Исая 5:20
20 Вай де чей че нумеск рэул бине ши бинеле, рэу, каре спун кэ ынтунерикул есте луминэ ши лумина, ынтунерик, каре дау амэрэчуня ын лок де дулчацэ ши дулчаца, ын лок де амэрэчуне!
Væ qui dicitis malum bonum, et bonum malum; ponentes tenebras lucem, et lucem tenebras; ponentes amarum in dulce, et dulce in amarum!
woe to!
Strongs:
Lexicon:
הוֹי
Hebrew:
ה֣וֹי
Transliteration:
Ho
Context:
Next word (Hebrew root)
Gloss:
woe!
Morphhology:
Interjection
Grammar:
an INDICATOR that this is an exclamation
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
הוֹי
Transliteration:
hoy
Gloss:
woe!
Morphhology:
Hebrew Interjection
Definition:
ah, alas, ha, ho, O, woe!
Strongs
Word:
הוֹי
Transliteration:
hôwy
Pronounciation:
hoh'ee
Language:
Hebrew
Morphhology:
Interjection
those
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ה
Hebrew:
הָ/אֹמְרִ֥ים
Transliteration:
ha.
Context:
Next word
Gloss:
the
Morphhology:
Definite article (Hebrew)
Grammar:
an INDICATOR that this is important or it has been referred to
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ה
Transliteration:
ha
Gloss:
[the]
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix hé article: "the" for a subject, not object
[who] say
Strongs:
Lexicon:
אָמַר
Hebrew:
הָ/אֹמְרִ֥ים
Transliteration:
'o.me.Rim
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Gloss:
to say
Morphhology:
Verb : Qal (Simple, Active) Participle (Plural Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
performing an ACTION OR ACTIVITY being done by male people or things
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
אָמַר
Transliteration:
a.mar
Gloss:
to say
Morphhology:
Hebrew Verb
Definition:
to say, speak, utter 1a) (Qal) to say, to answer, to say in one's heart, to think, to command, to promise, to intend 1b) (Niphal) to be told, to be said, to be called 1c) (Hithpael) to boast, to act proudly 1d) (Hiphil) to avow, to avouch Aramaic equivalent: a.mar (אֲמַר "to say" h560)
Strongs
Word:
אָמַר
Transliteration:
ʼâmar
Pronounciation:
aw-mar'
Language:
Hebrew
Morphhology:
Verb
Definition:
to say (used with great latitude); answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, [idiom] desire, determine, [idiom] expressly, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] intend, name, [idiom] plainly, promise, publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), [idiom] still, [idiom] suppose, talk, tell, term, [idiom] that is, [idiom] think, use (speech), utter, [idiom] verily, [idiom] yet.; a primitive root
of <the>
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ל
Hebrew:
לָ/רַ֛ע
Transliteration:
la.
Context:
Next word
Gloss:
to
Morphhology:
Preposition (Definite)
Grammar:
a RELATIONSHIP to another person or thing with an indication that it is important or it has been referred to
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ל
Transliteration:
l
Gloss:
to/for
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix lamed: to
evil
Strongs:
Lexicon:
רַע
Hebrew:
לָ/רַ֛ע
Transliteration:
Ra'
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Morphhology:
Adjective (Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
DESCRIBING a male person or thing
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
רַע
Origin:
a Spelling of h7451A
Transliteration:
ra
Gloss:
bad: evil
Morphhology:
Hebrew Noun Male
Definition:
evil, distress, misery, injury, calamity 1a) evil, distress, adversity 1b) evil, injury, wrong 1c) evil (ethical)
Strongs > h7451
Word:
רַע
Transliteration:
raʻ
Pronounciation:
rah
Language:
Hebrew
Definition:
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral); adversity, affliction, bad, calamity, [phrase] displease(-ure), distress, evil((-favouredness), man, thing), [phrase] exceedingly, [idiom] great, grief(-vous), harm, heavy, hurt(-ful), ill (favoured), [phrase] mark, mischief(-vous), misery, naught(-ty), noisome, [phrase] not please, sad(-ly), sore, sorrow, trouble, vex, wicked(-ly, -ness, one), worse(-st), wretchedness, wrong. (Incl. feminine raaah; as adjective or noun.).; from h7489 (רָעַע)
