Éxodo 22
1 Si un hombre toma sin derecho el buey de otro hombre o sus ovejas, y lo mata o lo vende, él dará cinco bueyes por un buey, o cuatro ovejas por oveja.
Yahweh also said, “If someone steals a bull or a sheep, and then slaughters it [to sell it or to sacrifice it] or sells its [meat to someone else], he must pay five bulls for the bull [that he stole], and [he must pay] four sheep for the sheep [that he stole].
2 Si un ladrón es tomado en el acto de ingresar a una casa, y su muerte es causada por un golpe, el dueño de la casa no es responsable de su sangre.
If a thief is caught while he is breaking into someone else’s house [at night], if [the one who catches him] kills the thief, he is not guilty of murdering him.
3 Pero si es después del amanecer, él será el responsable. Él que robó tendrá que restituir lo que se robó, y si no tiene con qué pagar; él mismo será vendido para pagar lo robado.
But if that happens during the daytime, [the one who killed the thief] is guilty of murdering him. The thief must pay for what he stole. If he has no [animals with which to pay for the one that he stole], he must be sold to [become someone’s else’s slave and the money must be used] to pay for what he stole.
4 Si todavía tiene lo que había tomado, sea lo que sea, buey o asno u oveja, debe dar el doble de su valor.
If the thief still has the animal when he is caught, whether it is a bull or a donkey or a sheep, and it is still alive, the thief must give back [the stolen animal as well as giving] two [additional] animals for each one that he stole.
5 Si un hombre permite que sus animales pasten en un campo o en un huerto de vid, y sus animales dañan el campo de otro hombre, debe dar lo mejor de su campo o su huerta para compensarlo.
If someone allows his animals to (graze/eat the grass) in his field or in his vineyard, and if they stray away and eat the crops in another person’s field, the owner of the animals must pay [the owner of those crops] by giving him the best crops from his own field or vineyard.
6 Si hay un fuego y las llamas llegan a las espinas en el borde del campo, causando la destrucción del grano cortado o del grano vivo, o del campo, el que hizo el fuego tendrá que compensar el daño.
Suppose someone starts a fire in his own field, and the fire spreads through the grass and starts burning in someone else’s field, and the fire burns grain that is growing or grain that is already [cut and] stacked. Then the person who started the fire must pay completely for the damage.
7 Si un hombre pone dinero o bienes al cuidado de su prójimo para que los guarde, y se los roban de la casa del hombre, si atrapan al ladrón, tendrá que pagar el doble del valor.
Suppose someone gives to another person some money or other valuable goods and asks him to guard them [in his house for a while]. If those things are stolen from that person’s house, if the thief is caught, he must pay back twice [as much as he stole].
8 Si no atraparon al ladrón, el dueño de la casa vendrá ante los jueces y prestará juramento de que no ha puesto la mano sobre los bienes de su prójimo.
But if the thief is not caught, the owner of the house [from which the things were stolen] must stand before the judges, so that the judges can determine whether [the owner of the house] was the one who took the other man’s goods [and sold them to someone else].
9 En cualquier pregunta acerca de un buey o un asno o una oveja o ropa, o acerca de la pérdida de cualquier propiedad que cualquiera diga que es suya, permitan que las dos partes pongan su causa delante de los jueces; y el que resulte culpable ese hace el pago a su vecino del doble del valor.
If two people argue about which one of them owns a bull or a donkey or a sheep or some clothing, or something else that has been lost, the two people who each claim/say that the item belongs to them must stand before the judges. The one whom the judges declare is lying must pay back [to the real owner] twice as many bulls or donkeys or sheep or pieces of clothing.
10 Si un hombre pone un asno, un buey, una oveja o una bestia en custodia de su prójimo, y llega a la muerte o es dañado o se lo llevan, sin que nadie lo vea:
Suppose someone gives his donkey or bull or sheep or some other animal to someone else and asks him to take care of it [for a while], and the animal dies or is injured or is stolen while no one is watching.
11 Si hace su juramento delante del Señor, que no ha puesto su mano en los bienes de su prójimo, el dueño debe cumplir su palabra y no tendrá que pagar por ello.
Then the person [who was taking care of the animal] must (swear/solemnly declare), knowing that God is listening, that he did not steal the animal. If he did not steal it the owner of the animal must accept/believe that the other person is telling the truth, and the other person will not have to pay anything back to the owner.
12 Pero si se lo quita un ladrón, debe compensar la pérdida de él con su dueño.
But if the animal was stolen [while he was supposed to be taking care of it], the man who promised to take care of it must pay back the owner for the animal.
