Leviticus 11
1 Yahweh said to Aaron and Moses/me,
And the LORD spoke unto Moses and to Aaron, saying unto them:
2 “Tell the Israeli people that [this is what Yahweh says]: From all the animals that live on the land, these are the ones that you are permitted to eat:
Speak unto the children of Israel, saying: These are the living things which ye may eat among all the beasts that are on the earth.
3 The ones that have hooves that are completely split and that (chew their cuds/bring their food up from their stomachs to chew it again).
Whatsoever parteth the hoof, and is wholly cloven-footed, and cheweth the cud, among the beasts, that may ye eat.
4 There are some animals that chew their cuds but do not have split hooves, and some animals that have split hooves but do not chew their cuds. You must not eat any of those animals. [For example], camels chew their cuds but do not have split hooves, so they are unacceptable for you to eat.
Nevertheless these shall ye not eat of them that only chew the cud, or of them that only part the hoof: the camel, because he cheweth the cud but parteth not the hoof, he is unclean unto you.
5 Rock badgers chew their cuds but do not have split hooves, so they are unacceptable for you to eat.
And the rock-badger, because he cheweth the cud but parteth not the hoof, he is unclean unto you.
6 Rabbits chew their cuds but do not have split hooves, so they are unacceptable for you to eat.
And the hare, because she cheweth the cud but parteth not the hoof, she is unclean unto you.
7 Pigs have completely split hooves but they do not chew their cuds, so they are unacceptable for you to eat.
And the swine, because he parteth the hoof, and is cloven-footed, but cheweth not the cud, he is unclean unto you.
8 All of those animals are unacceptable for you, so you must not eat their meat or even touch their carcasses.
Of their flesh ye shall not eat, and their carcasses ye shall not touch; they are unclean unto you.
9 From all the creatures that live in the oceans and the streams, you are permitted to eat any that have fins and scales.
These may ye eat of all that are in the waters: whatsoever hath fins and scales in the waters, in the seas, and in the rivers, them may ye eat.
10 But you must detest [and not eat] those that do not have fins and scales. That includes ones that are very small.
And all that have not fins and scales in the seas, and in the rivers, of all that swarm in the waters, and of all the living creatures that are in the waters, they are a detestable thing unto you,
11 You must despise them, and you must not eat their meat, and you must detest their carcasses.
and they shall be a detestable thing unto you; ye shall not eat of their flesh, and their carcasses ye shall have in detestation.
12 You must detest everything that lives in the water that does not have fins and scales.
Whatsoever hath no fins nor scales in the waters, that is a detestable thing unto you.
13 There are some birds that you must detest [and not eat]. They include eagles, bearded vultures, black vultures,
And these ye shall have in detestation among the fowls; they shall not be eaten, they are a detestable thing: the great vulture, and the bearded vulture, and the ospray;
14 kites, any kind of falcon/buzzard,
and the kite, and the falcon after its kinds;
15 any kind of raven,
every raven after its kinds;
16 horned owls, screech owls, seagulls, any kind of hawk,
and the ostrich, and the night-hawk, and the sea-mew, and the hawk after its kinds;
17 small owls, cormorants, large owls,
and the little owl, and the cormorant, and the great owl;
18 white owls, desert owls, vultures that eat dead animals,
and the horned owl, and the pelican, and the carrion-vulture;
19 storks, any kind of heron, hoopoes, and bats.
and the stork, and the heron after its kinds, and the hoopoe, and the bat.
20 You must detest [and not eat] flying insects that [sometimes] walk on the ground [MTY].
All winged swarming things that go upon all fours are a detestable thing unto you.
21 But you are permitted to eat creatures with wings that sometimes walk on the ground if they have jointed legs for hopping around.
Yet these may ye eat of all winged swarming things that go upon all fours, which have jointed legs above their feet, wherewith to leap upon the earth;
22 They include locusts, crickets, and grasshoppers.
even these of them ye may eat: the locust after its kinds, and the bald locust after its kinds, and the cricket after its kinds, and the grasshopper after its kinds.
23 But you must detest [and not eat] other insects with wings that have four legs.
But all winged swarming things, which have four feet, are a detestable thing unto you.
24 ‘There are certain creatures that if you touch their carcasses you will become defiled. Anyone who touches their carcasses must not touch other people until that evening.
And by these ye shall become unclean; whosoever toucheth the carcass of them shall be unclean until even.
25 Anyone who picks up one of their carcasses must wash his clothes and not touch other people until that evening.
And whosoever beareth aught of the carcass of them shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even.
26 ‘The animals whose carcasses you must not touch are those that have hooves that are not completely divided or animals that do not chew their cuds. Anyone who touches the carcasses of any of those animals becomes (defiled/unacceptable to me).
Every beast which parteth the hoof, but is not cloven footed, nor cheweth the cud, is unclean unto you; every one that toucheth them shall be unclean.
27 From all the animals that walk on the ground, you must not touch the carcasses of those that have paws to walk on. Anyone who touches one of their carcasses must not touch other people until that evening.
And whatsoever goeth upon its paws, among all beasts that go on all fours, they are unclean unto you; whoso toucheth their carcass shall be unclean until the even.
