תהילים 78
| משכיל לאסף האזינה עמי תורתי הטו אזנכם לאמרי-פי | 1 |
My friends, listen to what I am going to teach you; pay careful attention [IDM] to what I say.
| אפתחה במשל פי אביעה חידות מני-קדם | 2 |
I am going to give you some sayings that wise people have said. They will be sayings about things that happened long ago, things that were difficult to understand [MET],
| אשר שמענו ונדעם ואבותינו ספרו-לנו | 3 |
things that we have heard and known previously, things that our parents and grandparents told us.
| לא נכחד מבניהם-- לדור אחרון מספרים תהלות יהוה ועזוזו ונפלאתיו אשר עשה | 4 |
We will tell these things to our children [LIT], and we will also tell to our grandchildren [about] Yahweh’s power and the glorious/great things that he has done.
| ויקם עדות ביעקב ותורה שם בישראל אשר צוה את-אבותינו-- להודיעם לבניהם | 5 |
He gave laws and commandments to the Israeli people, [those who are the descendants of] Jacob [DOU], and he told our ancestors to teach them to their children
| למען ידעו דור אחרון--בנים יולדו יקמו ויספרו לבניהם | 6 |
in order that their children would [also] know them and then they would teach them to their children.
| וישימו באלהים כסלם ולא ישכחו מעללי-אל ומצותיו ינצרו | 7 |
In that way, they also would trust in God, and not forget the things that he has done; instead, they would obey his commandments.
| ולא יהיו כאבותם-- דור סורר ומרה דור לא-הכין לבו ולא-נאמנה את-אל רוחו | 8 |
They would not be like their ancestors, who were very stubborn and kept rebelling [against God]; they did not continue firmly trusting in God, and they did not worship only him.
| בני-אפרים נושקי רומי-קשת הפכו ביום קרב | 9 |
[The soldiers of] the tribe of Ephraim had bows [and arrows] but they ran away [from their enemies] on the day that they fought a battle with their enemies.
| לא שמרו ברית אלהים ובתורתו מאנו ללכת | 10 |
They did not do what they had agreed with God that they would do; they refused to obey his laws.
| וישכחו עלילותיו ונפלאותיו אשר הראם | 11 |
They forgot what he had done; they forgot about the miracles that they had seen him perform.
| נגד אבותם עשה פלא בארץ מצרים שדה-צען | 12 |
While our ancestors were watching, God performed miracles in the area around Zoan [city] in Egypt.
| בקע ים ויעבירם ויצב-מים כמו-נד | 13 |
[Then] he caused the [Red] Sea to divide, causing the water [on each side] to pile up like a wall, with the result that [our ancestors] walked through it [on dry ground].
| וינחם בענן יומם וכל-הלילה באור אש | 14 |
He led them by a [bright] cloud during the day and by a fiery light during the night.
| יבקע צרים במדבר וישק כתהמות רבה | 15 |
He split rocks open in the desert, giving to our ancestors plenty of water from deep inside the earth.
| ויוצא נוזלים מסלע ויורד כנהרות מים | 16 |
He caused a stream of water to flow from the rock; the water flowed like a river [DOU].
| ויוסיפו עוד לחטא-לו-- למרות עליון בציה | 17 |
But [our ancestors] continued to sin against God; in the desert they rebelled against the one who is greater than any other god.
| וינסו-אל בלבבם-- לשאל-אכל לנפשם | 18 |
By demanding that God give them the food that they desired, they tried to find out if he would always do what they requested him to do.
| וידברו באלהים אמרו היוכל אל--לערך שלחן במדבר | 19 |
They insulted God by saying, “We don’t think he can supply food for us [here] in this desert!
| הן הכה-צור ויזובו מים-- ונחלים ישטפו הגם-לחם יוכל תת אם-יכין שאר לעמו | 20 |
[It is true that] he struck the rock, with the result that water gushed/flowed out, [but] (can he also provide bread and meat for [us], his people?/we doubt that he can also provide bread and meat for us, his people.)” [RHQ]
| לכן שמע יהוה-- ויתעבר ואש נשקה ביעקב וגם-אף עלה בישראל | 21 |
So, when Yahweh heard that, he became very angry, and he sent a fire to burn up [some of] his Israeli [people]. [MTY, DOU]
| כי לא האמינו באלהים ולא בטחו בישועתו | 22 |
[He did that] because they did not trust in him, and they did not believe that he would rescue them.
| ויצו שחקים ממעל ודלתי שמים פתח | 23 |
But God spoke to the sky above them; he commanded it to open [like] a door,
| וימטר עליהם מן לאכל ודגן-שמים נתן למו | 24 |
and [then food] fell down like rain, [food which they named] ‘manna’; God gave them grain from (heaven/the sky).
