πρός,
preposition, expressing direction,
A)
on the side of, in the direction of, hence with
genitive,
dative, and
accusative,
from, at, to:
Epic dialect also
προτί and
ποτί, in [
Refs 8th c.BC+] usually with
accusative, more rarely with
dative, and each only once with
genitive, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]:—dialectal forms:
Doric dialectποτί (which see) and
ποί, but Cretan dialect
πορτί [
Refs], Argive
προτ(ί) [
Refs 7th c.BC+]
πός [
Refs 4th c.BC+], also sometimes in Asia Minor in compounds, see at {ποσάγω},{ποσφέρω};
Aeolic dialect πρός [
Refs 7th c.BC+];
πρές [
Refs 6th c.AD+]; Pamphylian περτ (ί) [
Refs] (With
προτί,
πρός cf. Sanskrit
práti 'towards, near to, against, back, etc.', Slavonic
protiv[ucaron], Lett.
pret 'against', Latin
pretium:
ποτί (which see) and
πός are not
cognate) [
Refs 4th c.BC+] refers to that
from which something comes:
A.I) of Place,
from, ἵκετο ἠὲ π. ἠοίων ἦ ἑσπερίων ἀνθρώπων [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
A.I.2)
on the side of, towards, νήσοισι πρὸς Ἤλιδος
towards Elis, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. ἁλός, π. Θύμβρης, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; φυλακαὶ π. Αἰθιόπων, π. Ἀραβίων, π. Διβύης,
on the frontier towards the Ethiopians, etc, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] one
on the north
side, the other
on the south
side, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. τοῦ Τμώλου τετραμμένον τῆς πόλιος (in such phrases the
accusative is more common) [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀπὸ τῆσδε τῆς ὁδοῦ τὸ π. τοῦ λιμένος ἅπαν everything
on the harbour-
ward side of this road, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.I.3)
before, in presence of, μάρτυροι ἔστων π. τε θεῶν μακάρων π. τε θνητῶν ἀνθρώπων [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ποίτοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος. ὑπίσχομαι probably in [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
A.I.3.b)
in the eyes of, ἄδικον οὐδὲν οὔτε π. θεῶν οὔτε π. ἀνθρώπων [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὅσιος π. θεῶν Legal cited in [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; κατειπάτω. ἁγνῶς π. τοῦ θεοῦ if he wishes to be pure
in the sight of the god, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ γὰρ καιρὸς π. ἀνθρώπων βραχὺ μέτρον ἔχει [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.I.4) in supplication or adjuration,
before, and so,
in the name of, σε. γουνάζομαι. π. τ᾽ ἀλόχου καὶ πατρός [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἱκετεύω, ἀντιβολῶ π. παίδων, π. γυναικῶν, etc, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: less frequently with other words, π. τῆς ἑστίας [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: sometimes in questions, π. θεῶν, τίς οὕτως εὐήθης ἐστί;
in heaven's
name, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: sometimes in Trag. with the
pronoun σε between
preposition and case, π. νύν σε πατρὸς π. τε μητρός. ἱκνοῦμαι [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.I.5) of origin or descent,
from, on the side of, γένος ἐξ Ἁλικαρνησσοῦ τὰ π. πατρός
by the father's
side, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; πρόγονοι ἢ π. ἀνδρῶν ἢ γυναικῶν
in the male or female
line, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ π. αἵματος blood-relations, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.II) of effects
proceeding from what cause soever:
A.II.1)
from, at the hand of, with Verbs of having, receiving, etc, ὡς ἂν. τιμὴν καὶ κῦδος ἄρηαι π. πάντων Δαναῶν [
Refs 8th c.BC+] to have been taught
by, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; αἴσχε᾽ ἀκούω π. Τρώων[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; also λόγου οὐδενὸς γίνεσθαι π. τινῶν [
Refs]; παθεῖν τι π. τινός
at the hand of,[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τῆς τύχης ὄλωλεν[
