< romiṇaḥ 1 >
1 īśvaro nijaputramadhi yaṁ susaṁvādaṁ bhaviṣyadvādibhi rdharmmagranthe pratiśrutavān taṁ susaṁvādaṁ pracārayituṁ pṛthakkṛta āhūtaḥ preritaśca prabho ryīśukhrīṣṭasya sevako yaḥ paulaḥ
[I], Paul, who serve Christ Jesus, [am writing this letter]. God chose me to be an apostle, and I was appointed by him {he appointed me} in order that [I should proclaim] (the good message/the gospel) that [comes from him].
2 sa romānagarasthān īśvarapriyān āhūtāṁśca pavitralokān prati patraṁ likhati|
Long before [Jesus came to earth, God] promised [that he would reveal] this good message by means of what his prophets [wrote] in the sacred Scriptures.
3 asmākaṁ sa prabhu ryīśuḥ khrīṣṭaḥ śārīrikasambandhena dāyūdo vaṁśodbhavaḥ
This good message is [about the one whom we know as] his Son. As to his Son’s physical/human nature, he was born a descendant of [King] David.
4 pavitrasyātmanaḥ sambandhena ceśvarasya prabhāvavān putra iti śmaśānāt tasyotthānena pratipannaṁ|
As to his divine nature, it was shown {[God] showed} powerfully that he is (God’s own Son/the man who is also God). [God] showed this by his Holy Spirit causing him to become alive again after he died. He is Jesus Christ our Lord.
5 aparaṁ yeṣāṁ madhye yīśunā khrīṣṭena yūyamapyāhūtāste 'nyadeśīyalokāstasya nāmni viśvasya nideśagrāhiṇo yathā bhavanti
He is the one who appointed me, who did not deserve it, [to be] an apostle. He did that in order that [many] among the non-Jews would honor [him] and would obey him as a result of their believing [my message about him].
6 tadabhiprāyeṇa vayaṁ tasmād anugrahaṁ preritatvapadañca prāptāḥ|
You [believers] who are living in Rome [city] are included among those whom God has chosen to belong to Jesus Christ.
7 tātenāsmākam īśvareṇa prabhuṇā yīśukhrīṣṭena ca yuṣmabhyam anugrahaḥ śāntiśca pradīyetāṁ|
[I am writing this letter] to all of [you in Rome] whom God loves and whom he has chosen [to become his] people. [I pray that] God our Father and Jesus Christ our Lord will [continue to] act kindly toward you and [will continue to] cause you to have [inner] peace.
8 prathamataḥ sarvvasmin jagati yuṣmākaṁ viśvāsasya prakāśitatvād ahaṁ yuṣmākaṁ sarvveṣāṁ nimittaṁ yīśukhrīṣṭasya nāma gṛhlan īśvarasya dhanyavādaṁ karomi|
As I begin [this letter], I thank my God for all you [believers in Rome]. It is because of [what] Jesus Christ [has done for us that] I [am able to do that]. I thank him because your trusting [in Jesus Christ] is something that people all over [the Roman Empire] [HYP] are talking about.
9 aparam īśvarasya prasādād bahukālāt paraṁ sāmprataṁ yuṣmākaṁ samīpaṁ yātuṁ kathamapi yat suyogaṁ prāpnomi, etadarthaṁ nirantaraṁ nāmānyuccārayan nijāsu sarvvaprārthanāsu sarvvadā nivedayāmi,
God, whom I devotedly serve as I [proclaim to people] the gospel concerning his Son, knows that I tell the truth when I say that I always mention you whenever [DOU] I pray [to God] [HYP].
10 etasmin yamahaṁ tatputrīyasusaṁvādapracāraṇena manasā paricarāmi sa īśvaro mama sākṣī vidyate|
I especially ask God that if he desires [me to visit you], somehow at last I shall be able to do so.
11 yato yuṣmākaṁ mama ca viśvāsena vayam ubhaye yathā śāntiyuktā bhavāma iti kāraṇād
[I pray this] because I long to visit you to help you spiritually, in order that you will become stronger [spiritually].
12 yuṣmākaṁ sthairyyakaraṇārthaṁ yuṣmabhyaṁ kiñcitparamārthadānadānāya yuṣmān sākṣāt karttuṁ madīyā vāñchā|
I long to visit you in order that you and I might encourage each other [by means of our sharing with each other] how each of us trusts [in Jesus].
