Romans 1
1 [I], Paul, who serve Christ Jesus, [am writing this letter]. God chose me to be an apostle, and I was appointed by him {he appointed me} in order that [I should proclaim] (the good message/the gospel) that [comes from him].
ⲁ̅ⲡⲁⲩⲗⲟⲥ ⳿ⲫⲃⲱⲕ ⳿ⲛⲒⲏ̅ⲥ̅ Ⲡⲭ̅ⲥ̅ ⲡⲓⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲑⲁϩⲉⲙ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲁⲩⲑⲁϣϥ ⳿ⲉⲡⲓϩⲓϣⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϥⲓ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫϯ.
2 Long before [Jesus came to earth, God] promised [that he would reveal] this good message by means of what his prophets [wrote] in the sacred Scriptures.
ⲃ̅ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣϣⲟⲣⲡ ⳿ⲛⲱϣ ⳿ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⳿ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⳿ⲛⲛⲉϥⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲏⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲅⲣⲁⲫⲏⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ.
3 This good message is [about the one whom we know as] his Son. As to his Son’s physical/human nature, he was born a descendant of [King] David.
ⲅ̅ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⳿ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⳿ⲡ⳿ϫⲣⲟϫ ⳿ⲛⲇⲁⲩⲓⲇ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲥⲁⲣⲝ.
4 As to his divine nature, it was shown {[God] showed} powerfully that he is (God’s own Son/the man who is also God). [God] showed this by his Holy Spirit causing him to become alive again after he died. He is Jesus Christ our Lord.
ⲇ̅⳿ⲡϣⲏⲣⲓ ⳿ⲙⲫϯ ⲉⲧⲑⲏϣ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϫⲟⲙ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲡ͞ⲛⲁ̅ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⳿ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⳿ⲡⲧⲱⲛϥ ⳿ⲛⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ Ⲓⲏ̅ⲥ̅ Ⲡⲭ̅ⲥ̅ ⲡⲉⲛ⳪.
5 He is the one who appointed me, who did not deserve it, [to be] an apostle. He did that in order that [many] among the non-Jews would honor [him] and would obey him as a result of their believing [my message about him].
ⲉ̅ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲁⲛϭⲓ ⳿ⲛⲟⲩ⳿ϩⲙⲟⲧ ⳿ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⳿ⲫⲛⲁϩϯ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⳿ⲉ⳿ϩⲣⲏⲓ ⳿ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ.
6 You [believers] who are living in Rome [city] are included among those whom God has chosen to belong to Jesus Christ.
ⲋ̅ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛ⳿ⲛ⳿ϧⲣⲏⲓ ⳿ⲛϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ϩⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲑⲁϩⲉⲙ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ Ⲓⲏ̅ⲥ̅ Ⲡⲭ̅ⲥ̅.
7 [I am writing this letter] to all of [you in Rome] whom God loves and whom he has chosen [to become his] people. [I pray that] God our Father and Jesus Christ our Lord will [continue to] act kindly toward you and [will continue to] cause you to have [inner] peace.
ⲍ̅⳿ⲛⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲣⲱⲙⲏ ⲛⲓⲙⲉⲛⲣⲁϯ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫϯ ⲉⲧⲑⲁϩⲉⲙ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⳿ⲡ⳿ϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⳿ⲧϩⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⳿ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲫϯ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉⲛ⳪ Ⲓⲏ̅ⲥ̅ Ⲡⲭ̅ⲥ̅.
8 As I begin [this letter], I thank my God for all you [believers in Rome]. It is because of [what] Jesus Christ [has done for us that] I [am able to do that]. I thank him because your trusting [in Jesus Christ] is something that people all over [the Roman Empire] [HYP] are talking about.
ⲏ̅⳿ⲛϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲙⲉⲛ ϯϣⲉⲡ⳿ϩⲙⲟⲧ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲩϯ ⳿ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ Ⲓⲏ̅ⲥ̅ Ⲡⲭ̅ⲥ̅ ⳿ⲉ⳿ϩⲣⲏⲓ ⳿ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩϯ ⲥⲉϩⲓⲱⲓϣ ⳿ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ.
9 God, whom I devotedly serve as I [proclaim to people] the gospel concerning his Son, knows that I tell the truth when I say that I always mention you whenever [DOU] I pray [to God] [HYP].
