Leviticus 11
1 Yahweh said to Aaron and Moses/me,
And Jehovah spoke to Moses and to Aaron, saying to them,
2 “Tell the Israeli people that [this is what Yahweh says]: From all the animals that live on the land, these are the ones that you are permitted to eat:
Speak to the sons of Israel, saying, These are the living things which ye may eat among all the beasts that are on the earth.
3 The ones that have hooves that are completely split and that (chew their cuds/bring their food up from their stomachs to chew it again).
Whatever parts the hoof, and is cloven footed, and chews the cud, among the beasts, that may ye eat.
4 There are some animals that chew their cuds but do not have split hooves, and some animals that have split hooves but do not chew their cuds. You must not eat any of those animals. [For example], camels chew their cuds but do not have split hooves, so they are unacceptable for you to eat.
Nevertheless these shall ye not eat of those that chew the cud, or of those that part the hoof: the camel, because he chews the cud but does not part the hoof, he is unclean to you.
5 Rock badgers chew their cuds but do not have split hooves, so they are unacceptable for you to eat.
And the coney, because he chews the cud but does not part the hoof, he is unclean to you.
6 Rabbits chew their cuds but do not have split hooves, so they are unacceptable for you to eat.
And the hare, because she chews the cud but does not part the hoof, she is unclean to you.
7 Pigs have completely split hooves but they do not chew their cuds, so they are unacceptable for you to eat.
And the swine, because he parts the hoof, and is cloven footed, but does not chew the cud, he is unclean to you.
8 All of those animals are unacceptable for you, so you must not eat their meat or even touch their carcasses.
Of their flesh ye shall not eat, and their carcasses ye shall not touch, they are unclean to you.
9 From all the creatures that live in the oceans and the streams, you are permitted to eat any that have fins and scales.
These may ye eat of all that are in the waters: whatever has fins and scales in the waters, in the seas, and in the rivers, that may ye eat.
10 But you must detest [and not eat] those that do not have fins and scales. That includes ones that are very small.
And all that have no fins and scales in the seas, and in the rivers, of all that move in the waters, and of all the living creatures that are in the waters, they are an abomination to you,
11 You must despise them, and you must not eat their meat, and you must detest their carcasses.
and they shall be an abomination to you. Ye shall not eat of their flesh, and their carcasses ye shall have in abomination.
12 You must detest everything that lives in the water that does not have fins and scales.
Whatever has no fins nor scales in the waters, that is an abomination to you.
13 There are some birds that you must detest [and not eat]. They include eagles, bearded vultures, black vultures,
And these ye shall have in abomination among the birds, they shall not be eaten, they are an abomination: the eagle, and the vulture, and the osprey,
14 kites, any kind of falcon/buzzard,
and the kite, and the falcon after its kind,
15 any kind of raven,
every raven after its kind,
16 horned owls, screech owls, seagulls, any kind of hawk,
and the ostrich, and the night-hawk, and the sea-gull, and the hawk after its kind,
17 small owls, cormorants, large owls,
and the little owl, and the cormorant, and the great owl,
18 white owls, desert owls, vultures that eat dead animals,
and the horned owl, and the pelican, and the carrion vulture,
19 storks, any kind of heron, hoopoes, and bats.
and the stork, the heron after its kind, and the hoopoe, and the bat.
20 You must detest [and not eat] flying insects that [sometimes] walk on the ground [MTY].
All winged creeping things that go upon all fours are an abomination to you.
21 But you are permitted to eat creatures with wings that sometimes walk on the ground if they have jointed legs for hopping around.
Yet these ye may eat of all winged creeping things that go upon all fours, which have legs above their feet, with which to leap upon the earth,
22 They include locusts, crickets, and grasshoppers.
even these of them ye may eat: the locust after its kind, and the bald locust after its kind, and the cricket after its kind, and the grasshopper after its kind.
23 But you must detest [and not eat] other insects with wings that have four legs.
But all winged creeping things, which have four feet, are an abomination to you,
24 ‘There are certain creatures that if you touch their carcasses you will become defiled. Anyone who touches their carcasses must not touch other people until that evening.
and by these ye shall become unclean. Whoever touches the carcass of them shall be unclean until the evening.
25 Anyone who picks up one of their carcasses must wash his clothes and not touch other people until that evening.
And whoever bears any of the carcass of them shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the evening.
26 ‘The animals whose carcasses you must not touch are those that have hooves that are not completely divided or animals that do not chew their cuds. Anyone who touches the carcasses of any of those animals becomes (defiled/unacceptable to me).
Every beast which parts the hoof, and is not cloven footed, nor chews the cud, is unclean to you. Everyone who touches them shall be unclean.
27 From all the animals that walk on the ground, you must not touch the carcasses of those that have paws to walk on. Anyone who touches one of their carcasses must not touch other people until that evening.
And whatever goes upon its paws, among all beasts that go on all fours, they are unclean to you. Whoever touches their carcass shall be unclean until the evening.