Refs 5th c.BC+]: with an
adjective or
substantive, τιμήεσσα π. πόσιος [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἄρκεσις π. ἀνδρός, δόξα π. ἀνθρώπων, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
adverb, οἶμαι γὰρ ἂν οὐκ ἀχαρίστως μοι ἔχειν οὔτε π. ὑμῶν οὔτε π. τῆς Ἑλλάδος I shall meet with no ingratitude
at your
hands, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.II.2) of things, π. τίνος ποτ᾽ αἰτίας [τέθνηκεν];
from of
by what cause? [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἀμπλακημάτων
by or
by reason of, [
Refs]
A.III) of dependence or close connexion: hence,
A.III.1)
dependent on one,
under one's
protection, π. Διός εἰσι ξεῖνοί τε πτωχοί τε [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; δικασπόλοι, οἵ τε θέμιστας π. Διὸς εἰρύαται
by commission from him, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. ἄλλης ἱστὸν ὑφαίνοις
at the bidding of another, [
Refs]
A.III.2)
on one's
side, in one's
favour, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.IV) of that which is
derivable from: hence,
agreeable to, becoming, like, τὰ τοιαῦτα ἔργα οὐ π. τοῦ ἅπαντος ἀνδρὸς νενόμικα γίνεσθαι, ἀλλὰπ. ψυχῆς τε ἀγαθῆς καὶ ῥώμης ἀνδρηΐης [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἦ κάρτα π. γυναικὸς αἴρεσθαι κέαρ 'tis very
like a woman, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. δίκης οὐδὲν τρέμων
agreeably to justice, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐάν τι ἡμῖν π. λόγου ᾖ if it be at all
to our purpose, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
correctly, [
Refs]; but π. τρόπου τι ὠνεῖσθαι buy
at a reasonable price, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. ἀγαθοῦ, π. κακοῦ τινί ἐστι or γίγνεται, it is
to one's advantage or otherwise, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. ἀτιμίας λαβεῖν τι to take a thing
as an insult, regard it so, [
Refs 1st c.AD+]; λαβεῖν τι π. ὀργῆς (variant{ὀργήν}) [
Refs 1st c.AD+]; τῷ δήμῳ π. αἰσχύνης ἂν ἦν, π. ὀνείδους ἂν ἦν τῇ πόλει, [
Refs 4th c.AD+]
B) WITH DAT, it expresses proximity,
hard by, near, at, ποτὶ γαίῃ [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ποτὶ δρυσίν
among the oaks, [
Refs]; πρὸς ἄκμονι χαλκεύειν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἄγκυραν ποτὶ ναΐ κρημνάντων[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; θακεῖν π. ναοῖς[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐς μάχην καθίστασθαι π. (variant ὑπ᾽) αὐτῇ τῇ πόλει [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ π. Αἰγίνῃ στράτευμα
off Aegina, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; Αίβυες οἱ π. Αἰγύπτῳ
bordering on, [
Refs]; τὸ π. ποσί that which is
close to the feet,
before one, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; θρηνεῖν ἐπῳδὰς π. πήματι
over it, [
Refs]; αἱ π. τῇ βάσει γωνίαι the angles
at the base, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
B.2)
before, in the presence of, π. τοῖς θεσμοθέταις, π. τῷ διαιτητῇ λέγειν, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
B.3) with Verbs denoting
motion towards a place,
upon, against, ποτὶ δὲ σκῆπτρον βάλε γαίῃ [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; λιαζόμενον ποτὶ γαίῃ sinking
on the ground, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
B.4) sometimes with a notion of
clinging closely, προτὶ οἷ λάβε clasped
to him, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. δμῳαῖσι κλίνομαι fall
into the arms of, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
close to, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
B.II) to express close engagement,
at the point of, π. αὐτῷ γ᾽ εἰμὶ τῷ δεινῷ λέγειν [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
engaged in or