13 he bhrātṛgaṇa bhinnadeśīyalokānāṁ madhye yadvat tadvad yuṣmākaṁ madhyepi yathā phalaṁ bhuñje tadabhiprāyeṇa muhurmuhu ryuṣmākaṁ samīpaṁ gantum udyato'haṁ kintu yāvad adya tasmin gamane mama vighno jāta iti yūyaṁ yad ajñātāstiṣṭhatha tadaham ucitaṁ na budhye|
My fellow believers, many times I planned to visit you. I certainly want you to know [LIT] that. [But I have not been able to come to you because] I have been hindered {[things] have always prevented me} until the present time. I have wanted to come in order that I might help you to mature spiritually [IDM], as [I have helped people to mature spiritually] in many other non-Jewish groups [HYP].
14 ahaṁ sabhyāsabhyānāṁ vidvadavidvatāñca sarvveṣām ṛṇī vidye|
I feel obliged [to proclaim the gospel to all non-Jewish people], specifically to [people who know] the Greek [language and culture] and to those who do not know it, to people who are educated and to those who are uneducated.
15 ataeva romānivāsināṁ yuṣmākaṁ samīpe'pi yathāśakti susaṁvādaṁ pracārayitum aham udyatosmi|
So what I have eagerly desired is that I might proclaim this good message to you who are living in Rome also.
16 yataḥ khrīṣṭasya susaṁvādo mama lajjāspadaṁ nahi sa īśvarasya śaktisvarūpaḥ san ā yihūdīyebhyo 'nyajātīyān yāvat sarvvajātīyānāṁ madhye yaḥ kaścid tatra viśvasiti tasyaiva trāṇaṁ janayati|
[That leads me to say that] I very confidently proclaim [LIT] the good message [about what Christ has done], because this good message is the powerful [means] that God [uses] to save [from the guilt of their sins] all people who trust [in what Christ has done for them]. Specifically, God first has saved the Jews [who believe the good message], and then he has saved non-Jews.
17 yataḥ pratyayasya samaparimāṇam īśvaradattaṁ puṇyaṁ tatsusaṁvāde prakāśate| tadadhi dharmmapustakepi likhitamidaṁ "puṇyavān jano viśvāsena jīviṣyati"|
By means of this good message God reveals how he erases the record of people’s sins (OR, declares people no longer guilty for having sinned); and his doing this is entirely because [IDM] they trust [in Christ. This is confirmed] by what [a prophet long ago] wrote [that God said], “Those (whose record of sin [I] have erased/whom [I] have declared no longer guilty for sin) because they trust [in me] will live [forever].”
18 ataeva ye mānavāḥ pāpakarmmaṇā satyatāṁ rundhanti teṣāṁ sarvvasya durācaraṇasyādharmmasya ca viruddhaṁ svargād īśvarasya kopaḥ prakāśate|
From [where God rules in] heaven he is making it clear to all [non-Jewish] people who show no respect for God and who do wicked things, that he is angry with them [and that they deserve to be punished] {[that he would punish them]} [MTY]. By means of [their behaving] wickedly, they keep other people [from believing what they know] to be true [about God].
19 yata īśvaramadhi yadyad jñeyaṁ tad īśvaraḥ svayaṁ tān prati prakāśitavān tasmāt teṣām agocaraṁ nahi|
[Everyone] can clearly know what God [is like], because God himself has revealed to everyone [what he is like].
20 phalatastasyānantaśaktīśvaratvādīnyadṛśyānyapi sṛṣṭikālam ārabhya karmmasu prakāśamānāni dṛśyante tasmāt teṣāṁ doṣaprakṣālanasya panthā nāsti| (aïdios )
[People] cannot see what God is like. But ever since he created the world, by means of what he created he has clearly revealed what he is like. He has made clear to everyone that he has always been able to do very powerful things. [Therefore, we should recognize that] God is powerful, [completely different from all that he created]. So no one has a basis for saying, [“We never knew about God].” (aïdios )
21 aparam īśvaraṁ jñātvāpi te tam īśvarajñānena nādriyanta kṛtajñā vā na jātāḥ; tasmāt teṣāṁ sarvve tarkā viphalībhūtāḥ, aparañca teṣāṁ vivekaśūnyāni manāṁsi timire magnāni|
Although [the non-Jews] knew what God [is like], they did not honor him as God, nor did they thank [him for what he had done]. But instead, they began to think foolish [things about him], and they became unable to understand [MET] [what he wanted them to know].
22 te svān jñānino jñātvā jñānahīnā abhavan
Although they claimed that they were wise, they became foolish,
23 anaśvarasyeśvarasya gauravaṁ vihāya naśvaramanuṣyapaśupakṣyurogāmiprabhṛterākṛtiviśiṣṭapratimāstairāśritāḥ|
and they refused to [admit that] God is glorious and will never die. Instead, they made and worshipped idols [that resembled people who] will some day die, and [then they made other idols that resembled] birds and four-footed animals, and [finally] they made idols that resembled reptiles.