28 Anyone who picks up one of their carcasses must wash his clothes and not touch other people until that evening, because touching their carcasses (defiles you/causes you to become unacceptable to me).
And he who bears the carcass of them shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the evening; they are unclean to you.
29 ‘From all the animals that walk on the ground, these are the ones that (defile you/cause you to become unacceptable to me) [if you touch them]: Moles, rats, any kind of lizard,
And these are those which are unclean to you among the creeping things that creep upon the earth: the weasel, and the mouse, and the great lizard after its kind,
30 geckos, skinks, and chameleons.
and the gecko, and the land-crocodile, and the lizard, and the sand-lizard, and the chameleon.
31 Those creatures that scurry across the ground (defile you/cause you to become unacceptable to me); anyone who touches one of their carcasses must not touch other people until the evening.
These are those which are unclean to you among all that creep. Whoever touches them, when they are dead, shall be unclean until the evening.
32 When one of those creatures dies and falls on something, the thing that it falls on, whatever it is used for, will become (defiled/unacceptable to me), whether it is made of wood or cloth or the hide of some animal or from rough cloth. You must put it in water. Then you must not use it until that evening.
And upon whatever any of them falls when they are dead, it shall be unclean, whether it be any vessel of wood, or raiment, or skin, or sack. Whatever vessel it be, with which any work is done, it must be put into water, and it shall be unclean until the evening, then it shall be clean.
33 If one of them falls into a clay pot, everything in it becomes defiled, and you must break that pot into pieces.
And every earthen vessel, into which any of them falls, whatever is in it shall be unclean, and ye shall break it.
34 If you pour water from that pot on any food, you must not eat that food. And you must not drink any water from that pot.
All food therein which may be eaten, that on which water comes, shall be unclean, and all drink that may be drunk in every such vessel shall be unclean.
35 Anything that one of the carcasses of those creatures falls on becomes (defiled/unacceptable to me); even if it falls on an oven or a cooking pot, anything that it falls on must be broken into pieces. It becomes unacceptable to me and you must not use it again.
And everything upon which any part of their carcass falls shall be unclean, whether oven, or range for pots, it shall be broken in pieces; they are unclean, and shall be unclean to you.
36 If one of their carcasses falls into a spring or a pit for storing water, the water may still be drunk, but anyone who touches one of those carcasses becomes unacceptable to me.
Nevertheless a fountain or a pit in which is a gathering of water shall be clean, but that which touches their carcass shall be unclean.
37 If one of those carcasses falls on seeds that are to be planted, those seeds are still acceptable to be planted.
And if any of their carcass falls upon any sowing seed which is to be sown, it is clean.
38 But if water has been put on the seeds and then a carcass falls on them, the seeds must be thrown away.
But if water is put upon the seed, and any of their carcass falls in it, it is unclean to you.
39 ‘If an animal [whose meat] you are permitted to eat dies, anyone who touches its carcass must not touch other people until that evening.
And if any beast, of which ye may eat, dies, he who touches the carcass of it shall be unclean until the evening.
40 Anyone who eats some meat from that carcass must wash his clothes, and then he must not touch anyone until that evening.
And he who eats of the carcass of it shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the evening. He also who bears the carcass of it shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the evening.
41 ‘All creatures that scurry across the ground, including those that move on their bellies and those that crawl, are detestable, and they must not be eaten.
And every creeping thing that creeps upon the earth is an abomination; it shall not be eaten.
Whatever goes upon the belly, and whatever goes upon all fours, or whatever has many feet, even all creeping things that creep upon the earth, them ye shall not eat, for they are an abomination.
43 Do not (defile yourselves/cause you to become unacceptable to me) by [eating] any of those creatures [DOU].
Ye shall not make yourselves abominable with any creeping thing that creeps, nor shall ye make yourselves unclean with them, that ye should be defiled by it.
44 I am Yahweh your God, and I am holy, so you must consecrate yourselves and be holy. You must avoid eating things that cause you to be unacceptable to me. Do not cause yourselves to become unacceptable to me by eating creatures that scurry across the ground.
For I am Jehovah your God. Sanctify yourselves therefore, and become ye holy, since I am holy. Neither shall ye defile yourselves with any manner of creeping thing that moves upon the earth.
45 I am Yahweh, the one who freed you from [being slaves in] Egypt, in order to be your God. Therefore, because I am holy, you must be holy.
For I am Jehovah who brought you up out of the land of Egypt, to be your God. Ye shall therefore be holy, for I am holy.
46 'Those are the regulations concerning animals and birds, all the living creatures that live in water or scurry across the ground.
This is the law of the beast, and of the bird, and of every living creature that moves in the waters, and of every creature that creeps upon the earth,
47 You must learn what things [I say] are acceptable to me and what things are not, and learn what things you are permitted to eat and what things you are not permitted to eat.’”
to make a distinction between the unclean and the clean, and between the living thing that may be eaten and the living thing that may not be eaten.
