Salmos 78
1 Un salmo (masquil) de Asaf. Escucha, pueblo mío, lo que tengo para enseñarte. Escucha lo que vengo a decirte.
My friends, listen to what I am going to teach you; pay careful attention [IDM] to what I say.
2 Te enseñaré dichos sabios; y te explicaré misterios del pasado
I am going to give you some sayings that wise people have said. They will be sayings about things that happened long ago, things that were difficult to understand [MET],
3 que he escuchado antes y sobre los cuales he reflexionado. Son historias de nuestros antepasados que han sido transmitidas por generaciones.
things that we have heard and known previously, things that our parents and grandparents told us.
4 No las ocultaremos de nuestros hijos. Le contaremos a la siguiente generación sobre las maravillas que Dios ha hecho; sobre su poder y grandes obras.
We will tell these things to our children [LIT], and we will also tell to our grandchildren [about] Yahweh’s power and the glorious/great things that he has done.
5 Él entregó sus leyes a los descendientes de Jacob; dio sus instrucciones al pueblo de Israel. Él ordenó a nuestros padres para que las enseñaran a sus hijos,
He gave laws and commandments to the Israeli people, [those who are the descendants of] Jacob [DOU], and he told our ancestors to teach them to their children
6 a fin de que la siguiente generación—los que aún no habían nacido—entendieran y crecieran para enseñar a sus hijos.
in order that their children would [also] know them and then they would teach them to their children.
7 De esta forma debían mantener su fe en Dios y no olvidar lo que Dios ha hecho, así como seguir sus mandamientos.
In that way, they also would trust in God, and not forget the things that he has done; instead, they would obey his commandments.
8 Para que no fueran como sus antepasados, una generación terca y rebelde que carecía de fe y fidelidad.
They would not be like their ancestors, who were very stubborn and kept rebelling [against God]; they did not continue firmly trusting in God, and they did not worship only him.
9 Los soldados de Efraín, aunque estaban armados con arcos, huyeron el día de la batalla.
[The soldiers of] the tribe of Ephraim had bows [and arrows] but they ran away [from their enemies] on the day that they fought a battle with their enemies.
10 No cumplieron el pacto de Dios, y se negaron a seguir sus leyes.
They did not do what they had agreed with God that they would do; they refused to obey his laws.
11 Ignoraronl lo que Dios había hecho, y las maravillas que les había mostrado antes:
They forgot what he had done; they forgot about the miracles that they had seen him perform.
12 los milagros que había hecho por sus antepasados en Zoán, en Egipto.
While our ancestors were watching, God performed miracles in the area around Zoan [city] in Egypt.
13 Él dividió el mar en dos y los condujo a través de él, manteniendo las aguas como muros a cada lado.
[Then] he caused the [Red] Sea to divide, causing the water [on each side] to pile up like a wall, with the result that [our ancestors] walked through it [on dry ground].
14 Él los guiaba con una nube en el día, y de noche con una nube de fuego.
He led them by a [bright] cloud during the day and by a fiery light during the night.
15 Partió las rocas en el desierto para darle agua abundante a su pueblo. Aguas profundas como el océano.
He split rocks open in the desert, giving to our ancestors plenty of water from deep inside the earth.
16 ¡Él hizo que de las piedras fluyera agua como un río!
He caused a stream of water to flow from the rock; the water flowed like a river [DOU].
17 Pero ellos siguieron pecando contra él, rebelándose contra el Altísimo mientras andaban por el desierto.
But [our ancestors] continued to sin against God; in the desert they rebelled against the one who is greater than any other god.
18 Deliberadamente provocaban a Dios, exigiendo las comidas que tanto anhelaban.
By demanding that God give them the food that they desired, they tried to find out if he would always do what they requested him to do.
19 Insultaron a Dios diciendo: “¿Puede Dios darnos comida aquí en el desierto?
They insulted God by saying, “We don’t think he can supply food for us [here] in this desert!
20 Si bien puede golpear una roca y hacer que de ellas fluya agua como corrientes de río, ¿puede acaso darnos pan? ¿Puede darnos carne?”
[It is true that] he struck the rock, with the result that water gushed/flowed out, [but] (can he also provide bread and meat for [us], his people?/we doubt that he can also provide bread and meat for us, his people.)” [RHQ]
21 Cuando el Señor oyó esto, se enojó mucho, y el fuego de su enojo se encendió contra los descendientes de Jacob, el pueblo de Israel,
So, when Yahweh heard that, he became very angry, and he sent a fire to burn up [some of] his Israeli [people]. [MTY, DOU]
22 porque ellos no creyeron en Dios y no confiaron en que podía cuidar de ellos.
[He did that] because they did not trust in him, and they did not believe that he would rescue them.
23 Tanto fue su enojo que ordenó a los cielos se abrieran,
But God spoke to the sky above them; he commanded it to open [like] a door,
24 e hizo llover maná del cielo, dándoles así pan celestial.
and [then food] fell down like rain, [food which they named] ‘manna’; God gave them grain from (heaven/the sky).