| לחם אבירים אכל איש צידה שלח להם לשבע | 25 |
[So] the people ate the food that angels eat, [and] God gave to them all the manna that they wanted.
| יסע קדים בשמים וינהג בעזו תימן | 26 |
[Later], he caused the wind to blow from the east, and by his power he also sent wind from the south,
| וימטר עליהם כעפר שאר וכחול ימים עוף כנף | 27 |
and the wind brought birds which were as numerous as the grains of sand on the seashore.
| ויפל בקרב מחנהו סביב למשכנתיו | 28 |
God caused those birds to fall [dead] in the middle of (their camp)/the area where the people had put up their tents. [There were dead birds] all around their tents.
| ויאכלו וישבעו מאד ותאותם יבא להם | 29 |
[So] the people [cooked the birds and] ate the meat and their stomachs were full, because God had given them what they wanted.
| לא-זרו מתאותם עוד אכלם בפיהם | 30 |
But before they had eaten all that they wanted, and while they were still eating it,
| ואף אלהים עלה בהם ויהרג במשמניהם ובחורי ישראל הכריע | 31 |
God was [still] very angry with them, and he caused their strongest men to die; he got rid of [many of] the finest [young] Israeli men.
| בכל-זאת חטאו-עוד ולא-האמינו בנפלאותיו | 32 |
In spite of all that, the people continued to sin; in spite of all the miracles that God had performed, they still did not trust that he [would take care of them].
| ויכל-בהבל ימיהם ושנותם בבהלה | 33 |
So, he caused their lives to end as quickly as a puff of wind ends; they died when disasters suddenly struck them.
| אם-הרגם ודרשוהו ושבו ושחרו-אל | 34 |
When God caused [some of] them to die, [the others] turned to God; they repented and earnestly asked God [to save them].
| ויזכרו כי-אלהים צורם ואל עליון גאלם | 35 |
They remembered that God is [like] a huge rock ledge [under which they would be safe] [MET], and that he, who was greater than any other god, is the one who protected/rescued them.
| ויפתוהו בפיהם ובלשונם יכזבו-לו | 36 |
But they [tried to] deceive God by what they said [MTY]; their words [MTY] were [all] lies.
| ולבם לא-נכון עמו ולא נאמנו בבריתו | 37 |
They were not loyal to him; they disregarded/ignored the agreement that he had made with them.
| והוא רחום יכפר עון-- ולא-ישחית והרבה להשיב אפו ולא-יעיר כל-חמתו | 38 |
But God was merciful to his people. He forgave them for having sinned and did not get rid of them. Many times he refrained from becoming angry [with them] and restrained from furiously/severely [punishing them] [MTY].
| ויזכר כי-בשר המה רוח הולך ולא ישוב | 39 |
He remembered/considered that they were only humans who die; they [disappear quickly] [SIM], like a wind that blows by and then is gone.
| כמה ימרוהו במדבר יעציבוהו בישימון | 40 |
Many times our ancestors rebelled against God in the desert and caused him to become very sad.
| וישובו וינסו אל וקדוש ישראל התוו | 41 |
Many times they did evil things, to find out [if they could do those things without God punishing them]. They frequently caused the holy God of Israel to become disgusted/sad.
| לא-זכרו את-ידו יום אשר-פדם מני-צר | 42 |
They forgot about his [great] power, and they (forgot/did not think) about the time when he rescued them from their enemies.
| אשר-שם במצרים אתותיו ומופתיו בשדה-צען | 43 |
They forgot about when he performed many miracles in the area near Zoan [city] in Egypt.
| ויהפך לדם יאריהם ונזליהם בל-ישתיון | 44 |
He caused the [Nile] River (OR, their sources of water) to become [red like] blood, with the result that the people of Egypt had no water to drink.
| ישלח בהם ערב ויאכלם וצפרדע ותשחיתם | 45 |
He sent among the people of Egypt swarms of flies that bit them, and he sent frogs that ate up everything.
| ויתן לחסיל יבולם ויגיעם לארבה | 46 |
He sent locusts to eat their crops and the other things that grew in their fields.
| יהרג בברד גפנם ושקמותם בחנמל | 47 |
He sent hail that destroyed the grapevines, and sent frost that ruined the figs.
| ויסגר לברד בעירם ומקניהם לרשפים | 48 |
He sent hail that killed their cattle and sent lightning that killed their sheep and cows.
| ישלח-בם חרון אפו--עברה וזעם וצרה משלחת מלאכי רעים | 49 |
Because God was fiercely angry with the people of Egypt, he caused them to be very distressed. The disasters that struck them were like a group of angels that destroyed [everything].
