ὥστε, as
adverb, bearing the same relation to ὡς as ὅστε to ὅς, and used by [
Refs 8th c.BC+] more frequently than ὡς in similes, when it is commonly written divisim, and is
relative to a
demonstrative ὥς: sometimes with
present Indic, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]: sometimes with
aorist, ὥς τε λέων ἐχάρη [
Refs]
subjunctive present or
aorist, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]: all three usages combined in one simile, with varied construction, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]:—the verb is sometimes omitted, λάμφ᾽ ὥς τε στεροπή [
Refs] is chiefly
Epic dialect [
Refs 5th c.BC+], but it occurs in [
Refs 7th c.BC+]
II) to mark the power or virtue by which one does a thing,
as being, inasmuch as, like{ἅτε}, τὸν δ᾽ ἐξήρπαξ᾽ Ἀφροδίτη ῥεῖα μάλ᾽, ὥ. θεός [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὥ. περὶ ψυχῆς
since it was for life, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
B) as
conjunction to express
the actual or
intended result of the action in the principal clause:
B.I) mostly with
infinitive,
so as or
for to do a thing, twice in [
Refs 8th c.BC+] if thy heart is eager
to return, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; οὐ τηλίκος, ὥ. σημάντορι πάντα πιθέσθαι not of such age
as to obey a master in all things, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὥ. ἀποπλησθῆναι (ἀποπλῆσαι codices) τὸν χρησμόν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; also in Trag. and
Attic dialect after demonstratives, οὔπω τοσοῦτον ἠπατημένος κυρῶ ὥστ᾽ ἄλλα χρῄζειν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; this
construction is found in cases where (as in [
Refs 8th c.BC+] seems superfluous; so after ἐθέλειν, Κύπρις. ἤθελ᾽ ὥ. γίγνεσθαι τόδε [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; after ἔστι, for ἔξεστι, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; after ψηφίζεσθαι, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; after ἐπαίρειν, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; after words implying request, δεηθέντες. ὥ. ψηφίσασθαι [
Refs]
B.I.2) after Comparatives with ἤ, when the possibility of the consequence is denied compare (ὡς [
Refs 5th c.BC+] woes too great for tears, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] is sometimes left out, νόσημα μεῖζον ἢ φέρειν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; similarly with the Posit, ψυχρὸν ὥ. λούσασθαι
too cold
to bathe in, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡμεῖς ἔτι νέοι ὥ. διελέσθαι
too young
to, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] too few. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.I.3) ὥστε. ἄν is used with
infinitive, of contingencies more or less improbable, οὕτως ἐκάετο ὥστε μήτε. ἄλλο τι ἢ γυμνοὶ ἀνέχεσθαι, ἥδιστά τε ἂν ἐς ὕσωρ ψυχρὸν σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ῥίπτειν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.I.4) sometimes implying
on condition that, like{ἐφ᾽ ᾧτε}, παραδοῦναι σφᾶς αὐτοὺς Ἀθηναίοις, ὥστε βουλεῦσαι ὅ τι ἂν ἐκείνοις δοκῇ [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.II) with Indic, to express the actual or possible result with emphasis, οὐκ οὕτω φρενοβλαβὴς ὁ Πρίαμος οὐδὲ οἱ ἄλλοι, ὥ. κινδυνεύειν ἐβούλοντο [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀσθενέες οὕτω, ὥ. διατετρανέεις [
Refs]; οὕτως ἀγνωμόνως ἔχετε, ὥ. ἐλπίζετε; are you so foolish
that you expect? [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; with ἄν and the
imperfect or
aorist implying a supposed case, ὥστ᾽, εἰ φρονῶν ἔπρασσον, οὐδ᾽ ἂν ὧδ᾽ ἐγιγνόμην κακός [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὥστε οὐκ ἂν ἔλαθεν αὐτόθεν ὁρμώμενος [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.II.2) at the beginning of a sentence, to mark a strong conclusion,
and so, therefore, ὥστ᾽. ὄλωλα καί σε προσδιαφθερῶ [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; before a question, ὥ. τίς ἂν ἀπετόλμησε; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.II.3) with
optative, with ἄν, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; after
optative in principal clause, [
Refs]
B.II.4) with
subjunctive,
in order that, in Thessalian dialect, τὸς ταμίας φροντίσαι οὕστε. γενειθεῖ τᾶ πόλι ἁ δόσις [
Refs]
B.III) with
participle, instead of
infinitive, after a
participle in the principal clause, τοσοῦτον ἁπάντων διενεγκόντες, ὥσθ᾽ ὑπὲρ Ἀργείων δυστυχησάντων Θηβαίοις. ἐπιτάττοντες κτλ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὕτω σφόδρα μισοῦντα τοῦτον, ὥστε πολὺ δὴ (ἂν Dobree) θᾶττον διαθέμενον κτλ. [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
B.IV) πόλεμος σκληρὸς ὥστε λίαν
extremely, [
LXX]
B.V) in later Greek, followed by Preps, Παρμένοντι κλειδὸς ὥ. ἐπὶ τὸ Διοσκούριον [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ξύλον ὥ. ἐπὶ τὴν ἅμαξαν [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; μόλυβδος ὥ. εἰς τὸ Κύνθιον [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; κριθῶν ὥ. εἰς τὰ κτήνη barley
for the animals, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ὥ. εἰς ξένια φοίνικας [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
B.V.b) with
dative,
for, χρεία αὐτοῦ ἐστὶν ὥ. Πισικλεῖ it is needed
for P, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ὥ. τοῖς χησίν [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]