ⲑ̅ⲡⲁⲙⲉⲑⲣⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲡⲉ ⲫϯ ⲫⲏ ⳿ⲉϯϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⳿ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲡ͞ⲛⲁ̅ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲟⲛ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲓ ϩⲱⲥ ⳿ⲛϯⲭⲱ ⳿ⲛⲧⲟⲧ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲓ⳿⳿ⲓⲣⲓ ⳿ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲩⲓ.
10 I especially ask God that if he desires [me to visit you], somehow at last I shall be able to do so.
ⲓ̅⳿ⲛⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲁⲡⲣⲟⲥⲉⲩⲭⲏ ⲉⲓⲧⲱⲃϩ ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲥⲟⲃϯ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱϣ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫϯ ⳿ⲉ⳿ⲓ ϩⲁⲣⲱⲧⲉⲛ.
11 [I pray this] because I long to visit you to help you spiritually, in order that you will become stronger [spiritually].
ⲓ̅ⲁ̅ϯⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲅⲁⲣ ⳿ⲉⲛⲁⲩ ⳿ⲉⲣⲱⲧⲉⲛ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⳿ⲛⲧⲁϯ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⳿ⲛⲟⲩ⳿ϩⲙⲟⲧ ⳿ⲙⲡ͞ⲛⲁ̅ⲧⲓⲕⲟⲛ ⳿ⲉ⳿ⲡϫⲓⲛⲧⲁϫⲣⲉ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ.
12 I long to visit you in order that you and I might encourage each other [by means of our sharing with each other] how each of us trusts [in Jesus].
ⲓ̅ⲃ̅ⲉⲧⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲡⲉ ⳿ⲉⲉⲣ⳿ϣⲫⲏⲣ ⳿ⲛⲧⲁϫⲣⲟ ⳿ⲛϩⲏⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ⳿ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲛⲁϩϯ ⲫⲏⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⳿ⲛϧⲏⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉⲛⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲫⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲫⲱⲓ ϩⲱ.
13 My fellow believers, many times I planned to visit you. I certainly want you to know [LIT] that. [But I have not been able to come to you because] I have been hindered {[things] have always prevented me} until the present time. I have wanted to come in order that I might help you to mature spiritually [IDM], as [I have helped people to mature spiritually] in many other non-Jewish groups [HYP].
ⲓ̅ⲅ̅ϯⲟⲩⲉϣ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲓ ⳿ⲛⲁⲧ⳿ⲉⲙⲓ ⲛⲁ⳿ⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⳿ⲛⲥⲟⲡ ϯ ⲥⲟⲃϯ ⳿ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⳿ⲉ⳿ⲓ ϩⲁⲣⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲧⲁϩⲛⲟ ⳿ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ϣⲁ ⳿ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⳿ⲉϯⲛⲟⲩ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⳿ⲛⲧⲁϭⲓ ⳿ⲛⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧⲁϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ϩⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ⳿ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⳿ⲙ⳿ⲡⲥⲱϫⲡ ⳿ⲛⲛⲓⲕⲉⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ.
14 I feel obliged [to proclaim the gospel to all non-Jewish people], specifically to [people who know] the Greek [language and culture] and to those who do not know it, to people who are educated and to those who are uneducated.
ⲓ̅ⲇ̅ⲛⲓⲟⲩⲉⲓⲛⲓⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲓⲥⲁⲃⲉⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲁⲧϩⲏⲧ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⳿ⲉⲣⲟⲓ.
15 So what I have eagerly desired is that I might proclaim this good message to you who are living in Rome also.
ⲓ̅ⲉ̅ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲱⲟⲩⲧϥ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⳿ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⳿ⲉϩⲓϣⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϥⲓ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ϩⲱⲧⲉⲛ ϧⲁ ⲛⲏⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲣⲱⲙⲏ.
16 [That leads me to say that] I very confidently proclaim [LIT] the good message [about what Christ has done], because this good message is the powerful [means] that God [uses] to save [from the guilt of their sins] all people who trust [in what Christ has done for them]. Specifically, God first has saved the Jews [who believe the good message], and then he has saved non-Jews.
ⲓ̅ⲋ̅ϯϣⲓⲡⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲟⲛ ⲟⲩϫⲟⲙ ⲅⲁⲣ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫϯ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲩⲛⲟϩⲉⲙ ⳿ⲛⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲑⲛⲁϩϯ ⲡⲓⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁⲓ ⳿ⲛϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲉⲓⲛⲓⲛ.
