Deutéronome 19
1 Quand l’Éternel, ton Dieu, aura retranché les nations dont l’Éternel, ton Dieu, te donne le pays, et que tu les auras dépossédées, et que tu habiteras dans leurs villes et dans leurs maisons,
After Yahweh our God has gotten rid of the people-groups from the land that he is giving to you, and after you have expelled them from their cities and you start to live in their houses,
2 tu sépareras pour toi trois villes au milieu de ton pays que l’Éternel, ton Dieu, te donne pour le posséder:
you must divide into three parts the land that he is giving to you. Then choose a city in each part. You must make good roads [in order that people can get to those cities easily]. Someone who kills another person can escape to one of those cities [to be safe/protected].
3 tu t’en prépareras le chemin, et tu diviseras en trois parties le territoire de ton pays que l’Éternel, ton Dieu, te donne en héritage; et ce sera afin que tout homicide s’y enfuie.
4 Et voici ce qui concerne l’homicide qui s’y enfuira, pour qu’il vive: Celui qui aura frappé son prochain sans le savoir, et sans l’avoir haï auparavant,
“This is the rule about someone who has killed another person. If someone (accidentally/without planning to) kills another person who was not his enemy, he may escape to one of those cities and be safe/protected there.
5 comme si quelqu’un va avec son prochain dans la forêt pour couper du bois, et que sa main lève la hache pour couper l’arbre, et que le fer échappe du manche et atteigne son prochain, et qu’il meure: il s’enfuira dans une de ces villes, et il vivra;
For example, if two men go into the forest to cut some wood, if the axe head comes off the handle while one of them is chopping down a tree and the axe head strikes and kills the other man, the man [who was using the axe] will be allowed to run to one of those cities and be safe there, [because the people of that city will protect him].
6 de peur que le vengeur du sang ne poursuive l’homicide pendant que son cœur est échauffé, et qu’il ne l’atteigne, parce que le chemin est long, et ne le frappe à mort, quoiqu’il ne mérite pas la mort, car il ne le haïssait pas auparavant.
Because he accidentally killed someone, and because the man was not his enemy, he can try to run to one of those cities. If there were only one city, it may be a long distance to that city. Then if the relative of the man who was killed [MTY], the man who is supposed/expected to get revenge, is very angry, he may be able to catch the other person before he arrives at that city.
7 C’est pourquoi, je te commande, disant: Sépare-toi trois villes.
[To prevent that from happening], you must choose three cities, not only one, [in order that someone can get to one of those cities quickly].
8 Et si l’Éternel, ton Dieu, étend tes limites, comme il l’a juré à tes pères, et qu’il te donne tout le pays qu’il a promis de donner à tes pères,
“If you do everything that I am today commanding you to do, and if you love Yahweh our God, and if you conduct your lives as he wants you to do, Yahweh our God will give you much more land than you will have when you first occupy it, which is what he promised to do. He will give you all the land which he promised your ancestors that he would give to you. When he gives you that land, you must select three more cities [to which people may escape].
9 parce que tu auras gardé tout ce commandement que je te commande aujourd’hui, pour le pratiquer, en aimant l’Éternel, ton Dieu, et en marchant toujours dans ses voies, alors tu t’ajouteras encore trois villes à ces trois-là,
10 afin que le sang innocent ne soit pas versé au milieu de ton pays, que l’Éternel, ton Dieu, te donne en héritage, et qu’ainsi le sang ne soit pas sur toi.
Do this in order that people who (are innocent/have killed someone else without planning to) will not die, and you will not be guilty for [allowing] them to be executed, in the land that Yahweh is giving to you.
11 Mais si un homme hait son prochain, et lui dresse une embûche, et se lève contre lui et le frappe à mort, en sorte qu’il meure, et qu’il s’enfuie dans l’une de ces villes,
“But suppose someone hates his enemy and hides and waits for that person [to come along the road]. Then [when he passes by, suddenly] he attacks him and murders him. If the attacker flees to one of those cities [to be protected there],
12 alors les anciens de sa ville enverront et le prendront de là, et le livreront en la main du vengeur du sang; et il mourra.
the elders of the city [where the murdered man lived must not protect the attacker. They]. must send someone to the city to which the other man escaped, and bring him to [MTY] the relative who is supposed/expected to get revenge, so that he may execute that man.
13 Ton œil ne l’épargnera point, et tu ôteras d’Israël le sang innocent, et tu prospéreras.
You must not pity those who murder other people! Instead, you must execute them, in order that the people in the land of Israel will not murder [MTY] innocent people, and in order that things will go well for you.”
14 Tu ne reculeras point les bornes de ton prochain, que des prédécesseurs auront fixées dans ton héritage lequel tu hériteras dans le pays que l’Éternel, ton Dieu, te donne pour le posséder.
“[When you are living] in the land that Yahweh our God is giving to you, do not move the markers of your neighbors’ property boundaries which were placed there long ago.”
15 Un seul témoin ne se lèvera pas contre un homme, pour une iniquité ou un péché quelconque, quelque péché qu’il ait commis: sur la déposition de deux témoins ou sur la déposition de trois témoins, la chose sera établie.
“If someone is accused of committing a crime, one (witness/person who says, ‘I saw him do it’) is not enough. There must be at least two (witnesses/people who say, ‘We saw him do it’). [If there is only one witness], the judge must not believe that what he says is true.
16 Quand un témoin inique s’élèvera contre un homme, pour témoigner contre lui d’un crime,
“If someone tries to do wrong to another person by falsely accusing him,
17 alors les deux hommes qui ont le différend, comparaîtront devant l’Éternel, devant les sacrificateurs et les juges qu’il y aura en ces jours-là;
both of them must go to the place where the people worship, to [talk to] the priests and judges who are serving at that time.
18 et les juges rechercheront bien, et, si le témoin est un faux témoin, s’il a témoigné faussement contre son frère,
The judges must (investigate the case carefully/try to find out which one is telling the truth). If [the judges determine that] one of them has accused the other falsely,
19 alors vous lui ferez comme il pensait faire à son frère; et tu ôteras le mal du milieu de toi.
that person must be punished in the same way that the other one would have been punished [if the judge decided that he (was guilty/had done what is wrong)]. By punishing such people, you will get rid of this evil practice among you.
20 Et les autres l’entendront et craindront, et ne feront plus désormais une pareille méchante action au milieu de toi.
And/Because when that person is punished, everyone will hear what has happened, and they will be afraid, and no one will dare to act that way any more.
21 Et ton œil n’épargnera point: vie pour vie, œil pour œil, dent pour dent, main pour main, pied pour pied.
You must not pity people who are punished like that. The rule should be that a person who has murdered someone else must be executed; one of a person’s eyes must be gouged out if he has gouged out someone else’s eye, one tooth of a person who has knocked out the tooth of another person must be knocked out; one hand of a person who has cut off the hand of another person must likewise be cut off; one foot of a person who has cut off the foot of another person must also be cut off.”
