Mark 12
1 Then Jesus told [those Jewish leaders] a parable. [He wanted to show what God would do to those who rejected the former prophets and himself. He said], “A certain man planted a vineyard. He built a fence around it [in order to protect it]. He made a stone tank [to collect the juice that] they would press [out of the grapes]. He also built a tower [for someone to sit in to guard his vineyard]. Then he leased the vineyard to some men to care for it and [to] give him some of the [grapes] in return. Then he went away to another country.
anantaraṁ yīśu rdr̥ṣṭāntēna tēbhyaḥ kathayitumārēbhē, kaścidēkō drākṣākṣētraṁ vidhāya taccaturdikṣu vāraṇīṁ kr̥tvā tanmadhyē drākṣāpēṣaṇakuṇḍam akhanat, tathā tasya gaḍamapi nirmmitavān tatastatkṣētraṁ kr̥ṣīvalēṣu samarpya dūradēśaṁ jagāma|
2 When the time came to harvest the [grapes], he sent a servant to the men [who were taking care of the vineyard] in order to receive from them his share of the grapes that the vineyard had produced.
tadanantaraṁ phalakālē kr̥ṣīvalēbhyō drākṣākṣētraphalāni prāptuṁ tēṣāṁ savidhē bhr̥tyam ēkaṁ prāhiṇōt|
3 But [after the servant arrived], they grabbed him and beat him, and they did not give him any fruit. Then they sent him away.
kintu kr̥ṣīvalāstaṁ dhr̥tvā prahr̥tya riktahastaṁ visasr̥juḥ|
4 Later the one who owned the vineyard sent another servant to them. But they beat that one on his head, and they insulted him.
tataḥ sa punaranyamēkaṁ bhr̥tyaṁ praṣayāmāsa, kintu tē kr̥ṣīvalāḥ pāṣāṇāghātaistasya śirō bhaṅktvā sāpamānaṁ taṁ vyasarjan|
5 Later he sent another servant. That man they killed. They mistreated many other servants [whom he sent]. Some they beat and some they killed.
tataḥ paraṁ sōparaṁ dāsaṁ prāhiṇōt tadā tē taṁ jaghnuḥ, ēvam anēkēṣāṁ kasyacit prahāraḥ kasyacid vadhaśca taiḥ kr̥taḥ|
6 The man still had one other [person with him]. It was his son. He loved him very much. So, finally he sent his son to them because he thought that they would respect him [and give him some of the grapes].
tataḥ paraṁ mayā svaputrē prahitē tē tamavaśyaṁ sammaṁsyantē, ityuktvāvaśēṣē tēṣāṁ sannidhau nijapriyam advitīyaṁ putraṁ prēṣayāmāsa|
7 But [when they saw his son coming], those men who were looking after the vineyard said to each other, ‘Look! Here comes the man who will some day inherit the vineyard! So let’s kill him in order that this vineyard will be ours!’
kintu kr̥ṣīvalāḥ parasparaṁ jagaduḥ, ēṣa uttarādhikārī, āgacchata vayamēnaṁ hanmastathā kr̥tē 'dhikārōyam asmākaṁ bhaviṣyati|
8 They seized him and killed him. Then they threw his body outside the vineyard.
tatastaṁ dhr̥tvā hatvā drākṣākṣētrād bahiḥ prākṣipan|
9 So (do you know what the man who owns the vineyard will do?/I will tell you what the man who owns the vineyard will do [RHQ]). He will come, and he will kill those evil men who were taking care of his vineyard. Then he will arrange for other people to take care of it.
anēnāsau drākṣākṣētrapatiḥ kiṁ kariṣyati? sa ētya tān kr̥ṣīvalān saṁhatya tatkṣētram anyēṣu kr̥ṣīvalēṣu samarpayiṣyati|
10 [Now think carefully about these words], which you have read [in] the Scriptures: The men who were building the building rejected one stone. But others [put that same stone in its proper place, and] it has become the most important stone in the building [MET]!
aparañca, "sthapatayaḥ kariṣyanti grāvāṇaṁ yantu tucchakaṁ| prādhānaprastaraḥ kōṇē sa ēva saṁbhaviṣyati|
11 The Lord has done this, and we marvel as we look at it.”
ētat karmma parēśasyāṁdbhutaṁ nō dr̥ṣṭitō bhavēt||" imāṁ śāstrīyāṁ lipiṁ yūyaṁ kiṁ nāpāṭhiṣṭa?