17 By means of this good message God reveals how he erases the record of people’s sins (OR, declares people no longer guilty for having sinned); and his doing this is entirely because [IDM] they trust [in Christ. This is confirmed] by what [a prophet long ago] wrote [that God said], “Those (whose record of sin [I] have erased/whom [I] have declared no longer guilty for sin) because they trust [in me] will live [forever].”
ⲓ̅ⲍ̅ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫϯ ⲡⲉⲑⲛⲁϭⲱⲣⲡ ⳿ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⳿ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⳿ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲛⲁϩϯ ⲉⲩⲛⲁϩϯ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ⳿ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧ⳿ⲥϧⲏⲟⲩⲧ ϫⲉ ⲡⲓ⳿ⲑⲙⲏ ⲓ ⳿ϥⲛⲁⲱⲛϧ ⳿ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⳿ⲫⲛⲁϩϯ.
18 From [where God rules in] heaven he is making it clear to all [non-Jewish] people who show no respect for God and who do wicked things, that he is angry with them [and that they deserve to be punished] {[that he would punish them]} [MTY]. By means of [their behaving] wickedly, they keep other people [from believing what they know] to be true [about God].
ⲓ̅ⲏ̅ⲡⲓϫⲱⲛⲧ ⲅⲁⲣ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫϯ ⳿ϥⲛⲁϭⲱⲣⲡ ⳿ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⳿ⲧⲫⲉ ⳿ⲉ⳿ϩⲣⲏⲓ ⳿ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲙⲉⲧⲁⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⳿ⲑⲙⲉⲧϭⲓ⳿ⲛϫⲟⲛⲥ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲏⲉⲧ⳿ⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⳿ⲛϯⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉϥϭⲓ⳿ⲛϫⲟⲛⲥ.
19 [Everyone] can clearly know what God [is like], because God himself has revealed to everyone [what he is like].
ⲓ̅ⲑ̅ϫⲉ ⲡⲓ⳿ⲉⲙⲓ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫϯ ⳿ϥⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ ⳿ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⳿ⲛ⳿ϧⲣⲏⲓ ⳿ⲛϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲫϯ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲟⲛϩϥ ⳿ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ.
20 [People] cannot see what God is like. But ever since he created the world, by means of what he created he has clearly revealed what he is like. He has made clear to everyone that he has always been able to do very powerful things. [Therefore, we should recognize that] God is powerful, [completely different from all that he created]. So no one has a basis for saying, [“We never knew about God].” (aïdios g126)
ⲕ̅ⲛⲓⲁⲑⲛⲁⲩ ⳿ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⳿ⲛⲧⲁϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⳿ⲡⲥⲱⲛⲧ ⳿ⲙⲡⲓⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⳿ⲛ⳿ϧⲣⲏⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉϥⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲉⲩⲕⲁϯ ⳿ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲩ ⳿ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲧⲉϥϫⲟⲙ ⳿ⲛ⳿ⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲧⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲉⲑⲛⲟⲩϯ ⳿ⲉ⳿ⲡϫⲓⲛⲧⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ⳿ⲛⲁⲧⲗⲱⲓϫⲓ ⳿ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲱ. (aïdios g126)
21 Although [the non-Jews] knew what God [is like], they did not honor him as God, nor did they thank [him for what he had done]. But instead, they began to think foolish [things about him], and they became unable to understand [MET] [what he wanted them to know].
ⲕ̅ⲁ̅ϫⲉ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲟⲩⲉⲛ ⲫϯ ⳿ⲙⲡⲟⲩϯⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ϩⲱⲥ ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⳿ⲙⲡⲟⲩϣⲉⲡ⳿ϩⲙⲟⲧ ⳿ⲛⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁⲩⲉⲣⲉⲫⲗⲏⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲟⲕⲙⲉⲕ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲭⲁⲕⲓ ⳿ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲟⲩⲁⲧⲕⲁϯ ⳿ⲛϩⲏⲧ.
22 Although they claimed that they were wise, they became foolish,
ⲕ̅ⲃ̅ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⳿ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ϩⲁⲛⲥⲁⲃⲉⲩ ⲛⲉ ⲁⲩⲉⲣⲥⲟϫ.
23 and they refused to [admit that] God is glorious and will never die. Instead, they made and worshipped idols [that resembled people who] will some day die, and [then they made other idols that resembled] birds and four-footed animals, and [finally] they made idols that resembled reptiles.
