τύραννος [ῠ], ὁ, also ἡ (see. below 1.2),
an absolute ruler, unlimited by law or constitution, first in [
Refs], where it is used of a god, Ἆρες. ἀντιβίοισι τύρανν; so ὁ τῶν θεῶν τ, of Zeus, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὦ τύραννε τᾶς ἐμᾶς φρενός, i.e. Apollo, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; Μὴν Τύραννος, a Phrygian deity worshipped in Attica, [
Refs 1st c.AD+]; οὔ, τὴν τ. (perhaps Hera), in an oath, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]: first used of
monarchs in the time of [
Refs 7th c.BC+]; interchangeable with βασιλεύς in [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; later,
chief, princeling, [
Refs 1st c.BC+]; τ. ἴδιοι καθ᾽ ἕκαστον ἐμτπόριον [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; Κλεισθένης ὁ Σικυῶνος τ, Ἱστιαῖος ὁ Μιλήτου τ, etc, [
Refs]; ὁ τῶν Κυπρίων τ. [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]; οἱ τ, of the Sicilian
tyrants, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; of the Pisistratidae, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ τ. the
monarchical party, προδιδοὺς τοῖς τ. τὴμ πόλιν τὴν Ἐρυθραίων [
Refs]: frequently in a bad sense, δημοφάγος τ. [
Refs 6th c.BC+]
2) in a wider sense, of
members of the ruler's family, οἱ τ. 'the royal house', [
Refs 2nd c.AD+] is used both of
the queen herself and
the king's daughter, princess, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; πρέπει γὰρ ὡς τ. εἰσορᾶν, of Clytemnestra, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
3)
metaphorically, ἵνα Δίκη τ. ᾖ that Justice may be
supreme, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
4)
golden-crested wren, Regulus cristatus, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
II) τύραννος, ον, as
adjective,
kingly, royal, τύραννα σκῆπτρα [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τύραννα δρᾶν to act
as a king, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τύραννον δῶμα
the king's palace, [
Refs]; τ. δόμος the
royal house, [
Refs]; ἐς τύρανν᾽ ἐγημάμην into
the royal house, [
Refs]
II.2)
imperious, despotic, τ. πόλις [
Refs 5th c.BC+]