Exode 22
1 Si un homme vole un bœuf, ou un mouton, et qu’il le tue ou le vende, il restituera cinq bœufs pour le bœuf, et quatre moutons pour le mouton.
Yahweh also said, “If someone steals a bull or a sheep, and then slaughters it [to sell it or to sacrifice it] or sells its [meat to someone else], he must pay five bulls for the bull [that he stole], and [he must pay] four sheep for the sheep [that he stole].
2 Si le voleur est trouvé commettant effraction, et qu’il soit frappé et qu’il meure, il n’y aura pas coulpe de sang pour lui.
If a thief is caught while he is breaking into someone else’s house [at night], if [the one who catches him] kills the thief, he is not guilty of murdering him.
3 Si le soleil est levé sur lui, il y aura coulpe de sang pour lui: il aurait fait pleine compensation; s’il n’avait rien eu, il aurait été vendu pour son vol.
But if that happens during the daytime, [the one who killed the thief] is guilty of murdering him. The thief must pay for what he stole. If he has no [animals with which to pay for the one that he stole], he must be sold to [become someone’s else’s slave and the money must be used] to pay for what he stole.
4 Si ce qui a été volé est trouvé vivant entre ses mains, soit bœuf, soit âne, soit mouton, il fera compensation au double.
If the thief still has the animal when he is caught, whether it is a bull or a donkey or a sheep, and it is still alive, the thief must give back [the stolen animal as well as giving] two [additional] animals for each one that he stole.
5 Si un homme fait brouter un champ ou une vigne, et envoie son bétail et qu’il broute dans le champ d’autrui, il fera compensation, du meilleur de son champ et du meilleur de sa vigne.
If someone allows his animals to (graze/eat the grass) in his field or in his vineyard, and if they stray away and eat the crops in another person’s field, the owner of the animals must pay [the owner of those crops] by giving him the best crops from his own field or vineyard.
6 Si le feu sort et trouve des épines, et qu’un tas de gerbes, ou du blé sur pied, ou le champ, soit consumé, celui qui aura allumé l’incendie fera pleine compensation.
Suppose someone starts a fire in his own field, and the fire spreads through the grass and starts burning in someone else’s field, and the fire burns grain that is growing or grain that is already [cut and] stacked. Then the person who started the fire must pay completely for the damage.
7 Si quelqu’un donne à son prochain de l’argent ou des objets à garder, et qu’ils soient volés de la maison de cet homme, si le voleur est trouvé, il fera compensation au double.
Suppose someone gives to another person some money or other valuable goods and asks him to guard them [in his house for a while]. If those things are stolen from that person’s house, if the thief is caught, he must pay back twice [as much as he stole].
8 Si le voleur n’est pas trouvé, le maître de la maison sera amené devant les juges, [pour jurer] s’il n’a pas mis sa main sur le bien de son prochain.
But if the thief is not caught, the owner of the house [from which the things were stolen] must stand before the judges, so that the judges can determine whether [the owner of the house] was the one who took the other man’s goods [and sold them to someone else].
9 Dans toute affaire d’infidélité touchant un bœuf, touchant un âne, touchant un mouton, touchant un vêtement, touchant toute chose perdue dont on dira: C’est cela, – l’affaire des deux [parties] viendra devant les juges; celui que les juges condamneront fera compensation au double à son prochain.
If two people argue about which one of them owns a bull or a donkey or a sheep or some clothing, or something else that has been lost, the two people who each claim/say that the item belongs to them must stand before the judges. The one whom the judges declare is lying must pay back [to the real owner] twice as many bulls or donkeys or sheep or pieces of clothing.
10 Si un homme donne à garder à son prochain un âne, ou un bœuf, ou un mouton, ou une bête quelconque, et que la bête meure, ou qu’elle se soit fait une fracture, ou qu’on l’ait emmenée, sans que personne l’ait vu,
Suppose someone gives his donkey or bull or sheep or some other animal to someone else and asks him to take care of it [for a while], and the animal dies or is injured or is stolen while no one is watching.
11 le serment de l’Éternel interviendra entre les deux [parties], [pour jurer] s’il n’a pas mis sa main sur le bien de son prochain; et le maître de la [bête] l’acceptera, et celui-là ne fera pas compensation;
Then the person [who was taking care of the animal] must (swear/solemnly declare), knowing that God is listening, that he did not steal the animal. If he did not steal it the owner of the animal must accept/believe that the other person is telling the truth, and the other person will not have to pay anything back to the owner.
12 mais, si réellement elle lui a été volée, il fera compensation au maître:
But if the animal was stolen [while he was supposed to be taking care of it], the man who promised to take care of it must pay back the owner for the animal.
13 si elle a été déchirée, il l’apportera en témoignage; il ne compensera pas ce qui a été déchiré.