24 itthaṁ ta īśvarasya satyatāṁ vihāya mṛṣāmatam āśritavantaḥ saccidānandaṁ sṛṣṭikarttāraṁ tyaktvā sṛṣṭavastunaḥ pūjāṁ sevāñca kṛtavantaḥ; (aiōn )
So God allowed [the non-Jews] do immoral sexual things that they [SYN] strongly desired, things [that their desires were compelling them to do]. As a result, they [began to] dishonor each other’s bodies [by their sexual actions].
25 iti hetorīśvarastān kukriyāyāṁ samarpya nijanijakucintābhilāṣābhyāṁ svaṁ svaṁ śarīraṁ parasparam apamānitaṁ karttum adadāt|
Also, they [chose to worship] false [gods] instead (of admitting/of choosing to believe) what is true [about] God. They worshipped and served things [that God] created instead of [worshipping and serving God himself], the one who created [everything. They did this even though] he [deserves that those he created] would forever praise him. Amen!/May it be so! (aiōn )
26 īśvareṇa teṣu kvabhilāṣe samarpiteṣu teṣāṁ yoṣitaḥ svābhāvikācaraṇam apahāya viparītakṛtye prāvarttanta;
So, God allowed [the non-Jews to do] shameful [sexual] things that they [strongly] desired. As a result, many women did not have natural sexual relations [with their husbands] [EUP]. Instead, they were doing sexual actions with other women [EUP].
27 tathā puruṣā api svābhāvikayoṣitsaṅgamaṁ vihāya parasparaṁ kāmakṛśānunā dagdhāḥ santaḥ pumāṁsaḥ puṁbhiḥ sākaṁ kukṛtye samāsajya nijanijabhrānteḥ samucitaṁ phalam alabhanta|
Similarly, [many] men stopped having/did not have natural sexual relations with women [EUP]. Instead, they strongly desired to have sexual relations with other men. They committed [homosexual] acts with other men, acts that were shameful. As a result, [God has] punished them [by sicknesses] in their bodies, which is what they deserve [because] they [thought] wrongly [that God would not punish them for doing that].
28 te sveṣāṁ manaḥsvīśvarāya sthānaṁ dātum anicchukāstato hetorīśvarastān prati duṣṭamanaskatvam avihitakriyatvañca dattavān|
Furthermore, because they decided that it was not [worthwhile] to know God, he allowed their own worthless thoughts [to completely control them]. As a result, they began doing [evil] things that [God says that people] should not do.
29 ataeva te sarvve 'nyāyo vyabhicāro duṣṭatvaṁ lobho jighāṁsā īrṣyā vadho vivādaścāturī kumatirityādibhi rduṣkarmmabhiḥ paripūrṇāḥ santaḥ
They strongly desire to do all [kinds of] unrighteous [things]. They strongly desire to do all [kinds of] evil things [to others]. They strongly desire to possess things that [belong to others]. They strongly desire to harm [others] in various ways. [Many non-Jews] are constantly envying [other people. Many] constantly desire to murder [people. Many] constantly desire to cause strife [between people. Many] constantly desire to deceive [others. Many] constantly desire to speak hatefully [about others] (OR, [to speak harmful things about others, things that are not true]). [Many] gossip [about others].
30 karṇejapā apavādina īśvaradveṣakā hiṁsakā ahaṅkāriṇa ātmaślāghinaḥ kukarmmotpādakāḥ pitrorājñālaṅghakā
[Many] slander [others. Many] act especially hatefully toward God. [Many] speak or act in an insulting way [toward others. Many] treat others contemptuously. [Many] boast [about themselves to others. Many] invent new ways to do evil things. [Many non-Jewish children] disobey their parents.
31 avicārakā niyamalaṅghinaḥ sneharahitā atidveṣiṇo nirdayāśca jātāḥ|
[Many non-Jews] act in other morally foolish ways. [Many] do not do what they promised [others that they would do. Many] do not [even] love [their own family members. And many] do not act mercifully [toward other people].
32 ye janā etādṛśaṁ karmma kurvvanti taeva mṛtiyogyā īśvarasya vicāramīdṛśaṁ jñātvāpi ta etādṛśaṁ karmma svayaṁ kurvvanti kevalamiti nahi kintu tādṛśakarmmakāriṣu lokeṣvapi prīyante|
Although they know that God has declared that those who do such things deserve to be killed, they not only habitually do these [kinds of evil] things, but they also approve of others who habitually do them.