25 Los seres humanos comieron del pan que comen los ángeles. Y les dio más que suficiente.
[So] the people ate the food that angels eat, [and] God gave to them all the manna that they wanted.
26 Luego hizo soplar un viento desde el Este, y por su poder también hizo soplar el viento que viene del Sur.
[Later], he caused the wind to blow from the east, and by his power he also sent wind from the south,
27 Hizo llover carne como tan abundante como el polvo. Las aves eran muchas, como la arena de la playa.
and the wind brought birds which were as numerous as the grains of sand on the seashore.
28 E hizo caer las aves en medio del campamento, y alrededor de sus carpas.
God caused those birds to fall [dead] in the middle of (their camp)/the area where the people had put up their tents. [There were dead birds] all around their tents.
29 Y comieron hasta que se saciaron. Les dio la comida que tanto deseaban.
[So] the people [cooked the birds and] ate the meat and their stomachs were full, because God had given them what they wanted.
30 Pero antes de saciar su apetito, mientras aún masticaban la carne,
But before they had eaten all that they wanted, and while they were still eating it,
31 Dios se enojó con ellos e hizo morir a los hombres más fuertes, derribándolos en plena juventud.
God was [still] very angry with them, and he caused their strongest men to die; he got rid of [many of] the finest [young] Israeli men.
32 A pesar de esto, siguieron pecando. A pesar de los milagros, se negaban a creer en él.
In spite of all that, the people continued to sin; in spite of all the miracles that God had performed, they still did not trust that he [would take care of them].
33 Así que apagó sus vidas vanas, e hizo que terminaran sus años con horror.
So, he caused their lives to end as quickly as a puff of wind ends; they died when disasters suddenly struck them.
34 Cuando Dios comenzó a matarlos, volvieron con oraciones a él, arrepentidos de su pecado.
When God caused [some of] them to die, [the others] turned to God; they repented and earnestly asked God [to save them].
35 Se acordaron de que Dios era su roca, que el Dios Altísimo era su salvador.
They remembered that God is [like] a huge rock ledge [under which they would be safe] [MET], and that he, who was greater than any other god, is the one who protected/rescued them.
36 Entonces lo comenzaron adular de labios para afuera, pero solo mentían.
But they [tried to] deceive God by what they said [MTY]; their words [MTY] were [all] lies.
37 En sus corazones no eran sinceros y no guardaron el pacto que tenían con él.
They were not loyal to him; they disregarded/ignored the agreement that he had made with them.
38 Pero por su compasión él perdonó su pecado y no los destruyó. Muchas veces contuvo su enojo y no desató toda su furia.
But God was merciful to his people. He forgave them for having sinned and did not get rid of them. Many times he refrained from becoming angry [with them] and restrained from furiously/severely [punishing them] [MTY].
39 Dios recordó que eran simples mortales, y que eran como el viento que se va y no regresa.
He remembered/considered that they were only humans who die; they [disappear quickly] [SIM], like a wind that blows by and then is gone.
40 Cuántas veces se rebelaron contra él en el desierto, causándole tristeza.
Many times our ancestors rebelled against God in the desert and caused him to become very sad.
41 Una y otra vez provocaron a Dios, causando dolor al Santo de Israel.
Many times they did evil things, to find out [if they could do those things without God punishing them]. They frequently caused the holy God of Israel to become disgusted/sad.
42 Olvidaron la fuerza con la que él los rescató de sus opresores,
They forgot about his [great] power, and they (forgot/did not think) about the time when he rescued them from their enemies.
43 haciendo milagros en Egipto, y maravillas en la llanura de Zoán.
They forgot about when he performed many miracles in the area near Zoan [city] in Egypt.
44 Allí convirtió sus ríos y fuentes de agua en sangre, de modo que nadie podía beber de ellos.
He caused the [Nile] River (OR, their sources of water) to become [red like] blood, with the result that the people of Egypt had no water to drink.
45 Envió moscas para destruirlos, y ranas para que los arruinaran.
He sent among the people of Egypt swarms of flies that bit them, and he sent frogs that ate up everything.
46 Dio sus cultivos a las langostas, y todo el fruto de su trabajo fue devorado por ellas.
He sent locusts to eat their crops and the other things that grew in their fields.
47 Destruyó sus viñedos con granizo, y sus higueras con aguanieve.
He sent hail that destroyed the grapevines, and sent frost that ruined the figs.
48 Dejó su ganado a merced del granizo y sus animales fueron destruidos por relámpagos.
He sent hail that killed their cattle and sent lightning that killed their sheep and cows.
49 Envió sobre ellos su ira feroz: Rabia, hostilidad y agonía. Por ello envió un grupo de ángeles destructores.
Because God was fiercely angry with the people of Egypt, he caused them to be very distressed. The disasters that struck them were like a group of angels that destroyed [everything].
50 Desató su ira sobre ellos y no los salvó de la muerte, sino que los dejó morir por causa de esta plaga.
He did not lessen his being angry [with them], and he did not (spare their lives/prevent them from dying); he sent a (plague/serious illness) that killed [many of] them.