12 Then [the Jewish leaders] realized that he was accusing them when he told this story [about what those wicked people did]. So they wanted to seize him. But they were afraid of what the crowds [would do if they did that]. So they left him and went away.
tadānīṁ sa tānuddiśya tāṁ dr̥ṣṭāntakathāṁ kathitavān, ta itthaṁ budvvā taṁ dharttāmudyatāḥ, kintu lōkēbhyō bibhyuḥ, tadanantaraṁ tē taṁ vihāya vavrajuḥ|
13 The [Jewish leaders] sent to [Jesus] some Pharisees [who thought that the Jews should pay only the tax that their own Jewish authorities required people to pay]. They also sent some members of the party that supported Herod [Antipas and the Roman government]. They wanted to make Jesus say something wrong [that would make one of those groups very angry with him].
aparañca tē tasya vākyadōṣaṁ dharttāṁ katipayān phirūśinō hērōdīyāṁśca lōkān tadantikaṁ prēṣayāmāsuḥ|
14 After they arrived, they said to him [deceivingly], “Teacher, we know that you [teach] the truth. We also know that you are not concerned about [what] people [say about you, even if an important person does not like what you say]. Instead, you teach truthfully what God wants [us to do]. So [tell us what you think about this matter: ] Is it right that we pay taxes to the Roman government, or not [MTY]? Should we pay the taxes, or should we not pay them?”
ta āgatya tamavadan, hē gurō bhavān tathyabhāṣī kasyāpyanurōdhaṁ na manyatē, pakṣapātañca na karōti, yathārthata īśvarīyaṁ mārgaṁ darśayati vayamētat prajānīmaḥ, kaisarāya karō dēyō na vāṁ? vayaṁ dāsyāmō na vā?
15 Jesus knew that they did not really want to know [what God wanted them to do]. So he said to them, “(I [know that] you are [just] trying to make me say something wrong for which you can arrest me./Why are you [just] trying to make me say something wrong for which you can arrest me?) [RHQ] [But I will answer your question anyway]. Bring me a coin so that I might [ask you something after] I look at it.”
kintu sa tēṣāṁ kapaṭaṁ jñātvā jagāda, kutō māṁ parīkṣadhvē? ēkaṁ mudrāpādaṁ samānīya māṁ darśayata|
16 After they brought him a coin, he asked them, “Whose picture is [on] this [coin]? And [whose] name [is on it]?” They replied, “It is a picture and the name of Caesar, [the man who rules the Roman government].”
tadā tairēkasmin mudrāpādē samānītē sa tān papraccha, atra likhitaṁ nāma mūrtti rvā kasya? tē pratyūcuḥ, kaisarasya|
17 Then Jesus said to them, “[That is correct, so] give to the government [MTY] what they [require], and give to God what he [requires].” They were [frustrated at his answer but] amazed at what he said, [because they were not able to accuse him of anything because of what he said].
tadā yīśuravadat tarhi kaisarasya dravyāṇi kaisarāya datta, īśvarasya dravyāṇi tu īśvarāya datta; tatastē vismayaṁ mēnirē|
18 [Men who belong to the] Sadducee [sect] deny that people become alive again after they die. [In order to discredit] Jesus [by ridiculing the idea that people will live again, some of] them came to him and asked him,
atha mr̥tānāmutthānaṁ yē na manyantē tē sidūkinō yīśōḥ samīpamāgatya taṁ papracchuḥ;
19 “Teacher, Moses wrote for us [Jews] that if a man who has no children dies, his brother should marry the dead man’s widow. [Then if those two bear children, everyone will consider that those children are the] children of the man who died, [and in that way the dead man will continue to have descendants].
hē gurō kaścijjanō yadi niḥsantatiḥ san bhāryyāyāṁ satyāṁ mriyatē tarhi tasya bhrātā tasya bhāryyāṁ gr̥hītvā bhrātu rvaṁśōtpattiṁ kariṣyati, vyavasthāmimāṁ mūsā asmān prati vyalikhat|
20 [So here is an example]. There were seven boys [in one family]. The oldest one married [a woman], but [he and his wife] did not bear any children. Then he [later] died.
kintu kēcit sapta bhrātara āsan, tatastēṣāṁ jyēṣṭhabhrātā vivahya niḥsantatiḥ san amriyata|
21 The second [brother followed this law and] married that woman and he, too, did not bear any children. Then he [later] died. The third [brother did] like [his other brothers did. But he also did not bear any children, and later died].
tatō dvitīyō bhrātā tāṁ striyamagr̥haṇat kintu sōpi niḥsantatiḥ san amriyata; atha tr̥tīyōpi bhrātā tādr̥śōbhavat|
22 Eventually all seven [brothers married that woman, one by one], but they had no children, and one by one they died. Afterwards the woman died, too.