28 Anyone who picks up one of their carcasses must wash his clothes and not touch other people until that evening, because touching their carcasses (defiles you/causes you to become unacceptable to me).
And he that beareth the carcass of them shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even; they are unclean unto you.
29 ‘From all the animals that walk on the ground, these are the ones that (defile you/cause you to become unacceptable to me) [if you touch them]: Moles, rats, any kind of lizard,
And these are they which are unclean unto you among the swarming things that swarm upon the earth: the weasel, and the mouse, and the great lizard after its kinds,
30 geckos, skinks, and chameleons.
and the gecko, and the land-crocodile, and the lizard, and the sand-lizard, and the chameleon.
31 Those creatures that scurry across the ground (defile you/cause you to become unacceptable to me); anyone who touches one of their carcasses must not touch other people until the evening.
These are they which are unclean to you among all that swarm; whosoever doth touch them, when they are dead, shall be unclean until the even.
32 When one of those creatures dies and falls on something, the thing that it falls on, whatever it is used for, will become (defiled/unacceptable to me), whether it is made of wood or cloth or the hide of some animal or from rough cloth. You must put it in water. Then you must not use it until that evening.
And upon whatsoever any of them, when they are dead, doth fall, it shall be unclean; whether it be any vessel of wood, or raiment, or skin, or sack, whatsoever vessel it be, wherewith any work is done, it must be put into water, and it shall be unclean until the even; then shall it be clean.
33 If one of them falls into a clay pot, everything in it becomes defiled, and you must break that pot into pieces.
And every earthen vessel whereinto any of them falleth, whatsoever is in it shall be unclean, and it ye shall break.
34 If you pour water from that pot on any food, you must not eat that food. And you must not drink any water from that pot.
All food therein which may be eaten, that on which water cometh, shall be unclean; and all drink in every such vessel that may be drunk shall be unclean.
35 Anything that one of the carcasses of those creatures falls on becomes (defiled/unacceptable to me); even if it falls on an oven or a cooking pot, anything that it falls on must be broken into pieces. It becomes unacceptable to me and you must not use it again.
And every thing whereupon any part of their carcass falleth shall be unclean; whether oven, or range for pots, it shall be broken in pieces; they are unclean, and shall be unclean unto you.
36 If one of their carcasses falls into a spring or a pit for storing water, the water may still be drunk, but anyone who touches one of those carcasses becomes unacceptable to me.
Nevertheless a fountain or a cistern wherein is a gathering of water shall be clean; but he who toucheth their carcass shall be unclean.
37 If one of those carcasses falls on seeds that are to be planted, those seeds are still acceptable to be planted.
And if aught of their carcass fall upon any sowing seed which is to be sown, it is clean.
38 But if water has been put on the seeds and then a carcass falls on them, the seeds must be thrown away.
But if water be put upon the seed, and aught of their carcass fall thereon, it is unclean unto you.
39 ‘If an animal [whose meat] you are permitted to eat dies, anyone who touches its carcass must not touch other people until that evening.
And if any beast, of which ye may eat, die, he that toucheth the carcass thereof shall be unclean until the even.
40 Anyone who eats some meat from that carcass must wash his clothes, and then he must not touch anyone until that evening.
And he that eateth of the carcass of it shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even; he also that beareth the carcass of it shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even.
41 ‘All creatures that scurry across the ground, including those that move on their bellies and those that crawl, are detestable, and they must not be eaten.
And every swarming thing that swarmeth upon the earth is a detestable thing; it shall not be eaten.
Whatsoever goeth upon the belly, and whatsoever goeth upon all fours, or whatsoever hath many feet, even all swarming things that swarm upon the earth, them ye shall not eat; for they are a detestable thing.
43 Do not (defile yourselves/cause you to become unacceptable to me) by [eating] any of those creatures [DOU].
Ye shall not make yourselves detestable with any swarming thing that swarmeth, neither shall ye make yourselves unclean with them, that ye should be defiled thereby.
44 I am Yahweh your God, and I am holy, so you must consecrate yourselves and be holy. You must avoid eating things that cause you to be unacceptable to me. Do not cause yourselves to become unacceptable to me by eating creatures that scurry across the ground.
For I am the LORD your God; sanctify yourselves therefore, and be ye holy; for I am holy; neither shall ye defile yourselves with any manner of swarming thing that moveth upon the earth.
45 I am Yahweh, the one who freed you from [being slaves in] Egypt, in order to be your God. Therefore, because I am holy, you must be holy.
For I am the LORD that brought you up out of the land of Egypt, to be your God; ye shall therefore be holy, for I am holy.
46 'Those are the regulations concerning animals and birds, all the living creatures that live in water or scurry across the ground.
This is the law of the beast, and of the fowl, and of every living creature that moveth in the waters, and of every creature that swarmeth upon the earth;
47 You must learn what things [I say] are acceptable to me and what things are not, and learn what things you are permitted to eat and what things you are not permitted to eat.’”
to make a difference between the unclean and the clean, and between the living thing that may be eaten and the living thing that may not be eaten.