ⲕ̅ⲅ̅ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϣⲉⲃⲓⲉ ⲡⲓⲱⲟⲩ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫϯ ⲉⲧⲉ ⳿ⲙⲡⲉϥⲧⲁⲕⲟ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩ⳿ⲓⲛⲓ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⲟⲩϩⲓⲕⲱⲛ ⳿ⲛⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⳿ⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛϩⲁⲗⲁϯ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛⲧⲉⲃⲛⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛϭⲁⲧϥⲓ.
24 So God allowed [the non-Jews] do immoral sexual things that they [SYN] strongly desired, things [that their desires were compelling them to do]. As a result, they [began to] dishonor each other’s bodies [by their sexual actions].
ⲕ̅ⲇ̅ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲁϥⲧⲏⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⳿ⲛϫⲉ ⲫϯ ⳿ⲉ⳿ϧⲣⲏⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓ⳿ⲉⲡⲓⲑⲩⲙⲓ⳿ⲁ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲟⲩϩⲏⲧ ⳿ⲉ⳿ⲡϭⲱϧⲉⲙ ⳿ⲉ⳿ⲡϫⲓⲛ⳿ⲑⲣⲟⲩϣⲱϣ ⳿ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⳿ⲛ⳿ϧⲣⲏ ⲓ ⳿ⲛϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ.
25 Also, they [chose to worship] false [gods] instead (of admitting/of choosing to believe) what is true [about] God. They worshipped and served things [that God] created instead of [worshipping and serving God himself], the one who created [everything. They did this even though] he [deserves that those he created] would forever praise him. Amen!/May it be so! (aiōn g165)
ⲕ̅ⲉ̅ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲁⲩϣⲓⲃϯ ⳿ⲛϯⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫϯ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲙⲉⲑⲛⲟⲩϫ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⳿ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲱⲛⲧ ⲡⲁⲣⲁ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲱⲛⲧ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲫⲏⲉⲧ⳿ⲥⲙⲁⲣⲱⲟⲩⲧ ϣⲁ ⲛⲓⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲁⲙⲏⲛ. (aiōn g165)
26 So, God allowed [the non-Jews to do] shameful [sexual] things that they [strongly] desired. As a result, many women did not have natural sexual relations [with their husbands] [EUP]. Instead, they were doing sexual actions with other women [EUP].
ⲕ̅ⲋ̅ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲁϥⲧⲏⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⳿ⲛϫⲉ ⲫϯ ⳿ⲉ⳿ϧⲣⲏ ⲓ ⳿ⲉϩⲁⲛⲡⲁⲑⲟⲥ ⳿ⲛϣⲱϣ ⲛⲟⲩϩⲓⲟⲙⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲩϣⲉⲃⲓ⳿ⲉ ⲧⲟⲩⲫⲩⲥⲓⲕⲏ ⳿ⲛⲭⲣⲏⲥⲓⲥ ⳿ⲉ⳿ϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲉⲩⲡⲁⲣⲁ ⲫⲩⲥⲓⲥ.
27 Similarly, [many] men stopped having/did not have natural sexual relations with women [EUP]. Instead, they strongly desired to have sexual relations with other men. They committed [homosexual] acts with other men, acts that were shameful. As a result, [God has] punished them [by sicknesses] in their bodies, which is what they deserve [because] they [thought] wrongly [that God would not punish them for doing that].
ⲕ̅ⲍ̅ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲕⲉϩⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲁⲩⲭⲱ ⳿ⲛⲥⲱⲟⲩ ⳿ⲛϯⲫⲩⲥⲓⲕⲏ ⳿ⲛⲭⲣⲏⲥⲓⲥ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ϯ⳿ⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲁⲩⲣⲱⲕϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱϣ ⳿ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ ϩⲁⲛϩⲱⲟⲩⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛϩⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲉⲩⲉⲣϩⲱⲃ ⳿ⲉ⳿ⲡϣⲓⲡⲓ ⲉⲩ⳿ⲉϭⲓ ⳿ⲉ⳿ⲡϣⲉⲃⲓⲉ ⲃⲉⲭⲉ ⲉⲧ⳿ⲥϣⲉ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⲧⲟⲩⲡⲗⲁⲛⲏ ⳿ⲛ⳿ϧⲣⲏⲓ ⳿ⲛϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⳿ⲙⲙⲓⲛ ⳿ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ.
