πλήν,
Doric dialectand
Aeolic dialect πλάν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
preposition with
genitive,
except, save, πάντων Φαιήκων πλήν γ᾽ αὐτοῦ Λαοδάμαντος [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὑπεγγύους π. θανάτου liable to any punishment
short of death, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπιτρέψαι περὶ σφῶν αὐτῶν π. θανάτου
save in respect of death, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; σκυλεύειν τοὺς τελευτήσαντας π. ὅπλων of anything
save their arms, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; διαρπάσαι. ἐπέτρεψε πλὴν ἀνδραπόδων to carry off all plunder
save slaves, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
2) later,
besides, in addition to, [
LXX]
B)
conjunction:
B.I) with single words and phrases, especially when a
negative precedes, οὐκ ἆρ᾽ Ἀχαιοῖς ἄνδρες εἰσὶ π. ὅδ; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: after a question implying a
negative, τί σοι πέπρακται π.τεύχειν κακ; [
Refs 5th c.BC+] is sometimes omitted, θνῄσκουσι [πάντες] π. εἷς τις [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: after a
comparative, ταῦτ᾽ ἐστὶ κρείσσω π. ὑπ᾽ Ἀργείοις πεσεῖν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: after a
superlative, τὸ μέγιστον εἴργται π. αἱ τάξεις τοῦ φόρου [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.II) frequently joined with other Particles:
B.II.1) π. εἰ, π. ἐάν, ὅταν,
B.II.1.a) followed by a Verb, π. εἴ τις κωμῳδοποιὸς τυγχάνει ὤν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.II.1.b) with Verb omitted, οὐδεὶς οἶδεν, π. εἴ τις ἄρ᾽ ὄρνις [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. εἰ μή, after a
negative, οὐδὲν προσδεησόμεθα, π. εἰ μὴ πάρεργόν τι [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.II.2) πλὴν ἤ (where ἤ adds nothing to the sense; πλὴν εἰ is a common variant), οὐκ ἄλλῳ π. ἢ Προδίκῳ [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; also οὐ τὸν ἄνθρωπον ὑγιάζει π. ἀλλ᾽ ἢ. [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
B.II.3) π. οὐ
only not, πάντες προσδέχονται, π. οὐχ οἱ τύραννοι [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.II.4) π. ὅτι
except that,
save that, καίτοι τί διαφέρουσιν ἡμῶν ἐκεῖνοι, π. ὅτι ψηφίσματ᾽ οὐ γράφουσι; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; πλήν γε ὅτι, πλήν γε δὴ ὅτι, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; after ὁμοίως, τὰ αὐτά, [
Refs 1st c.AD+]
B.II.5) π. ὅσον
except or
save so far as, παρήκουσι παρὰ πᾶσαν [τὴν Λιβύην], π. ὅσον Ἕλληνες. ἔχουσι [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.II.5.b) without a Verb, πάντων ἐρήμους, π. ὅσον τὸ σὸν μέρος
save so far as thou art concerned, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοὺς πολλοὺς ἀπέκτειναν π. ὅσον ἐκ τριῶν νεῶν οὓς ἐζώγρησαν
except only, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.III) introducing a clause, mostly preceded by οὐδείς, πᾶς, ἄλλος,
save that, νῦν δ᾽ οὐδεμία πάρεστιν, π. ἥ γ᾽ ἐμὴ κωμῆτις ἥδ᾽ ἐξέρχεται [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: without any such word preceding,
only, albeit, ἀπέπεμπε κήρυκας ἐς τὴν Ἑλλάδα, π. οὔτε ἐς Ἀθήνας οὔτε ἐς Λακεδαίμονα ἀπέπεμπε [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.III.2) to break off and pass to another subject,
only, however, π. γνώριζε ἄτοπος ὤν [
NT+3rd c.BC+]: in late Prose, π. ἀλλά [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
B.III.3) simply for δέ,
but, πολλὴν στρατιὰν ἀθροίσας, π. ἄπειρον μάχης [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]