good
Strongs:
Lexicon:
טוֹב
Hebrew:
ט֖וֹב
Transliteration:
Tov
Context:
Next word (Hebrew root)
Morphhology:
Adjective (Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
DESCRIBING a male person or thing
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
טוֹב
Transliteration:
tov
Gloss:
good
Morphhology:
Hebrew Noun Male
Definition:
a good thing, benefit, welfare 1a) welfare, prosperity, happiness 1b) good things (collective) 1c) good, benefit 1d) moral good
Strongs > h2896
Word:
טוֹב
Transliteration:
ṭôwb
Pronounciation:
tobe
Language:
Hebrew
Definition:
good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good or good thing, a good man or woman; the good, goods or good things, good men or women), also as an adverb (well); beautiful, best, better, bountiful, cheerful, at ease, [idiom] fair (word), (be in) favour, fine, glad, good (deed, -lier, -liest, -ly, -ness, -s), graciously, joyful, kindly, kindness, liketh (best), loving, merry, [idiom] most, pleasant, [phrase] pleaseth, pleasure, precious, prosperity, ready, sweet, wealth, welfare, (be) well(-favoured).; from h2895 (טוֹב)
and
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ו
Hebrew:
וְ/לַ/טּ֣וֹב
Transliteration:
ve.
Context:
Next word
Morphhology:
Conjunction
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/וְ
Transliteration:
v
Gloss:
and
Morphhology:
Hebrew Conjunction
Definition:
Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (‘and/but’)
of <the>
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ל
Hebrew:
וְ/לַ/טּ֣וֹב
Transliteration:
la.
Context:
Continue previous word
Gloss:
to
Morphhology:
Preposition (Definite)
Grammar:
a RELATIONSHIP to another person or thing with an indication that it is important or it has been referred to
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ל
Transliteration:
l
Gloss:
to/for
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix lamed: to
good
Strongs:
Lexicon:
טוֹב
Hebrew:
וְ/לַ/טּ֣וֹב
Transliteration:
Tov
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Morphhology:
Adjective (Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
DESCRIBING a male person or thing
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
טוֹב
Transliteration:
tov
Gloss:
good
Morphhology:
Hebrew Noun Male
Definition:
a good thing, benefit, welfare 1a) welfare, prosperity, happiness 1b) good things (collective) 1c) good, benefit 1d) moral good
Strongs > h2896
Word:
טוֹב
Transliteration:
ṭôwb
Pronounciation:
tobe
Language:
Hebrew
Definition:
good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good or good thing, a good man or woman; the good, goods or good things, good men or women), also as an adverb (well); beautiful, best, better, bountiful, cheerful, at ease, [idiom] fair (word), (be in) favour, fine, glad, good (deed, -lier, -liest, -ly, -ness, -s), graciously, joyful, kindly, kindness, liketh (best), loving, merry, [idiom] most, pleasant, [phrase] pleaseth, pleasure, precious, prosperity, ready, sweet, wealth, welfare, (be) well(-favoured).; from h2895 (טוֹב)
evil
Strongs:
Lexicon:
רַע
Hebrew:
רָ֑ע
Transliteration:
Ra'
Context:
Next word (Hebrew root)
Morphhology:
Adjective (Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
DESCRIBING a male person or thing
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
רַע
Origin:
a Spelling of h7451A
Transliteration:
ra
Gloss:
bad: evil
Morphhology:
Hebrew Noun Male
Definition:
evil, distress, misery, injury, calamity 1a) evil, distress, adversity 1b) evil, injury, wrong 1c) evil (ethical)
Strongs > h7451
Word:
רַע
Transliteration:
raʻ
Pronounciation:
rah
Language:
Hebrew
Definition:
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral); adversity, affliction, bad, calamity, [phrase] displease(-ure), distress, evil((-favouredness), man, thing), [phrase] exceedingly, [idiom] great, grief(-vous), harm, heavy, hurt(-ful), ill (favoured), [phrase] mark, mischief(-vous), misery, naught(-ty), noisome, [phrase] not please, sad(-ly), sore, sorrow, trouble, vex, wicked(-ly, -ness, one), worse(-st), wretchedness, wrong. (Incl. feminine raaah; as adjective or noun.).; from h7489 (רָעַע)