| יפלס נתיב לאפו לא-חשך ממות נפשם וחיתם לדבר הסגיר | 50 |
He did not lessen his being angry [with them], and he did not (spare their lives/prevent them from dying); he sent a (plague/serious illness) that killed [many of] them.
| ויך כל-בכור במצרים ראשית אונים באהלי-חם | 51 |
He also caused all the firstborn sons of the people of Egypt to die.
| ויסע כצאן עמו וינהגם כעדר במדבר | 52 |
Then he led his people out [of Egypt] like [a shepherd leads] his sheep [SIM], and he guided them [while they walked] through the desert.
| וינחם לבטח ולא פחדו ואת-אויביהם כסה הים | 53 |
He led them safely, and they were not afraid, but their enemies were drowned in the sea.
| ויביאם אל-גבול קדשו הר-זה קנתה ימינו | 54 |
[Later] he brought them to [Canaan], his sacred land, to [Zion] Hill (OR, the hilly area) and by his power [MTY] he enabled them to conquer [the people who were living there].
| ויגרש מפניהם גוים-- ויפילם בחבל נחלה וישכן באהליהם שבטי ישראל | 55 |
He expelled the people-groups while his people were advancing; he allotted part of the land for [each tribe] to possess, and he gave to the Israeli people the houses of those people who had been expelled.
| וינסו וימרו את-אלהים עליון ועדותיו לא שמרו | 56 |
However, the Israeli people rebelled against God, who is greater than any other god, and they did many evil things to see if they could do those things without God punishing them, and they did not obey his commandments.
| ויסגו ויבגדו כאבותם נהפכו כקשת רמיה | 57 |
Instead, like their ancestors did, they rebelled against God and (were not loyal to/did not faithfully [obey]) him; they were as [unreliable as] a crooked arrow [that does not go straight] [SIM].
| ויכעיסוהו בבמותם ובפסיליהם יקניאוהו | 58 |
Because they [worshiped] carved images of their gods on the tops of hills, they caused God to become angry [DOU].
| שמע אלהים ויתעבר וימאס מאד בישראל | 59 |
He saw what they were doing and became very angry, so he rejected the Israeli people.
| ויטש משכן שלו אהל שכן באדם | 60 |
He no longer appeared to them at Shiloh in the tent where he had lived among them.
| ויתן לשבי עזו ותפארתו ביד-צר | 61 |
He allowed their enemies to capture [the sacred chest], [which was the symbol of] his power and his glory.
| ויסגר לחרב עמו ובנחלתו התעבר | 62 |
Because he was angry with his people, he allowed them to be killed [MTY] [by their enemies].
| בחוריו אכלה-אש ובתולתיו לא הוללו | 63 |
Young men were killed in battles, with the result that the young women had no one to marry.
| כהניו בחרב נפלו ואלמנתיו לא תבכינה | 64 |
[Many] priests were killed by [their enemies’] swords, and (the people did not allow the priests’ widows/the priests’ widows were not allowed) to mourn.
| ויקץ כישן אדני כגבור מתרונן מיין | 65 |
Later, [it was as though] the Lord awoke from sleeping; he was like a strong man who (became stimulated/felt that he was strong) by (OR, became sober after) [drinking] a lot of wine [SIM].
| ויך-צריו אחור חרפת עולם נתן למו | 66 |
He pushed their enemies back and caused them to be [very] ashamed for a long time [HYP] [because they had been defeated].
| וימאס באהל יוסף ובשבט אפרים לא בחר | 67 |
[But] he did not set up his tent where [the people of] the tribe of Ephraim lived; he did not choose their area [to do that].
| ויבחר את-שבט יהודה את-הר ציון אשר אהב | 68 |
Instead he chose [the area where] the tribe of Judah [lived]; he chose Zion Hill, which he loves.
| ויבן כמו-רמים מקדשו כארץ יסדה לעולם | 69 |
He [decided to have] his temple built [there], high up, like [his home in] heaven; he caused it to be firm, [and intended that] his temple would last forever, like the earth.
| ויבחר בדוד עבדו ויקחהו ממכלאת צאן | 70 |
He chose David, who served him [faithfully], and took him from the pastures
| מאחר עלות הביאו לרעות ביעקב עמו ובישראל נחלתו | 71 |
where he was taking care of his [father’s] sheep, and appointed him to be the leader [MET] of the Israeli people, the people who belong to God.
| וירעם כתם לבבו ובתבונות כפיו ינחם | 72 |
David took care of the Israeli people sincerely and wholeheartedly, and guided them skillfully/wisely.