13 Pero si ha sido dañado por una bestia, y él puede aclarar esto, no tendrá que pagar por lo que fue dañado.
If [he says that] the animal was killed by wild animals, he must bring back the remains of the animal that was killed and show it to the animal’s owner. If he does that, he will not have to pay anything for the animal.
14 Si un hombre obtiene de su vecino el uso de una de sus bestias, y se daña o muere cuando el propietario no está con ella, sin duda tendrá que pagar por la pérdida.
If someone borrows an animal, and if that animal is hurt or dies when its owner is not there, the one who borrowed it must pay the owner for the animal.
15 Si el propietario estaba presente, no tendrá que hacer el pago: si dio dinero por el uso de la misma, la pérdida está cubierta por el pago.
But if that happens when the owner of the animal is there, the one who borrowed it will not have to pay back anything. If the man who borrowed it only rented it, the money that he paid to rent it will be enough to pay for the animal [dying or being injured].”
16 Si un hombre toma una virgen, que no le ha dado su palabra a otro hombre, y tiene relaciones con ella, él tendrá que dar un precio de la novia para que ella sea su esposa.
“If a man persuades a girl/woman to have sex with him, a girl/woman who (is a virgin/has never had sex with any man) and who is not engaged to be married, he must pay the bride price for her and marry her.
17 Si su padre no se la entrega a él como esposa, tendrá que dar el pago regular para las vírgenes.
But if her father refuses to allow her to marry him, he must pay to the woman’s father the amount of money that is equal to the amount of bride price money that men pay for virgins.
18 Cualquier mujer hechicera será ejecutada.
You must execute any woman who (practices sorcery/is a shaman).
19 Todo hombre que tenga relaciones sexuales con una bestia será condenado a muerte.
You must execute any person who has sex with an animal.
20 La destrucción total vendrá sobre cualquier hombre que haga ofrendas a cualquier otro dios que no sea el Señor.
You [must offer sacrifices] only to Yahweh. You must execute anyone who offers a sacrifice to any [other] god.
21 No hagas mal a un hombre de un país extraño, y no seas duro con él; porque ustedes mismos estaban viviendo en un país extraño, en la tierra de Egipto.
You must not mistreat a foreigner [who comes to live among you]. Do not forget that you were previously foreigners in Egypt.
22 No le hagas mal a una viuda, ni a un niño huérfano.
You must not mistreat any widow or any orphan.
23 Si eres cruel con ellos de alguna manera, y su clamor viene a mí, ciertamente voy a prestar oído;
If you mistreat them and they cry out to me [for help], I will hear them.
24 En el calor de mi ira te mataré a espada, y tus esposas serán viudas y tus hijos huérfanos.
And I will be angry with you, and I will cause you to be killed in a war [MTY]. Your wives will become widows, and your children will no longer have fathers.
25 Si permites que cualquiera de los pobres entre mi gente use tu dinero, no seas un acreedor duro para él y no le impondrás intereses.
If you lend money to any of my people who are poor, do not act like a moneylender and require him to pay interest on the money.
26 Si esa persona te da su ropa como garantía, se la devolverás antes de que se ponga el sol:
If he gives you his cloak to guarantee [that he will pay the money back], you must give the cloak back to him before the sun goes down,
27 Porque es lo único que tiene para cubrir su piel; ¿en qué se va a dormir? y cuando su clamor llegue a mí, lo escucharé, porque mi misericordia es grande.
because he needs it to keep him warm [during the night]. (That is the only covering that poor people have when they sleep at night./What else will he cover himself with during the night?) [RHQ] [If you do not act mercifully toward him by returning his cloak], when he cries out to me asking for my help, I will help him, because I [always act] mercifully.
28 No puedes decir mal de los jueces, ni maldecir al gobernante de tu pueblo.
Do not (revile/speak evil about) me, and do not (curse/ask me to do harmful things to) any ruler of your people.
29 No tardes de traer tus ofrendas de la riqueza de tu grano y tus viñedos. El primero de tus hijos debes darme.
(Do not withhold from/Give) me the best parts of the grain that you harvest and of the olive oil and the wine that you produce.
30 De la misma manera con tus bueyes y tus ovejas: durante siete días estará con su madre; en el octavo día dámelo.
You must dedicate your firstborn sons to me. Similarly, your firstborn [male] cattle and sheep belong to me. After those animals are born, allow them to stay with their mothers for seven days. On the eighth day, offer them to me [as a sacrifice].
31 Serán para mí hombres santos; la carne de ningún animal, cuya muerte haya sido causada por las bestias del campo, se puede usar para su alimento; es para ser dado a los perros.
You are people who are (completely dedicated to/set apart for) me. [And I detest] the meat of any animal that has been killed by wild animals. Therefore you should not eat such meat. Instead, throw it where the dogs [can eat it].”