about, π. τῷ εἰρημένῳ λόγῳ ἦν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; διατρίβειν or σχολάζειν π. τινί, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὴν διάνοιαν, τὴν γνώμην ἔχειν π. τινί, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; κατατάξαι αὐτὸν π. γράμμασιν, i.e. give him a post as clerk, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ὁ π. τοῖς γράμμασι τεταγμένος [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]
B.III) to express union or addition, once in [
Refs 8th c.BC+] and
besides them sleep, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
in addition to, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; π. ταῖς ἡμετέραις [τριήρεσι] [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; κυβερνήτης π. τῇ σκυτοτομίᾳ
in addition to his trade of leather-cutter, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
besides his youth, [
Refs]; π. τούτοισι
besides this, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; rarely in
singular, π. τούτῳ [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τοῖς ἄλλοις
besides all the rest, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C) WITH ACCU[
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.I) of Place,
towards, to, with Verbs of Motion, ἰέναι π. Ὄλυμπον [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἰέναι π. δώματα, etc, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ῥίπτασκε ποτὶ νέφεα [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀπῆλθε πρὸς ἑαυτόν returned
to his home, [
LXX]; κληθῆναι π. τὸ δεῖπνον (rarer than ἐπὶ δεῖπνον) [
Refs 1st c.AD+]
C.I.2) with Verbs implying previous motion,
upon, against, π. τεῖχος, π. κίονα ἐρείσας, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; χῶρον π. αὐτὸν τόνδ᾽ uncertain in [
LXX+NT]; π. ὑμᾶς παραμενῶ
with you, [
NT]
beside, [
Refs]
C.I.2.b) of addition, ποὶ τὰν στάλαν ποιγραψάνσθω τάδε [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἵππον προσετίθει πρὸς τοὔνομα [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; προσεδαπάνησε π. τὸ μερισθὲν αὐτῷ εἰς τὸ ἔλαιον ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων
over and above the sum allotted to him, [
Refs]; προσετέθη π. τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ was gathered
to his people, [
LXX]
C.I.3) with Verbs of seeing, looking, etc,
towards, ἰδεῖν π. τινά [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὁρᾶν, ἀποβλέπειν π. τι or τινά, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; στάντε ποτὶ πνοιήν
so as to face it, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
against the wind, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; κλαίεσκε π. οὐρανόν cried
to heaven, [
Refs 8th c.BC+] lie
towards the West, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; so in Prose, π. ἠῶ τε καὶ ἡλίου ἀνατολάς [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἥλιον
facing the sun, and so,
in the sun
light, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; so π. λύχνον
by lamp
light, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; π. φῶς
in open day, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; but,
by torch-
light, [
Refs 1st c.AD+]
C.I.4) in hostile sense,
against, π. Τρῶας μάχεαι [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. δαίμονα
against his
will,[
Refs 5th c.BC+]: also in argument,
in reply to, ταῦτα π. τὸν Πιττακὸν εἴρηται [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; and so in the titles of judicial speeches, πρός τινα
in reply to, less strong than κατά τινος
against or
in accusation, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
C.I.5) without any hostile sense, π. ἀλλήλους ἔπεα πτερόεντ᾽ ἀγόρευον [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π.ξεῖνον φάσθαι ἔπος ἠδ᾽ ἐπακοῦσαι [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; λέγειν, εἰπεῖν, φράζειν π. τινά, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὤμοσε δὲ π. ἔμ᾽ αὐτόν he swore
to me, [
Refs 8th c.BC+] sometimes governs the
