, bewail: Mat.11:17 24:30; with accusative of person(s), Luk.8:52 23:27; before ἐπί, with accusative, Rev.1:7 18:9 (cf. ἀνα, ἀπο, ἐκ, ἐν, κατα, προ, προσ-κόπτω). SYN.: θρηνέω, q.v (AS)

to cut/mourn

Greek Verb

κόπτω, [Refs 8th c.BC+]: future κόψω [Refs 6th c.BC+]aorist ἔκοψα, Epic dialect κόψα [Refs 8th c.BC+]perfect κέκοφα (ἐκ-) [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Epic dialect participle κεκοπώς [Refs 8th c.BC+]:—middle, future κόψομαι [LXX]: aorist ἐκοψάμην [Refs 5th c.BC+] —passive, future κεκόψομαι (ἀπο-) [LXX+5th c.BC+]: aorist ἐκόπην [Refs 5th c.BC+]: perfect κέκομμαι [Refs 4th c.BC+]:— cut, strike, 1) smite, ο᾽ ἀμφὶ κάρη κεκοπὼς χερσὶ στιβαρῇσι [Refs 8th c.BC+] smote him on the cheek, [Refs 8th c.BC+] 2) smite with weapons, κόπτοντες δούρεσσι μετάφρενον [Refs 8th c.BC+]: metaphorically in passive, with play on words, αἰεὶ κόπτῃ ῥήμασι καὶ κοπίσιν [Refs] 3) smite, slaughter an animal with an axe or mallet, κόψας ἐξόπιθεν κεράων βοός [Refs 8th c.BC+] 4) cut off, chop off, κεφαλὴν ἀπὸ δειρῆς κόψεν [Refs 8th c.BC+]; κ. δένδρα cut down or fell trees, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. τὴν χώραν lay it waste, [Refs]:—in passive, of ships, to be shattered, disabled by the enemy, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸν ὕπνον ἁ φροντὶς κόπτοισα preventing, [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; [πνεῦμα] κοπτόμενον being suddenly stopped, arrested, [Refs 4th c.BC+] 5) strike, beat a horse, to make him go faster, κόψε δ᾽ Ὀδυσσεὺς τόξῳ [Refs 8th c.BC+]; also σκηπανίῳ Γαιήοχος ἀμφοτέρω (i.e. Αἴαντε) κεκοπὼς πλῆσεν μένεος [Refs] 6) hammer, forge, κόπτε δὲ δεσμούς [Refs 8th c.BC+]; later, stamp metal, i.e. coin money, κ. νόμισμα [Refs 6th c.BC+]:—middle, coin oneself money, order to be coined, κ. χρυσοῦ καὶ ἀργύρου νόμισμα [Refs]:—passive, of money, to be stamped or coined, [νομίσμασιν] μόνοις ὀρθῶς κοπεῖσι [Refs 5th c.BC+] 7) knock or rap at, τὴν θύραν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; without θύραν, οὗτος, τί κόπτει; [Refs 5th c.BC+] 8) pound, bray in a mortar, κυπἐρου κεκομμένου [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀσταφίδα κεκ. [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; ἔλαιον κεκ, i.e. pure oil, [LXX] 9) knock, dash about, τὸ ὕδωρ ὅταν κοπῇ [Refs 8th c.BC+] 10) of birds, peck, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὁ ἁλιάετος. τὰ λιμναῖα κ. preys on the lagoon life, [Refs]; σπειρὴν κ. peck at, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; of fish, gnaw, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; of a snake, strike, [Refs 8th c.BC+]:—passive, of wood or seeds, to be worm-eaten, [Refs 4th c.BC+] 10.b) munch, masticate, uncertain in [Refs 5th c.BC+] 11) ὁ ἵππος κ. τὸν ἀναβάτην jars his rider by his paces, [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive,[Refs 5th c.BC+] 12) κ. ὄνους dress, prepare mill-stones for use, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; set, sharpen, [Refs 3rd c.BC+]:—middle, [Refs 1st c.AD+] 13) metaphorically, tire out, weary, μήθ᾽ ὑμῖν ἐνοχλῶ μήτ᾽ ἐμαυτὸν κ. [Refs 4th c.BC+] P:—passive, to be worn out, κοπτόμενοι ἀεὶ ταῖς στρατείαις [Refs 4th c.BC+]. II) middle κόπτομαι, beat or strike oneself, beat one's breast or head through grief, κεφαλὴν δ᾽ ὅ γε κόψατο χερσίν [Refs 8th c.BC+]: perfect passive, [πόλις] κέκοπται [Refs 4th c.BC+]:—active with accusative cognate, ἐκοψα κομμὸν Ἄριον [Refs] II.2) κόπτεσθαί τινα mourn for any one, κόπτεσθ᾽ Ἄδωνιν [NT+5th c.BC+]. (Cf. Lithuanian kapóti, Lett. kapāt 'chop small', 'beat', 'stamp', Latin capo 'capon', perhaps σκέπαρνον.)

Greek

Verb

to "chop"; specially, to beat the breast in grief; cut down, lament, mourn, (be-)wail; a primary verb