ὑπερβολ-ή, ἡ, (ὑπερβάλλω)
a throwing beyond others, δίσκων ὑπερβολαῖς [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]: in
intransitive sense,
altitude of a star, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
2)
overshooting, superiority, χερῶν ὑπερβολαῖς [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
3)
excess, τοῦ μεγέθεος [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; opposed to ἔλλειψις or ἔνδεια, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὑπερβολὴν τῆς ἐπιθυμίας ἔχειν with
accusative et
infinitive, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] at an
extravagant price, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπέφερον τὴν ὑ. τοῦ καινοῦσθαι pushed on their
extravagance in revolutionizing, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐκ ἔχον ἐστὶν ὑπερβολήν it can go no further, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; so οὐδεμίαν or μηδεμίαν ὑ. λείπειν, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; εἴ τις ὑ. τούτου if there is
aught beyond (worse than) this, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ταῦτ᾽ οὐχ ὑ; is not this
the extreme, the last degree? [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὑπερβολὴν ποιήσομαι I will put
an extreme case, [
Refs]; τοσαύτην ὑ. ποιεῖσθαι ὥστε. to go so
far that, [
Refs] to carry his own rascality
beyond theirs, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὑ. ποιεῖν τῆς τιμῆς to
raise the price, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὑ. ἀνοίας ἔχειν Polystr.p.27 W.
4) with
preposition in Adverbial phrases, ={ὑπερβαλλόντως}, εἰς ὑπερβολήν
in excess, exceedingly; εἰς ὑ. ἄμεινον [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
far beyond, τοῦ πρόσθεν εἰς ὑ. πανοῦργος, i. e.
far more wicked, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] —καθ᾽ ὑπερβολὰν τοξεύσας
with surpassing aim, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
extravagantly, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ καθ᾽ ὑ. ἐν ἐνδείᾳ ὄντες in
extremity of need, [
NT+4th c.BC+]:—so in
dative, εὐτελὴς ὑπερβολῇ [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
5)
preeminence, perfection, without any notion of excess, δι᾽ ἀρετῆς ὑπερβολήν [
Refs]; ἡ ὑ. τῆς φιλίας
the best and noblest kind of friendship, [
Refs]; but ἡ καθ᾽ ὑ. φιλία, ={ἡ καθ᾽ ὑπεροχήν}, [
Refs]
6)
overstrained phrase, hyperbole, ὑπερβολὰς εἰπεῖν [
Refs 5th c.BC+] make
strong statements, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; as a figure of speech, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
7) τὸ καθ᾽ ὑπερβολήν
the superlative degree, in Adjectives, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; τιθέναι ὑπερβολῇ[
Refs]
8)
overbid at auction, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
II)
crossing over, passage of mountains, etc, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2) in
singular or
plural,
place of passage, mountain-pass, with or without τοῦ ὄρους, τῶν ὀρέων, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὑ. τοῦ Ταύρου Wilcken [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; αἱ τῶν Ἄλπεων ὑ. [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]
III) (from
middle)
delay, τοῦ κακοῦ [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
IV) the conic section called
hyperbola, because the square of the ordinate is equal to a rectangle with height equal to the abscissa applied to the parameter (as base) but
exceeding (ὑπερβάλλον), i. e. overlapping, that base, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]