28 Furthermore, because they decided that it was not [worthwhile] to know God, he allowed their own worthless thoughts [to completely control them]. As a result, they began doing [evil] things that [God says that people] should not do.
ⲕ̅ⲏ̅ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ⳿ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲉ ⳿ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲉⲣⲇⲟⲕⲓⲙⲁⲍⲓⲛ ⳿ⲉⲭⲁ ⲫϯ ⳿ⲛⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩ⳿ⲉⲙⲓ ⲁϥⲧⲏⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⳿ⲛϫⲉ ⲫϯ ⳿ⲉ⳿ϧⲣⲏⲓ ⳿ⲉⲟⲩϩⲏⲧ ⳿ⲛⲁⲇⲟⲕⲓⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲣⲟⲩ⳿ⲓⲣⲓ ⳿ⲛⲛⲏⲉⲧ⳿ⲥϣⲉ ⳿ⲛⲁⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ.
29 They strongly desire to do all [kinds of] unrighteous [things]. They strongly desire to do all [kinds of] evil things [to others]. They strongly desire to possess things that [belong to others]. They strongly desire to harm [others] in various ways. [Many non-Jews] are constantly envying [other people. Many] constantly desire to murder [people. Many] constantly desire to cause strife [between people. Many] constantly desire to deceive [others. Many] constantly desire to speak hatefully [about others] (OR, [to speak harmful things about others, things that are not true]). [Many] gossip [about others].
ⲕ̅ⲑ̅ⲉⲩⲙⲉϩ ⳿ⲛ⳿ⲁⲇⲓⲕⲓⲁ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲕⲁⲕⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲟⲛⲏⲣⲓ⳿ⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲙⲉⲧϭⲓ⳿ⲛϫⲟⲛⲥ ⲉⲩⲙⲉϩ ⳿ⲛⲫⲑⲟⲛⲟⲥ ϩⲓ ϧⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲉⲙ ⳿ϣϭⲛⲏⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⳿ⲭ ⲣⲟϥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉϥϩⲱⲟⲩ.
30 [Many] slander [others. Many] act especially hatefully toward God. [Many] speak or act in an insulting way [toward others. Many] treat others contemptuously. [Many] boast [about themselves to others. Many] invent new ways to do evil things. [Many non-Jewish children] disobey their parents.
ⲗ̅ⲉⲩⲟⲓ ⳿ⲛⲣⲉϥⲭⲁⲥⲕⲉⲥ ⳿ⲛⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲕⲁⲧⲁⲗⲁⲗⲓⲛ ⳿ⲙⲙⲁⲥⲧⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⳿ⲛⲣⲉϥϯϣⲱϣ ⳿ⲛϭⲁⲥⲓϩⲏⲧ ⳿ⲛⲣⲉϥϩⲓ⳿ⲡϩⲟ ⳿ⲛⲣⲉϥϫⲓⲙⲓ ⳿ⲛⲛⲓⲡⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ⳿ⲛⲁⲧⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⳿ⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲟⲩⲓⲟϯ.
31 [Many non-Jews] act in other morally foolish ways. [Many] do not do what they promised [others that they would do. Many] do not [even] love [their own family members. And many] do not act mercifully [toward other people].
ⲗ̅ⲁ̅⳿ⲛⲁⲧⲕⲁϯ ⳿ⲛⲁⲧϯⲙⲁϯ ⳿ⲛⲁⲧϣⲉⲛϩⲏⲧ ⳿ⲛⲁⲧⲛⲁⲓ.
32 Although they know that God has declared that those who do such things deserve to be killed, they not only habitually do these [kinds of evil] things, but they also approve of others who habitually do them.
ⲗ̅ⲃ̅ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⳿ⲛϯⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⳿ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫϯ ϫⲉ ⲛⲏⲉⲧ⳿⳿ⲓⲣⲓ ⳿ⲛⲛⲁⲓ ⳿ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲥⲉ⳿ⲙ⳿ⲡϣⲁ ⳿ⲙ⳿ⲫⲙⲟⲩ ⲟⲩ ⲙⲟⲛⲟⲛ ϫⲉ ⲥⲉ⳿⳿ⲓⲣⲓ ⳿ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲥⲉϯⲙⲁϯ ⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲏⲉⲧ⳿⳿ⲓⲣⲓ ⳿ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ
