Esodo 22
1 QUANDO alcuno avrà rubato un bue, o una pecora, o una capra, e l'avrà ammazzata o venduta; paghi cinque buoi per quel bue, e quattro pecore, o capre, per quella pecora, o capra.
Yahweh also said, “If someone steals a bull or a sheep, and then slaughters it [to sell it or to sacrifice it] or sells its [meat to someone else], he must pay five bulls for the bull [that he stole], and [he must pay] four sheep for the sheep [that he stole].
2 Se il ladro, colto [di notte] nello sconficcare è percosso, e muore, non vi è omicidio.
If a thief is caught while he is breaking into someone else’s house [at night], if [the one who catches him] kills the thief, he is not guilty of murdering him.
3 Se il sole è levato quando sarà colto, [vi è] omicidio. [Il ladro] soddisfaccia del tutto; e se non ha [da soddisfare], sia venduto per lo suo furto.
But if that happens during the daytime, [the one who killed the thief] is guilty of murdering him. The thief must pay for what he stole. If he has no [animals with which to pay for the one that he stole], he must be sold to [become someone’s else’s slave and the money must be used] to pay for what he stole.
4 Se pure il furto gli è trovato in mano, vivo; o bue, o asino, o pecora che sia, restituisca[lo] al doppio.
If the thief still has the animal when he is caught, whether it is a bull or a donkey or a sheep, and it is still alive, the thief must give back [the stolen animal as well as giving] two [additional] animals for each one that he stole.
5 Se alcuno fa pascolare un campo, o una vigna; e se manda nel campo altrui il suo bestiame, il quale vi pasturi dentro, soddisfaccia il danno col meglio del suo campo, e col meglio della sua vigna.
If someone allows his animals to (graze/eat the grass) in his field or in his vineyard, and if they stray away and eat the crops in another person’s field, the owner of the animals must pay [the owner of those crops] by giving him the best crops from his own field or vineyard.
6 Quando un fuoco uscirà fuori, e incontrerà delle spine, onde sia consumato grano in bica, o biade, o campo, del tutto soddisfaccia il danno colui che avrà acceso il fuoco.
Suppose someone starts a fire in his own field, and the fire spreads through the grass and starts burning in someone else’s field, and the fire burns grain that is growing or grain that is already [cut and] stacked. Then the person who started the fire must pay completely for the damage.
7 Quando alcuno avrà dato al suo prossimo danari, o vasellamenti, a guardare, [e quelli] saranno rubati dalla casa di colui, se il ladro è trovato, restituisca[li] al doppio.
Suppose someone gives to another person some money or other valuable goods and asks him to guard them [in his house for a while]. If those things are stolen from that person’s house, if the thief is caught, he must pay back twice [as much as he stole].
8 Se il ladro non si trova, facciasi comparire il padron della casa davanti a' rettori, [per giurare] s'egli non ha punto messa la mano sopra la roba del suo prossimo.
But if the thief is not caught, the owner of the house [from which the things were stolen] must stand before the judges, so that the judges can determine whether [the owner of the house] was the one who took the other man’s goods [and sold them to someone else].
9 In ogni causa di misfatto intorno a bue, asino, pecora, capra, vestimento, o a qualunque [altra] cosa perduta, della quale [uno] dica: Questa [è] dessa; venga la causa d'amendue [le parti] davanti a' rettori; e colui che i rettori avranno condannato, paghi il doppio al suo prossimo.
If two people argue about which one of them owns a bull or a donkey or a sheep or some clothing, or something else that has been lost, the two people who each claim/say that the item belongs to them must stand before the judges. The one whom the judges declare is lying must pay back [to the real owner] twice as many bulls or donkeys or sheep or pieces of clothing.
10 Quando alcuno avrà dato al suo prossimo, asino, o bue, o pecora, o qualunque [altra] bestia, a guardare, ed ella muore, o le si fiacca [alcun membro], o è rapita, senza che alcuno l'abbia veduto,
Suppose someone gives his donkey or bull or sheep or some other animal to someone else and asks him to take care of it [for a while], and the animal dies or is injured or is stolen while no one is watching.
11 il giuramento del Signore intervenga fra le due [parti, per saper] se [colui] non ha punto messa la mano sopra il bene del suo prossimo; e accetti il padron della bestia [quel giuramento], e non sia l'altro obbligato a pagamento.
Then the person [who was taking care of the animal] must (swear/solemnly declare), knowing that God is listening, that he did not steal the animal. If he did not steal it the owner of the animal must accept/believe that the other person is telling the truth, and the other person will not have to pay anything back to the owner.
12 Ma se pur [quella bestia] gli è stata rubata d'appresso, facciane soddisfazione al padron di essa.
But if the animal was stolen [while he was supposed to be taking care of it], the man who promised to take care of it must pay back the owner for the animal.
13 Se pur quella bestia è stata lacerata [dalle fiere], portila [per] testimonianza, e non sia obbligato a pagar la [bestia].