[those who] make
Strongs:
Lexicon:
שׂוּם
Hebrew:
שָׂמִ֨ים
Transliteration:
sa.Mim
Context:
Next word (Hebrew root)
Gloss:
put
Morphhology:
Verb : Qal (Simple, Active) Participle (Plural Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
performing an ACTION OR ACTIVITY being done by male people or things
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Additional:
to set, give
Tyndale
Word:
שׂוּם
Origin:
a Meaning of h7760A
Transliteration:
sum
Gloss:
to set: put
Morphhology:
Hebrew Verb
Definition:
put/give to put, place, set, appoint, make 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to put, set, lay, put or lay upon, lay (violent) hands on 1a2) to set, direct, direct toward 1a2a) to extend (compassion) (fig) 1a3) to set, ordain, establish, found, appoint, constitute, make, determine, fix 1a4) to set, station, put, set in place, plant, fix 1a5) to make, make for, transform into, constitute, fashion, work, bring to pass, appoint, give 1b) (Hiphil) to set or make for a sign 1c) (Hophal) to be set
Strongs > h7760
Word:
שׂוּם
Transliteration:
sûwm
Pronounciation:
soom
Language:
Hebrew
Morphhology:
Verb
Definition:
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically); [idiom] any wise, appoint, bring, call (a name), care, cast in, change, charge, commit, consider, convey, determine, [phrase] disguise, dispose, do, get, give, heap up, hold, impute, lay (down, up), leave, look, make (out), mark, [phrase] name, [idiom] on, ordain, order, [phrase] paint, place, preserve, purpose, put (on), [phrase] regard, rehearse, reward, (cause to) set (on, up), shew, [phrase] stedfastly, take, [idiom] tell, [phrase] tread down, (over-)turn, [idiom] wholly, work.; or שִׂים; a primitive root
darkness
Strongs:
Lexicon:
חֹ֫שֶׁךְ
Hebrew:
חֹ֤שֶׁךְ
Transliteration:
Cho.shekh
Context:
Next word (Hebrew root)
Morphhology:
Noun (Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
a reference to a male PERSON OR THING
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
חֹ֫שֶׁךְ
Transliteration:
cho.shekh
Gloss:
darkness
Morphhology:
Hebrew Noun Male
Definition:
darkness, obscurity 1a) darkness 1b) secret place
Strongs
Word:
חֹשֶׁךְ
Transliteration:
chôshek
Pronounciation:
kho-shek'
Language:
Hebrew
Morphhology:
Noun Masculine
Definition:
the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness; dark(-ness), night, obscurity.; from h2821 (חָשַׁךְ)
into
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ל
Hebrew:
לְ/אוֹר֙
Transliteration:
le.
Context:
Next word
Gloss:
to
Morphhology:
Preposition
Grammar:
a RELATIONSHIP to another person or thing
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ל
Transliteration:
l
Gloss:
to/for
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix lamed: to
light
Strongs:
Lexicon:
אוֹר
Hebrew:
לְ/אוֹר֙
Transliteration:
'Or
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Morphhology:
Noun (Singular Feminine, Absolute)
Grammar:
a reference to a female PERSON OR THING
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
אוֹר
Transliteration:
or
Gloss:
light
Morphhology:
Hebrew Noun Female
Definition:
light 1a) light of day 1b) light of heavenly luminaries (moon, sun, stars) 1c) day-break, dawn, morning light 1d) daylight 1e) lightning 1f) light of lamp 1g) light of life 1h) light of prosperity 1i) light of instruction 1j) light of face (fig.) 1k) Jehovah as Israel's light
Strongs
Word:
אוֹר
Transliteration:
ʼôwr
Pronounciation:
ore
Language:
Hebrew
Morphhology:
Noun Feminine
Definition:
illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.); bright, clear, [phrase] day, light (-ning), morning, sun.; from h215 (אוֹר)
and
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ו
Hebrew:
וְ/א֣וֹר
Transliteration:
ve.
Context:
Next word
Morphhology:
Conjunction
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/וְ
Transliteration:
v
Gloss:
and
Morphhology:
Hebrew Conjunction
Definition:
Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (‘and/but’)
light
Strongs:
Lexicon:
אוֹר
Hebrew:
וְ/א֣וֹר
Transliteration:
'or
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Morphhology:
Noun (Singular Feminine, Absolute)
Grammar:
a reference to a female PERSON OR THING
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
אוֹר
Transliteration:
or
Gloss:
light
Morphhology:
Hebrew Noun Female
Definition:
light 1a) light of day 1b) light of heavenly luminaries (moon, sun, stars) 1c) day-break, dawn, morning light 1d) daylight 1e) lightning 1f) light of lamp 1g) light of life 1h) light of prosperity 1i) light of instruction 1j) light of face (fig.) 1k) Jehovah as Israel's light
Strongs
Word:
אוֹר
Transliteration:
ʼôwr
Pronounciation:
ore
Language:
Hebrew
Morphhology:
Noun Feminine
Definition:
illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.); bright, clear, [phrase] day, light (-ning), morning, sun.; from h215 (אוֹר)
into
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ל
Hebrew:
לְ/חֹ֔שֶׁךְ
Transliteration:
le.
Context:
Next word
Gloss:
to
Morphhology:
Preposition
Grammar:
a RELATIONSHIP to another person or thing
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ל
Transliteration:
l
Gloss:
to/for
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix lamed: to
darkness
Strongs:
Lexicon:
חֹ֫שֶׁךְ
Hebrew:
לְ/חֹ֔שֶׁךְ
Transliteration:
Cho.shekh
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Morphhology:
Noun (Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
a reference to a male PERSON OR THING
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
חֹ֫שֶׁךְ
Transliteration:
cho.shekh
Gloss:
darkness
Morphhology:
Hebrew Noun Male
Definition:
darkness, obscurity 1a) darkness 1b) secret place
Strongs
Word:
חֹשֶׁךְ
Transliteration:
chôshek
Pronounciation:
kho-shek'
Language:
Hebrew
Morphhology:
Noun Masculine
Definition:
the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness; dark(-ness), night, obscurity.; from h2821 (חָשַׁךְ)
[those who] make
Strongs:
Lexicon:
שׂוּם
Hebrew:
שָׂמִ֥ים
Transliteration:
sa.Mim
Context:
Next word (Hebrew root)
Gloss:
put
Morphhology:
Verb : Qal (Simple, Active) Participle (Plural Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
performing an ACTION OR ACTIVITY being done by male people or things
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Additional:
to set, give
Tyndale
Word:
שׂוּם
Origin:
a Meaning of h7760A
Transliteration:
sum
Gloss:
to set: put
Morphhology:
Hebrew Verb
Definition:
put/give to put, place, set, appoint, make 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to put, set, lay, put or lay upon, lay (violent) hands on 1a2) to set, direct, direct toward 1a2a) to extend (compassion) (fig) 1a3) to set, ordain, establish, found, appoint, constitute, make, determine, fix 1a4) to set, station, put, set in place, plant, fix 1a5) to make, make for, transform into, constitute, fashion, work, bring to pass, appoint, give 1b) (Hiphil) to set or make for a sign 1c) (Hophal) to be set
Strongs > h7760
Word:
שׂוּם
Transliteration:
sûwm
Pronounciation:
soom
Language:
Hebrew
Morphhology:
Verb
Definition:
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically); [idiom] any wise, appoint, bring, call (a name), care, cast in, change, charge, commit, consider, convey, determine, [phrase] disguise, dispose, do, get, give, heap up, hold, impute, lay (down, up), leave, look, make (out), mark, [phrase] name, [idiom] on, ordain, order, [phrase] paint, place, preserve, purpose, put (on), [phrase] regard, rehearse, reward, (cause to) set (on, up), shew, [phrase] stedfastly, take, [idiom] tell, [phrase] tread down, (over-)turn, [idiom] wholly, work.; or שִׂים; a primitive root
bitter
Strongs:
Lexicon:
מַר
Hebrew:
מַ֛ר
Transliteration:
mar
Context:
Next word (Hebrew root)
Morphhology:
Adjective (Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
DESCRIBING a male person or thing
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
מַר
Transliteration:
mar
Gloss:
bitter
Morphhology:
Hebrew Adjective Male
Definition:
adj 1) bitter, bitterness 1a) of water or food 1b) of harlot's end, end of wickedness, cry (fig.) 1c) of pain (subst) adv 2) bitterly
Strongs
Word:
מַר
Transliteration:
mar
Pronounciation:
mar
Language:
Hebrew
Definition:
bitter (literally or figuratively); also (as noun) bitterness, or (adverbially) bitterly; [phrase] angry, bitter(-ly, -ness), chafed, discontented, [idiom] great, heavy.; or (feminine) מָרָה; from h4843 (מָרַר)
into
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ל
Hebrew:
לְ/מָת֖וֹק
Transliteration:
le.