reflexive pronoun, διαλογίζεσθαι π. ὑμᾶς αὐτούς [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἀναμνήσθητε, ἐνθυμήθητε π. ὑμᾶς αὐτούς, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; μινύρεσθαι, ἄδειν π. ἑαυτόν, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.I.5.b) π. σφέας ἔχειν δοκέουσι, i.e. they think they are pregnant, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.I.6) of various kinds of intercourse or reciprocal action, π. Διομήδεα τεύχε᾽ ἄμειβεν changed arms
with Diomedes, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; σπονδάς, συνθήκας ποιεῖσθαι π. τινά, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; διαλέγεσθαι π. τινά converse
with, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; διαλογίζεσθαι π. τινά balance accounts
with, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἃ ἔχει διελόμενος π. τὸν ἀδελφόν [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
C.I.6.b) in phrases of the form ἡ π. τινὰ εὔνοια (ἔχθρα, etc.), π. sometimes means
towards, as ἡ π. αὑτοὺς φιλία the affection of their wives
towards or
for them, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; φυσικαὶ τοκέων στοργαὶ π. τέκνα ποθεινά [
Refs]: but sometimes
at the hands of, ἡ π. τὸ θεῖον εὐμένεια the favour of the gods, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; φθόνος τοῖς ζῶσι π. τὸ ἀντίπαλον jealousy is incurred by the living
at the hands of their rivals, [
Refs]; τὴν ἀπέχθειαν τὴν π. Θηβαίους. τῇ πόλει γενέσθαι the hostility incurred by Athens
at the hands of the Thebans, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; τῇ φιλίᾳ τῇ π. τὸν τετελευτηκότα the friendship
with (not 'affection
for') the deceased, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τῷ φόβῳ τῷ π. ὑμᾶς the fear
inspired by you, [
Refs]; τῇ π. Ῥωμαίους εὐνοία his popularity
with the Romans, [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]
C.I.7) of legal or other business transacted
before a magistrate, witness, etc, τάδε ὁ σύλλογος ἐβουλεύσατο. π. μνήμονας [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
before a jury, ἔστι δὲ τούτοις μὲν π. ὑμᾶς ἁγών, ὑμῖν δὲ π. ἅπασαν τὴν πόλιν [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
before a witness to whom an appeal for corroboration is made, [
Refs]; φέρρεν αὐτὸν πὸ (τ) τὸν Δία
in the eyes of Zeus, [
Refs]; λαχεῖν πρὸς τὸν ἄρχοντα, γράφεσθαι π. τοὺς θεσμοθέτας, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; θέντων τὰ. ποτήρια. π. Πολύχαρμον having pawned the cups
with P, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; also διαβάλλειν τινὰ π. τοὺς πολλούς [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.II) of Time,
towards or
near a certain time,
at or
about, ποτὶ ἕσπερα [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ποτ᾽ ὄρθρον (nisi to be read πότορθρον) [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π.ἀῶ ἐγρέσθαι, π. ἡμέραν ἐξεγρέσθαι, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. γῆρας, π. τὸ γῆρας,
in old age, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. εὐάνθεμον φυάν
in the bloom of life, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; μέχρις ὅτου π. γυναῖκας ὦσι, i.e.of marriageable age, [
Refs]
for the moment, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]; see below 111.5.
C.III) of Relation between two objects,
C.III.1)
in reference to, in respect of, touching, τὰ π. τὸν πόλεμον military matters, equipments, etc, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ π. τὸν βασιλέα our
relations to the King, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; τὰ π. βασιλέα πράγματα the negotiations
with the King, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ π. τοὺς θεούς our relations, i.e. duties,
to the gods, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
in respect of, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἕτερος λόγος, οὐ π. ἐμέ that is another matter, and does not
concern me, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τῶν φορέτρων ὄντων π. ἐμέ freightage shall be my
concern, i.e.