itthaṁ saptaiva bhrātarastāṁ striyaṁ gr̥hītvā niḥsantānāḥ santō'mriyanta, sarvvaśēṣē sāpi strī mriyatē sma|
23 Therefore, [if it were true what some people say, that people will become alive again after they die], whose wife do you think that woman will be when people become alive again? ([Keep in mind that] she was married to all seven [brothers]!/She was married to all seven [brothers, so how can anyone decide] [RHQ]?)”
atha mr̥tānāmutthānakālē yadā ta utthāsyanti tadā tēṣāṁ kasya bhāryyā sā bhaviṣyati? yatastē saptaiva tāṁ vyavahan|
24 Jesus replied to them, “You are certainly wrong [RHQ]. You do not know [what they have written in] the Scriptures [about this]. You also do not understand God’s power [to make people alive again].
tatō yīśuḥ pratyuvāca śāstram īśvaraśaktiñca yūyamajñātvā kimabhrāmyata na?
25 [That woman will not be the wife of any of them], because when people have become alive again, instead of men having wives and women having husbands, they will be like the angels in heaven, [who do not marry].
mr̥talōkānāmutthānaṁ sati tē na vivahanti vāgdattā api na bhavanti, kintu svargīyadūtānāṁ sadr̥śā bhavanti|
26 But as to people becoming alive again after they die, in the book that Moses [wrote, he said something about people who have died] that I am sure that you have read [RHQ]. When Moses [was looking at] the bush [that was burning], God said to him, ‘I am the God whom Abraham [worships] and the God whom Isaac [worships] and the God whom Jacob [worships].’
punaśca "aham ibrāhīma īśvara ishāka īśvarō yākūbaścēśvaraḥ" yāmimāṁ kathāṁ stambamadhyē tiṣṭhan īśvarō mūsāmavādīt mr̥tānāmutthānārthē sā kathā mūsālikhitē pustakē kiṁ yuṣmābhi rnāpāṭhi?
27 It is not dead people who worship God. It is living people who worship him. [Abraham, Isaac and Jacob died long before Moses lived, but God said that they were still worshipping him, so we know their spirits were still alive]! So your [claim that dead people do not become alive again] is very wrong.”
īśvarō jīvatāṁ prabhuḥ kintu mr̥tānāṁ prabhu rna bhavati, tasmāddhētō ryūyaṁ mahābhramēṇa tiṣṭhatha|
28 A man who taught the [Jewish] laws heard their discussion. He knew that Jesus answered the question well. So he stepped forward and asked Jesus, “Which commandment is the most important?”
ētarhi ēkōdhyāpaka ētya tēṣāmitthaṁ vicāraṁ śuśrāva; yīśustēṣāṁ vākyasya saduttaraṁ dattavān iti budvvā taṁ pr̥ṣṭavān sarvvāsām ājñānāṁ kā śrēṣṭhā? tatō yīśuḥ pratyuvāca,
29 Jesus answered, “The most important commandment is this: ‘Listen, [you people of] Israel! [You must worship] the Lord, our God, our only Lord.
"hē isrāyēllōkā avadhatta, asmākaṁ prabhuḥ paramēśvara ēka ēva,
30 [You must show that you love him in all the ways that you live] Show it in all that you want and feel, in all that you think, and in all that you do!’
yūyaṁ sarvvantaḥkaraṇaiḥ sarvvaprāṇaiḥ sarvvacittaiḥ sarvvaśaktibhiśca tasmin prabhau paramēśvarē prīyadhvaṁ," ityājñā śrēṣṭhā|
31 The next [most important commandment] is: ‘You must love people you come in contact with as much as you love yourself.’ No other commandment is more important than these two!”
tathā "svaprativāsini svavat prēma kurudhvaṁ," ēṣā yā dvitīyājñā sā tādr̥śī; ētābhyāṁ dvābhyām ājñābhyām anyā kāpyājñā śrēṣṭhā nāsti|
32 The man said to Jesus, “Teacher, [you have answered] well. You correctly said that he is the only [God] and that there is no other God [we must worship/obey].
tadā sōdhyāpakastamavadat, hē gurō satyaṁ bhavān yathārthaṁ prōktavān yata ēkasmād īśvarād anyō dvitīya īśvarō nāsti;
33 You have also said correctly that we ([should/must show that we]) love God by all that we are, by all that we think, and by the way that we live. And you have said correctly that we must love (people with whom we come in contact/others) as much as we love ourselves. And you have also implied that doing these things [pleases God] more than offering/giving animals to him or burning [other] sacrifices.”
aparaṁ sarvvāntaḥkaraṇaiḥ sarvvaprāṇaiḥ sarvvacittaiḥ sarvvaśaktibhiśca īśvarē prēmakaraṇaṁ tathā svamīpavāsini svavat prēmakaraṇañca sarvvēbhyō hōmabalidānādibhyaḥ śraṣṭhaṁ bhavati|
34 Jesus realized that this man had answered wisely. So he said to him, “[I perceive that] you will soon [decide to let] God rule your life.” After that, [the Jewish leaders] were afraid to ask him any more questions [like that to try to trap him].