Context:
Next word
Gloss:
to
Morphhology:
Preposition
Grammar:
a RELATIONSHIP to another person or thing
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ל
Transliteration:
l
Gloss:
to/for
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix lamed: to
sweet
Strongs:
Lexicon:
מָתוֹק
Hebrew:
לְ/מָת֖וֹק
Transliteration:
ma.Tok
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Morphhology:
Adjective (Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
DESCRIBING a male person or thing
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
מָתוֹק
Transliteration:
ma.toq
Gloss:
sweet
Morphhology:
Hebrew Adjective
Definition:
adj 1) sweet n m 2) sweetness, pleasant (thing)
Strongs
Word:
מָתוֹק
Transliteration:
mâthôwq
Pronounciation:
maw-thoke'
Language:
Hebrew
Definition:
sweet; sweet(-er, -ness).; or מָתוּק; from h4985 (מָתַק)
and
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ו
Hebrew:
וּ/מָת֥וֹק
Transliteration:
u.
Context:
Next word
Morphhology:
Conjunction
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/וְ
Transliteration:
v
Gloss:
and
Morphhology:
Hebrew Conjunction
Definition:
Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (‘and/but’)
sweet
Strongs:
Lexicon:
מָתוֹק
Hebrew:
וּ/מָת֥וֹק
Transliteration:
ma.Tok
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Morphhology:
Adjective (Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
DESCRIBING a male person or thing
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
מָתוֹק
Transliteration:
ma.toq
Gloss:
sweet
Morphhology:
Hebrew Adjective
Definition:
adj 1) sweet n m 2) sweetness, pleasant (thing)
Strongs
Word:
מָתוֹק
Transliteration:
mâthôwq
Pronounciation:
maw-thoke'
Language:
Hebrew
Definition:
sweet; sweet(-er, -ness).; or מָתוּק; from h4985 (מָתַק)
into
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ל
Hebrew:
לְ/מָֽר\׃\ \ס
Transliteration:
le.
Context:
Next word
Gloss:
to
Morphhology:
Preposition
Grammar:
a RELATIONSHIP to another person or thing
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ל
Transliteration:
l
Gloss:
to/for
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix lamed: to
bitter
Strongs:
Lexicon:
מַר
Hebrew:
לְ/מָֽר\׃\ \ס
Transliteration:
Mar
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Morphhology:
Adjective (Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
DESCRIBING a male person or thing
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
מַר
Transliteration:
mar
Gloss:
bitter
Morphhology:
Hebrew Adjective Male
Definition:
adj 1) bitter, bitterness 1a) of water or food 1b) of harlot's end, end of wickedness, cry (fig.) 1c) of pain (subst) adv 2) bitterly
Strongs
Word:
מַר
Transliteration:
mar
Pronounciation:
mar
Language:
Hebrew
Definition:
bitter (literally or figuratively); also (as noun) bitterness, or (adverbially) bitterly; [phrase] angry, bitter(-ly, -ness), chafed, discontented, [idiom] great, heavy.; or (feminine) מָרָה; from h4843 (מָרַר)
[׃]
Strongs:
Lexicon:
[׃]
Hebrew:
לְ/מָֽר\׃\ \ס
Context:
Punctuation
Gloss:
[fullstop]
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
:
Transliteration:
:
Morphhology:
Punctuation
Definition:
Punctuation Sof-Pasuq: ends a verse
[ס]
Strongs:
Lexicon:
[ס]
Hebrew:
לְ/מָֽר\׃\ \ס
Context:
Punctuation
Gloss:
[paragraph]
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
ס
Transliteration:
S
Morphhology:
Punctuation
Definition:
Punctuation Sameq paragraph: ends a lectionary section