borne by me, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]; π. τοῦτον ἦν ἡ τῶν διαφόρων πρᾶξις [
LXX]; ἐὰν. βοᾷ καὶ σχετλιάζῃ μηδὲν π. τὸ πρᾶγμα,
nihil ad rem, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; οὐδὲν π. τὸν Διόνυσον Prov. cited in [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]; οὐδὲν αὐτῷ π. τὴν πόλιν ἐστίν he owes no reckoning
to the State, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἔσται αὐτῷ π. τὸν Θεόν (i.e. ὁ λόγος) he shall have to reckon
with God, [
Refs]; ἔσται π. τὴν Τριάδαν [
Refs]; π. πολλοὺς ἔχων ἀγωνιστάς [
Refs] see at {ὅσα μῦς ἐν πίσσῃ},[
NT+5th c.BC+]; [τὸ or τὰ] πρός τι, the
relative term or terms, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; τὸ π. τι, [
Refs 4th c.BC+] name for
two, [
Refs]; π. ἡμᾶς
relatively to us, opposed to ἁπλῶς, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὀρθὸς πρός or ποτί with
accusative, perpendicular
to, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
C.III.2)
in reference to, in consequence of, πρὸς τοῦτο τὸ κήρυγμα [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τὴν φήμην
in view of, [
Refs 5th c.BC+], etc: with
neuter pronoun, π. τ;
wherefore? to what end? [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. οὐδέν
for nothing, in vain, [
Refs]; π. οὐδὲν ἀναγκαῖον unnecessarily, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
therefore, this being so, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.III.3)
in reference to or
for a purpose, ἕστηκεν. μῆλα π. σφαγάς [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; χρήσιμος, ἱκανὸς π. τι, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ποιεῖ π. ἐπιλημπτικούς is efficacious
for cases of epilepsy, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.III.3.b)
with a view to or
for a future time, ὅπως. γράμματα δῷ π. ἢν ἂν ἡμέραν ἑκάτεροι παραγίνωνται [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]; θαυμάζεται τὰ Περικλέους ἔργα π. πολὺν χρόνον ἐν ὀλίγῳ γενόμενα [
Refs 1st c.AD+]
C.III.3.c) ={πρός} [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.III.4)
in proportion or
relation to, in comparison with, κοῖός τις δοκέοι ἀνὴρ εἶναι π. τὸν πατέρα Κῦρον [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τὰς μεγίστας καὶ ἐλαχίστας ναῦς τὸ μέσον σκοπεῖν the mean
between, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; πρὸς παρεὸν. μῆτις ἀέξεται ἀνθρώποισι
in proportion to the existing (physical development), [
Refs 5th c.BC+] sells twice
against or
relatively to silver, i.e. for twice its weight in silver, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; [ἡ μαργαρῖτις λίθος] πωλεῖται. π. χρυσίον
for its weight in gold, Androsthenes cited in [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὅπως π. τὰς τιμὰς τῶν κριθῶν τὰ ἄλφιτα πωλήσουσι
on the basis of the price of barley, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἐξέστω αὐτοῦ ἀπογραφὴ τῆς οὐσίας π. τοῦτο τὸ ἀργύριον Ἀθηναίων τῷ βουλομένῳ property
equal in value to this silver, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; τῶν ἐγγύων τῶν ἐγγυωμένων π. [αὐτὰ] τὰ κτήματα [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; θέντων τὰ ποτήρια π. χρυσοῦς ἑκατόν [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; τοὺς ἀπαγομένους εἰς φυλακὴν π. τὰ χρέα imprisoned
for debt, [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]; τοὺς π. καταδίκας ἐκπεπτωκότας [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]; ἐγδίδομεν τὸ ἔργον. π. χαλκόν [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; οἷον π. ἀργύριον τὴν δόξαν τὰς ψυχὰς ἀποδιδόμενοι [
Refs 4th c.AD+]; π. ἅλας ἠγορασμένος, i.e. 'dirt cheap', [
Refs 4th c.BC+] i.e. dine frugally, take pot-luck, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; of measurements of time
by the flow from the clepsydra, π. ἕνδεκα ἀμφορέας ἐν διαμεμετρημένῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ κρίνομαι [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. κλεψύδραν Eub.p.182 K, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; hence later, π. ὀλίγον
for a short time, ἐπανεῖναι π. ὀλίγον τὴν πολιορκίαν [
Refs 1st c.AD+]; π.ὀλίγον καιρόν, χρόνον, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
Prooem; π. ὀλίγον ἐστὶ τὸ ζῆν poetical in [
Refs]; π. βραχύ [
Refs 4th c.AD+] (
by) a little past their best, [
Refs 1st c.AD+]; π.μόνην τὴν ἐνεστῶσαν ἡμέραν [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
C.III.5)
in or
by reference to, according to, in view of, π. τὸ παρεὸν βουλεύεσθαι [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοῖς π. ὑμᾶς ζῶσι those who live
with your
interests in view, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; τὸ παιδεύεσθαι π. τὰς πολιτείας
suitably to them, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὁρῶ. ἅπαντας π. τὴν παροῦσαν δύναμιν τῶν δικαίων ἀξιουμένους
according to their power, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
according to, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; πὸς τὰς συνθέσις
in accordance with the agreements, [
Refs 4th c.AD+]; τὸν δικαστὰν ὀμνύντα κρῖναι πορτὶ τὰ μωλιόμενα
having regard to the pleadings, [
Refs], compare 9.30; αἱ ἀρχαὶ. πρὸς τὰ κατεσκευασμένα σύμβολα σηκώματα ποιησάμεναι after making weights and measures
in accordance with, or
by reference to, the established standards, [
Refs]; π. τὰ στάθμια τὰ ἐν τῷ ἀργυροκοπίῳ
as measured by the weights in the mint, [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]; [Εόλων] ἐποίησε σταθμὰ π. τὸ νόμισμα made (trade-) weights
on the basis of (i.e.