51 Entonces mató al hijo mayor de cada familia en Egipto, todos los que habían sido concebidos como primogénitos en las carpas de Ham.
He also caused all the firstborn sons of the people of Egypt to die.
52 Pero a su pueblo guió como ovejas, y los condujo como un rebaño en el desierto.
Then he led his people out [of Egypt] like [a shepherd leads] his sheep [SIM], and he guided them [while they walked] through the desert.
53 Los llevó a un lugar seguro, y no tuvieron nada que temer. Ahogó a sus enemigos en el mar.
He led them safely, and they were not afraid, but their enemies were drowned in the sea.
54 Los llevó hasta la frontera de su tierra santa, a esta tierra montañosa que había conquistado para ellos.
[Later] he brought them to [Canaan], his sacred land, to [Zion] Hill (OR, the hilly area) and by his power [MTY] he enabled them to conquer [the people who were living there].
55 A las naciones infieles las expulsaba a su paso. Dividió la tierra para que la hicieran suya. Estableció las tribus de Israel en sus carpas.
He expelled the people-groups while his people were advancing; he allotted part of the land for [each tribe] to possess, and he gave to the Israeli people the houses of those people who had been expelled.
56 Pero ellos siguieron provocando al Altísimo, siendo rebeldes contra él. No siguieron sus enseñanzas.
However, the Israeli people rebelled against God, who is greater than any other god, and they did many evil things to see if they could do those things without God punishing them, and they did not obey his commandments.
57 Así como sus antiguos padres se alejaron de Dios y fueron infieles a él, tan torcidos como un arco doblado que no sirve.
Instead, like their ancestors did, they rebelled against God and (were not loyal to/did not faithfully [obey]) him; they were as [unreliable as] a crooked arrow [that does not go straight] [SIM].
58 Provocaron su ira con sus altares paganos y despertaron su celo con sus ídolos.
Because they [worshiped] carved images of their gods on the tops of hills, they caused God to become angry [DOU].
59 Cuando Dios escuchó que adoraban a otros dioses se enfureció y rechazó por completo a Israel.
He saw what they were doing and became very angry, so he rejected the Israeli people.
60 Entonces abandonó su lugar en Siloé, el Tabernáculo en el que vivía en medio del pueblo.
He no longer appeared to them at Shiloh in the tent where he had lived among them.
61 Además entregó el arca de su poder, dejando que manos enemigas la tomaran.
He allowed their enemies to capture [the sacred chest], [which was the symbol of] his power and his glory.
62 Entregó a su pueblo y permitió que lo masacraran a espada, pues estaba furioso con su pueblo escogido.
Because he was angry with his people, he allowed them to be killed [MTY] [by their enemies].
63 Sus hombres más jóvenes fueron quemados, y las mujeres jóvenes no lograron cantar sus cánticos de bodas.
Young men were killed in battles, with the result that the young women had no one to marry.
64 Sus sacerdotes fueron asesinados con espadas y sus viudas no pudieron hacer duelo por ellos.
[Many] priests were killed by [their enemies’] swords, and (the people did not allow the priests’ widows/the priests’ widows were not allowed) to mourn.
65 Entonces el Señor reaccionó como si hubiera despertado del sueño, como un guerrero que se despierta después de embriagarse con vino.
Later, [it was as though] the Lord awoke from sleeping; he was like a strong man who (became stimulated/felt that he was strong) by (OR, became sober after) [drinking] a lot of wine [SIM].
66 Venció a sus enemigos, atacándolos por la espalda y exponiéndolos a vergüenza eterna.
He pushed their enemies back and caused them to be [very] ashamed for a long time [HYP] [because they had been defeated].
67 Rechazó a los descendientes de José y no elegió más a la tribu de Eraín.
[But] he did not set up his tent where [the people of] the tribe of Ephraim lived; he did not choose their area [to do that].
68 En su lugar eligió a la tribu de Judá y al Monte de Sión, al cual amaba.
Instead he chose [the area where] the tribe of Judah [lived]; he chose Zion Hill, which he loves.
69 Allí construyó su santuario, tan alto como el cielo, y lo puso allí en esa tierra para que existiera eternamente.
He [decided to have] his temple built [there], high up, like [his home in] heaven; he caused it to be firm, [and intended that] his temple would last forever, like the earth.
70 Eligió a su siervo David, tomándolo de entre los rediles de ovejas,
He chose David, who served him [faithfully], and took him from the pastures
71 y lo llevó de cuidar ovejas y corderos, a ser un pastor de los descendientes de Jacob, el pueblo especial de Dios: Israel.
where he was taking care of his [father’s] sheep, and appointed him to be the leader [MET] of the Israeli people, the people who belong to God.
72 Como un pastor cuidó de ellos con sincera devoción, y los condujo con manos hábiles.
David took care of the Israeli people sincerely and wholeheartedly, and guided them skillfully/wisely.
