περιβάλλω,
future -βᾰλῶ:
aorist περιέβᾰλον (see. below):—
throw round, about, or
over, put on or
over, with
accusative of things, φίλας περὶ χεῖρε βαλόντε [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. τινὶ δεσμά, βρόχους, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τινὰ χαλκεύματι
put him
round the sword, i. e. stab him, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; also περὶ τὰ στέρνα θώρηκας π. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; περὶ ἕρμα π. ναῦν
wreck it
on, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:—
middle,
throw round or
over oneself, put on, with
accusative of things, περιβαλλόμενοι τεύχεα
putting on their arms, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; εἷμα, φᾶρος περιβάλλεσθαι, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; frequently of defences, τεῖχος καὶ σωτηρίην περιβαλέσθαι τοῖς τε χρήμασι καὶ τοῖς σώμασιν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; λιμένι τεῖχος, χάρακα τῇ παρεμβολῇ, [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]; also περὶ τὴν Πελοπόννησον τεῖχος π. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
build a wall
round it, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: in
perfect passive,
have a thing
put round one, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ τεῖχος περιβεβλημένος
having his wall
around him,
encompassed by it, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
2)
metaphorically,
put round or
upon a person, i. e.
invest him
with it, π. τινὶ ἀγαθόν (i. e. βασιληΐην), τυραννίδα, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τινὶ π. ἀνανδρίαν, i.e. make him faint-hearted, [
Refs]; π. τὴν αἰτίαν τῷ ἰατρῷ
impute blame to, [
Refs] C:—
passive, with
accusative,
to be involved in, μεγίστην ζημίαν τὸ ταμεῖον περιβληθήσεται [
Refs 3rd c.AD+]
II) reversely with
dative of things,
surround, encompass with, περιβαλεῖν πλῆθος τῶν ἰχθύων (i.e. τῷ ἀμφιβλήστρῳ) [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; [Βόσπορον] πέδαις π. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τινὰ χερσί embrace, [
Refs]:—
middle,
surround or
enclose for one's advantage or
defence, τὴν νῆσον π. τείχει [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. θύννους
net them, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
II.2)
metaphorically, π. τινὰ κακῷ, συμφοραῖς,
involve one in evil or calamity, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τινὰ φυγῇ, i.e. banish him, [
Refs 1st c.AD+] —
passive, [συμφοραῖς] [
Refs 1st c.BC+]
III) with
accusative only,
encompass, surround, περιβάλλει με σκότος, νέφος, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἀλλήλους
embrace each other, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; also,
clothe, τινα [
NT]; τὸ περιβεβλημένον
the space enclosed, enclosure, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] —
middle, ἤλαυνον περιβαλόμενοι [τὰ ὑποζύγια]
surrounding them, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
III.2)
fetch a compass round, double, ἵπποι περὶ τέρμα βαλοῦσαι [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; especially of ships,
round a cape, π. τὸν Ἄθων [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
absolutely, of a hare,
double, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
III.3)
amplify, expand, λόγον [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
IV)
middle,
bring into one's power, compass, ἰδίῃ π. ἑωυτῷ κέρδεα [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; σωφροσύνης δόξαν π. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
perfect passive,
to have come into possession of, πόλιν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
IV.2)
appropriate mentally, comprehend, περιβάλλεσθαι τῇ διανοίᾳ τὰς πράξεις [
Refs]; πολλὰ περιβεβλῆσθαι πράγματα
to have aimed at learning many things, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; logically, ξύμπαντα τὰ οἰκεῖα. γένους τινὸς οὐσίᾳ π.
embrace, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
IV.3)
use circumlocution, κομψῶς κύκλῳ π. [
Refs]
V)
throw beyond, beat in throwing: hence generally,
excel, surpass, μνηστῆρας δώροισι [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. ἀρετῇ
to be superior in, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
VI) π. τὸ λουτρόν
take a bath, [
Refs 3rd c.AD+]