proportional to) the coinage, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. τὸ δικαιότατον
in accordance with the most just principle, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
C.III.6)
with the accompaniment of musical instruments, π. κάλαμον [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. αὐλόν or τὸν αὐλόν, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ῥυθμὸν ἐμβαίνειν to step
in time, [
Refs 1st c.BC+]
C.III.7)
πρός c.
accusative frequently
periphrastic for
adverb, π. βίαν, = βιαίως,
under compulsion, νῦν χρὴ. τινα π. βίαν πώνην [
Refs 7th c.BC+]; ἥκω. π. βίαν
under compulsion, [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
by force, forcibly, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; οὐ π. βίαν τινός not
forced by any one, [
Refs] (but also,
in spite of any one, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἀλκήν, π. ἀνάγκαν, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἡδονὴν λέγειν, δημηγορεῖν,
so as to please, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; λούσασθαι τὸ σῶμα π. ἡδ.
as much or little as one like s, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τὸ τερπνόν
calculated to delight, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. χάριν
so as to gratify, μήτε π. ἔχθραν ποιεῖσθαι λόγον μήτε π. χ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+] with
genitive _of things_, π. χάριν τινός
for the sake of, π. χ. βορᾶς [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
by means of, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ὀργήν
with anger, angrily, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τὸ λιπαρές importunately, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. καιρόν seasonably, [
Refs]; π. εὐτέλειαν cheaply, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. μέρος
in due proportion, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; τέτραπτο π. ἰθύ οἱ straight
towards him, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. ὀρθὰς (i.e. γωνίας (. τῇ AEB
at right angles to, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. ἀχθηδόνα, π. ἀπέχθειαν, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]; γυνὴ π. ἀλήθειαν οὖσα
in truth a woman, a
very woman, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
in the highest degree, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.III.8) of Numbers.
up to, about, [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]
D) AB[
Refs 5th c.BC+] AS
adverb,
besides, over and above; in [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; frequently at the end of a second clause, τάδε λέγω, δράσω τε π. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
E) IN COMPOSITION (joined with other words),
E.I) motion
towards, as προσάγω, προσέρχομαι, etc.
E.II) addition,
besides, as προσκτάομαι, προσδίδωμι, προστίθημι, etc.
E.III) a being
on, at, by, or
beside: hence,
a remaining beside, and
metaphorically connexion and engagement with anything, as πρόσειμι, προσγίγνομαι, etc.
F) REMARKS,
F.1) in poetry πρός sometimes stands after its case and before an attribute, ποίμνας βουστάσεις τε π. πατρός [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἄστυ πότι (or ποτὶ) σφέτερον [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
F.2) in [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
F.3) sometimes (in violation of the rule given by [
Refs 2nd c.AD+] followed by an
enclitic pronoun, πρός με [
Refs 5th c.BC+]