tatō yīśuḥ subuddhēriva tasyēdam uttaraṁ śrutvā taṁ bhāṣitavān tvamīśvarasya rājyānna dūrōsi|itaḥ paraṁ tēna saha kasyāpi vākyasya vicāraṁ karttāṁ kasyāpi pragalbhatā na jātā|
35 [Later], while he was teaching in the Temple [courtyard], Jesus said [to the people], “These men who teach the [Jewish] laws, (they must be wrong when they say that the Messiah is [merely] a descendant of [King] David!/why do they say that the Messiah is [merely] a descendant of [King] David?) [RHQ]
anantaraṁ madhyēmandiram upadiśan yīśurimaṁ praśnaṁ cakāra, adhyāpakā abhiṣiktaṁ (tārakaṁ) kutō dāyūdaḥ santānaṁ vadanti?
36 The Holy Spirit caused David himself to say [about the Messiah], God said to my Lord, ‘Sit here beside me at the place where I will highly honor you! Sit here while I completely defeat your enemies! [MTY]’
svayaṁ dāyūd pavitrasyātmana āvēśēnēdaṁ kathayāmāsa| yathā| "mama prabhumidaṁ vākyavadat paramēśvaraḥ| tava śatrūnahaṁ yāvat pādapīṭhaṁ karōmi na| tāvat kālaṁ madīyē tvaṁ dakṣapārśv upāviśa|"
37 Therefore, [because] David himself calls [the Messiah] ‘my Lord,’ (the Messiah cannot be [just] a man who descended [from King David!]/how can the Messiah be [just] a man who descended [from King David]?) [RHQ] [He must be much greater than David]”! Many people listened to him gladly [as he taught those things].
yadi dāyūd taṁ prabhūṁ vadati tarhi kathaṁ sa tasya santānō bhavitumarhati? itarē lōkāstatkathāṁ śrutvānananduḥ|
38 While Jesus was teaching [the people], he said to them, “Beware that you [do not act like] the men who teach our [Jewish] laws. They [like people to honor them, so] they put on long robes and walk around [in order to show people how important they are]. They also like people to greet them [respectfully] in the marketplaces.
tadānīṁ sa tānupadiśya kathitavān yē narā dīrghaparidhēyāni haṭṭē vipanau ca
39 [They like to sit] in the most important seats in our (synagogue/Jewish meeting place). At festivals, [they like to sit in] the seats where the most honored people sit.
lōkakr̥tanamaskārān bhajanagr̥hē pradhānāsanāni bhōjanakālē pradhānasthānāni ca kāṅkṣantē;
40 They (swindle/take for themselves) the houses [and property] of widows by cheating them. [Then] they pretend [that they are good] by praying long prayers [publicly. God] will certainly punish them severely!”
vidhavānāṁ sarvvasvaṁ grasitvā chalād dīrghakālaṁ prārthayantē tēbhya upādhyāyēbhyaḥ sāvadhānā bhavata; tē'dhikatarān daṇḍān prāpsyanti|
41 [Later], Jesus sat down [in the Temple courtyard opposite the boxes in which people put offerings. As he was sitting there], he watched as all the people put money in the box. Many rich people put in large amounts [of money].
tadanantaraṁ lōkā bhāṇḍāgārē mudrā yathā nikṣipanti bhāṇḍāgārasya sammukhē samupaviśya yīśustadavalulōka; tadānīṁ bahavō dhaninastasya madhyē bahūni dhanāni nirakṣipan|
42 Then a poor widow came along and put in two small copper coins, which had a very small value.
paścād ēkā daridrā vidhavā samāgatya dvipaṇamūlyāṁ mudraikāṁ tatra nirakṣipat|
43 He gathered his disciples around him and said to them, “The truth is that these other people have a lot of money, [but] they gave [only a small part of it]. But this woman, who is very poor, has put in all the money that she had to pay for the things she needs. [So God considers that] this poor widow has put more money into the box than all the other people!”
tadā yīśuḥ śiṣyān āhūya kathitavān yuṣmānahaṁ yathārthaṁ vadāmi yē yē bhāṇḍāgārē'smina dhanāni niḥkṣipanti sma tēbhyaḥ sarvvēbhya iyaṁ vidhavā daridrādhikam niḥkṣipati sma|
yatastē prabhūtadhanasya kiñcit nirakṣipan kintu dīnēyaṁ svadinayāpanayōgyaṁ kiñcidapi na sthāpayitvā sarvvasvaṁ nirakṣipat|
