φίλος, η, ον, also ος, ον [
Refs 8th c.BC+] with ῑ at the beginning of a verse, see below].
I)
passive,
beloved, dear, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; frequently with
dative,
dear to one, μάλα οἱ φ. ἦεν [
Refs]; with
neuter nouns, φίλε τέκνον [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; also φίλος for φίλε (
Attic dialect,
accusative to [
Refs 8th c.BC+]:
genitive added to the
vocative, φίλ᾽ ἀνδρῶν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
substantive:
I.a) φίλος, ὁ,
friend, κουρίδιος φίλος, i.e. husband, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; φίλοι
friends, kith and kin, νόσφιφίλων [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; φ. μέγιστος my greatest
friend, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; φίλοι οἱ ἐγγυτάτω, οἱ ἔγγιστα, [
Refs 8th c.BC+] frequently with a
genitive, ὁ Διὸς φίλος [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; τοὺς ἐμαυτοῦ φ, τοὺς τούτων φ, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τῶν ἐμε̄ν φ.[
Refs 5th c.BC+]
a friend is another self, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; also of
friends or
allies, opposed to πολέμιοι, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; of
a lover, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; φίλε
my friend, as a form of courteous address, [
NT]; in relation to things, οἱ μουσικῆς φ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.b) φίλη, ἡ,
dear one, friend, κλῦτε, φίλαι [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; of a
wife, φίλην τινὰ ἄγεσθαι take as one's
wife, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἡ Ξέρξου φ, of his
mother, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; of a
mistress, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.c) φίλον, τό,
an object of love, τὸ φ. σέβεσθαι to reverence
what the city
loves, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: addressed to persons,
darling, φ. ἐμόν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ φίλτατα
one's nearest and dearest, dear ones, such as wife and children, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: see at {φίλτατο; τἀμὰ φίλα, τὰ σὰ φ}, [
Refs]
I.d) οἱ πρῶτοι φίλοι, a title at the Ptolemaic court, [
Refs 2nd c.BC+], etc; or simply οἱ φ. τοῦ βασιλέως [
Refs] one of the king's
friends and dioecetes, [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]
I.2) of things,
pleasant, welcome, δόσις ὀλίγη τε φ. τε [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; δαίμοσιν πράσσειν φίλα their
pleasure, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
I.2.b) frequently as
predicate, φίλον ἐστί or γίγνεταί μοι
pleases me, it is
after my own
heart, εἴ πού τοι φίλον ἐστί [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; μὴ φ. Διὶ πατρὶ γένοιτο[
Refs 8th c.BC+]: less frequently with
infinitive, οὐ μὲν Τυδέϊ γ᾽ ὧδε φίλον πτωσκαζέμεν [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
participle, εἰ τόδ᾽ αὐτῷ φιλον κεκλημένῳ if it
please him to be so called, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]: agreeing with
plural, αἰεί τοι τὰ κάκ᾽ ἐστὶ φίλα φρεσὶ μαντεύεσθαι [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
I.2.c) in [
Refs 8th c.BC+] and early Poets,
one's own; frequently of limbs, life, etc, φίλον δ᾽ ἐξαίνυτο θυμόν he took away
dear life, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; especially of one's nearest kin, πατὴρ φ. [
Refs 8th c.BC+] angry with
his own mother, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]: simply to denote possession, φίλα εἵματα [
Refs]; φ. πόνος
their wonted labour, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
I.2.d) applied to the numbers [
Refs 4th c.AD+]
II) less frequently (chiefly
poetry) in
active sense,
loving, friendly, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
friendly to strangers, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: of things,
kindly, pleasing, φίλα φρεσὶ μήδεα εἰδώς [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; φίλα φρονέειν τινί feel
kindly, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; φ. ποιέεσθαί τινι deal with one in
friendly fashion, do one a
pleasure, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2)
fond of a thing,
attached to, ἄλλων νόμων [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
III)
adverb φίλως, once in [
Refs 8th c.BC+] ye would
fain see it, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; φ. ἐμοί
in a manner dear or
pleasing to me, [
Refs]
III.2)
in a friendly, kindly spirit, τήνδε τὴν πόλιν φ. εἰπών [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
IV) φίλος has several forms of comparison:
IV.1)
comparative φιλίων [λῐ], ον,
genitive ονος, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]:
superlative φίλιστος, η, ον, interpolated in [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
IV.2)
comparative φίλτερος,
superlative φίλτατος, see entry.
IV.3)
comparative φιλαίτερος [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
superlative φιλαίτατος [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
IV.4) regular
comparative φιλώτερος [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
IV.5) also as
comparative, μᾶλλον φίλος [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
superlative, μάλιστα φ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]