If [he says that] the animal was killed by wild animals, he must bring back the remains of the animal that was killed and show it to the animal’s owner. If he does that, he will not have to pay anything for the animal.
14 E quando alcuno avrà presa in prestanza [una bestia] dal suo prossimo, e le si fiaccherà [alcun membro], o morrà, e il padrone di essa non [sarà] presente, del tutto [colui] paghila.
If someone borrows an animal, and if that animal is hurt or dies when its owner is not there, the one who borrowed it must pay the owner for the animal.
15 [Ma] se il padrone [è stato] presente, non sia [colui] obbligato a pagar[la]; se la bestia è stata tolta a vettura, ell'è venuta per lo prezzo della sua vettura.
But if that happens when the owner of the animal is there, the one who borrowed it will not have to pay back anything. If the man who borrowed it only rented it, the money that he paid to rent it will be enough to pay for the animal [dying or being injured].”
16 E quando alcuno avrà sedotta una vergine, la qual non sia sposata, e sarà giaciuto con lei, del tutto dotila, [e prendalasi] per moglie.
“If a man persuades a girl/woman to have sex with him, a girl/woman who (is a virgin/has never had sex with any man) and who is not engaged to be married, he must pay the bride price for her and marry her.
17 Se pure il padre di essa del tutto ricusa di dargliela, paghi danari, secondo la dote delle vergini.
But if her father refuses to allow her to marry him, he must pay to the woman’s father the amount of money that is equal to the amount of bride price money that men pay for virgins.
18 Non lasciar vivere la [donna] maliosa.
You must execute any woman who (practices sorcery/is a shaman).
19 Chiunque si congiungerà con una bestia, del tutto sia fatto morire.
You must execute any person who has sex with an animal.
20 Chi sacrificherà ad [altri] dii, fuor che al Signore solo, sia sterminato come anatema.
You [must offer sacrifices] only to Yahweh. You must execute anyone who offers a sacrifice to any [other] god.
21 Non far violenza al forestiere, e non opprimerlo; conciossiachè voi siate stati forestieri nel paese di Egitto.
You must not mistreat a foreigner [who comes to live among you]. Do not forget that you were previously foreigners in Egypt.
22 Non affliggete alcuna vedova nè orfano.
You must not mistreat any widow or any orphan.
23 Guardati d'affliggerlo in alcuna maniera, perciocchè, se egli grida a me, io del tutto esaudirò il suo grido.
If you mistreat them and they cry out to me [for help], I will hear them.
24 E l'ira mia si accenderà, ed io vi ucciderò con la spada: e le vostre mogli saranno vedove, e i vostri figliuoli orfani.
And I will be angry with you, and I will cause you to be killed in a war [MTY]. Your wives will become widows, and your children will no longer have fathers.
25 Quando tu presterai danari al mio popolo, al povero [ch'è] appresso a te, non procedere inverso lui a guisa di usuraio: non imponetegli usura.
If you lend money to any of my people who are poor, do not act like a moneylender and require him to pay interest on the money.
26 Se pur tu togli in pegno il vestimento del tuo prossimo, rendiglielo infra il tramontar del sole.
If he gives you his cloak to guarantee [that he will pay the money back], you must give the cloak back to him before the sun goes down,
27 Perciocchè quello solo [è] la sua copritura, ed [è] il suo vestire [per coprir] la sua pelle; in che giacerebbe egli? se dunque egli avviene che egli gridi a me, io l'esaudirò; perciocchè io [son] pietoso.
because he needs it to keep him warm [during the night]. (That is the only covering that poor people have when they sleep at night./What else will he cover himself with during the night?) [RHQ] [If you do not act mercifully toward him by returning his cloak], when he cries out to me asking for my help, I will help him, because I [always act] mercifully.
28 Non dir male de' rettori; e non maledir [colui ch'è] principe nel tuo popolo.
Do not (revile/speak evil about) me, and do not (curse/ask me to do harmful things to) any ruler of your people.
29 Non indugiare [il pagar le primizie del]la tua vendemmia, nè del gocciolar de' tuoi olii; dammi il primogenito dei tuoi figliuoli.
(Do not withhold from/Give) me the best parts of the grain that you harvest and of the olive oil and the wine that you produce.
30 Fa' il simigliante del tuo bue, e della tua pecora, e capra; stia [il primo portato di esse] sette giorni appresso la madre sua, e all'ottavo giorno dammelo.
You must dedicate your firstborn sons to me. Similarly, your firstborn [male] cattle and sheep belong to me. After those animals are born, allow them to stay with their mothers for seven days. On the eighth day, offer them to me [as a sacrifice].
31 E siatemi uomini santi; e non mangiate carne lacerata [dalle fiere] per li campi; gittatela a' cani.
You are people who are (completely dedicated to/set apart for) me. [And I detest] the meat of any animal that has been killed by wild animals. Therefore you should not eat such meat. Instead, throw it where the dogs [can eat it].”