If [he says that] the animal was killed by wild animals, he must bring back the remains of the animal that was killed and show it to the animal’s owner. If he does that, he will not have to pay anything for the animal.
14 Et si un homme a emprunté [une bête] à son prochain, et qu’elle se fasse une fracture, ou qu’elle meure, et que son maître n’ait pas été avec elle, il fera certainement compensation.
If someone borrows an animal, and if that animal is hurt or dies when its owner is not there, the one who borrowed it must pay the owner for the animal.
15 Si son maître était avec elle, il ne fera pas compensation; si elle a été louée, elle sera venue pour son louage.
But if that happens when the owner of the animal is there, the one who borrowed it will not have to pay back anything. If the man who borrowed it only rented it, the money that he paid to rent it will be enough to pay for the animal [dying or being injured].”
16 Et si un homme séduit une vierge non fiancée, et couche avec elle, il la prendra pour sa femme, en payant une dot.
“If a man persuades a girl/woman to have sex with him, a girl/woman who (is a virgin/has never had sex with any man) and who is not engaged to be married, he must pay the bride price for her and marry her.
17 Si son père refuse absolument de la lui donner, il [lui] pèsera de l’argent selon la dot des vierges.
But if her father refuses to allow her to marry him, he must pay to the woman’s father the amount of money that is equal to the amount of bride price money that men pay for virgins.
18 Tu ne laisseras point vivre la magicienne.
You must execute any woman who (practices sorcery/is a shaman).
19 Quiconque couche avec une bête sera certainement mis à mort.
You must execute any person who has sex with an animal.
20 Celui qui sacrifie à un dieu, si ce n’est à l’Éternel seul, sera voué à la destruction.
You [must offer sacrifices] only to Yahweh. You must execute anyone who offers a sacrifice to any [other] god.
21 Tu ne traiteras pas mal et tu n’opprimeras pas l’étranger; car vous avez été étrangers dans le pays d’Égypte.
You must not mistreat a foreigner [who comes to live among you]. Do not forget that you were previously foreigners in Egypt.
22 Vous n’affligerez aucune veuve, ni aucun orphelin.
You must not mistreat any widow or any orphan.
23 Si, en quoi que ce soit, tu les affliges, et qu’ils crient à moi, certainement j’ entendrai leur cri;
If you mistreat them and they cry out to me [for help], I will hear them.
24 et ma colère s’embrasera, et je vous tuerai par l’épée, et vos femmes seront veuves, et vos enfants orphelins.
And I will be angry with you, and I will cause you to be killed in a war [MTY]. Your wives will become widows, and your children will no longer have fathers.
25 Si tu prêtes de l’argent à mon peuple, au pauvre qui est avec toi, tu ne seras pas avec lui comme un usurier; vous ne lui imposerez pas d’intérêt.
If you lend money to any of my people who are poor, do not act like a moneylender and require him to pay interest on the money.
26 Si tu prends en gage le vêtement de ton prochain, tu le lui rendras avant que le soleil soit couché;
If he gives you his cloak to guarantee [that he will pay the money back], you must give the cloak back to him before the sun goes down,
27 car c’est sa seule couverture, son vêtement pour sa peau: dans quoi coucherait-il? Il arrivera que, quand il criera à moi, je l’écouterai; car je suis miséricordieux.
because he needs it to keep him warm [during the night]. (That is the only covering that poor people have when they sleep at night./What else will he cover himself with during the night?) [RHQ] [If you do not act mercifully toward him by returning his cloak], when he cries out to me asking for my help, I will help him, because I [always act] mercifully.
28 Tu n’outrageras pas les juges, et tu ne maudiras pas le prince de ton peuple.
Do not (revile/speak evil about) me, and do not (curse/ask me to do harmful things to) any ruler of your people.
29 Tu ne différeras point [à m’offrir de] l’abondance de ton [grenier] et de ce qui coule de ton pressoir. Le premier-né de tes fils, tu me le donneras.
(Do not withhold from/Give) me the best parts of the grain that you harvest and of the olive oil and the wine that you produce.
30 Tu feras ainsi de ton bœuf et de ton menu bétail: il sera sept jours avec sa mère; le huitième jour, tu me le donneras.
You must dedicate your firstborn sons to me. Similarly, your firstborn [male] cattle and sheep belong to me. After those animals are born, allow them to stay with their mothers for seven days. On the eighth day, offer them to me [as a sacrifice].
31 Et vous me serez des hommes saints, et vous ne mangerez point de la chair déchirée aux champs; vous la jetterez aux chiens.
You are people who are (completely dedicated to/set apart for) me. [And I detest] the meat of any animal that has been killed by wild animals. Therefore you should not eat such meat. Instead, throw it where the dogs [can eat it].”
