Exodus 22
1 Yahweh also said, “If someone steals a bull or a sheep, and then slaughters it [to sell it or to sacrifice it] or sells its [meat to someone else], he must pay five bulls for the bull [that he stole], and [he must pay] four sheep for the sheep [that he stole].
“Si un hombre roba un buey o una oveja, y lo mata o lo vende, deberá pagar cinco bueyes por un buey, y cuatro ovejas por una oveja.
2 If a thief is caught while he is breaking into someone else’s house [at night], if [the one who catches him] kills the thief, he is not guilty of murdering him.
Si el ladrón es encontrado entrando a la fuerza, y es golpeado de tal manera que muere, no habrá culpa de sangre para él.
3 But if that happens during the daytime, [the one who killed the thief] is guilty of murdering him. The thief must pay for what he stole. If he has no [animals with which to pay for the one that he stole], he must be sold to [become someone’s else’s slave and the money must be used] to pay for what he stole.
Si el sol ha salido sobre él, es culpable de derramamiento de sangre. Deberá restituirlo. Si no tiene nada, será vendido por su robo.
4 If the thief still has the animal when he is caught, whether it is a bull or a donkey or a sheep, and it is still alive, the thief must give back [the stolen animal as well as giving] two [additional] animals for each one that he stole.
Si la propiedad robada se encuentra en su mano con vida, ya sea buey, burro u oveja, deberá pagar el doble.
5 If someone allows his animals to (graze/eat the grass) in his field or in his vineyard, and if they stray away and eat the crops in another person’s field, the owner of the animals must pay [the owner of those crops] by giving him the best crops from his own field or vineyard.
“Si un hombre hace comer un campo o una viña dejando suelto a su animal, y éste pasta en el campo de otro, deberá restituirlo con lo mejor de su campo y con lo mejor de su viña.
6 Suppose someone starts a fire in his own field, and the fire spreads through the grass and starts burning in someone else’s field, and the fire burns grain that is growing or grain that is already [cut and] stacked. Then the person who started the fire must pay completely for the damage.
“Si se produce un incendio y se prende en las espinas, de modo que se consuman las mazorcas, el grano en pie o el campo, el que encendió el fuego deberá restituirlo.
7 Suppose someone gives to another person some money or other valuable goods and asks him to guard them [in his house for a while]. If those things are stolen from that person’s house, if the thief is caught, he must pay back twice [as much as he stole].
“Si un hombre entrega a su prójimo dinero o cosas para que las guarde, y se las roban en su casa, si el ladrón es encontrado, deberá pagar el doble.
8 But if the thief is not caught, the owner of the house [from which the things were stolen] must stand before the judges, so that the judges can determine whether [the owner of the house] was the one who took the other man’s goods [and sold them to someone else].
Si no se encuentra al ladrón, el dueño de la casa se acercará a Dios para averiguar si ha metido la mano en los bienes de su prójimo.
9 If two people argue about which one of them owns a bull or a donkey or a sheep or some clothing, or something else that has been lost, the two people who each claim/say that the item belongs to them must stand before the judges. The one whom the judges declare is lying must pay back [to the real owner] twice as many bulls or donkeys or sheep or pieces of clothing.
En todo asunto de transgresión, ya sea por buey, por asno, por oveja, por ropa o por cualquier cosa perdida, sobre la que uno diga: “Esto es mío”, la causa de ambas partes se presentará ante Dios. Aquel a quien Dios condene pagará el doble a su prójimo.
10 Suppose someone gives his donkey or bull or sheep or some other animal to someone else and asks him to take care of it [for a while], and the animal dies or is injured or is stolen while no one is watching.
“Si un hombre entrega a su prójimo un asno, un buey, una oveja o cualquier otro animal para que lo guarde, y éste muere o se daña, o se aleja, sin que nadie lo vea;
11 Then the person [who was taking care of the animal] must (swear/solemnly declare), knowing that God is listening, that he did not steal the animal. If he did not steal it the owner of the animal must accept/believe that the other person is telling the truth, and the other person will not have to pay anything back to the owner.
el juramento de Yahvé será entre ambos, no ha puesto su mano en los bienes de su prójimo; y su dueño lo aceptará, y no hará restitución.
12 But if the animal was stolen [while he was supposed to be taking care of it], the man who promised to take care of it must pay back the owner for the animal.
Pero si se lo roban, el que lo robó deberá restituirlo a su dueño.
13 If [he says that] the animal was killed by wild animals, he must bring back the remains of the animal that was killed and show it to the animal’s owner. If he does that, he will not have to pay anything for the animal.
Si se ha roto en pedazos, que lo traiga como prueba. No deberá restituir lo que fue roto.
14 If someone borrows an animal, and if that animal is hurt or dies when its owner is not there, the one who borrowed it must pay the owner for the animal.
“Si un hombre toma prestado algo de su prójimo, y se daña o muere, sin que su dueño esté con él, deberá restituirlo.
15 But if that happens when the owner of the animal is there, the one who borrowed it will not have to pay back anything. If the man who borrowed it only rented it, the money that he paid to rent it will be enough to pay for the animal [dying or being injured].”
Si su dueño está con ella, no deberá restituirla. Si se trata de una cosa alquilada, vendrá por su alquiler.
16 “If a man persuades a girl/woman to have sex with him, a girl/woman who (is a virgin/has never had sex with any man) and who is not engaged to be married, he must pay the bride price for her and marry her.
“Si un hombre seduce a una virgen que no está comprometida para casarse y se acuesta con ella, deberá pagar una dote para que sea su esposa.
17 But if her father refuses to allow her to marry him, he must pay to the woman’s father the amount of money that is equal to the amount of bride price money that men pay for virgins.
Si el padre de ella se niega rotundamente a dársela, deberá pagar el dinero correspondiente a la dote de las vírgenes.
18 You must execute any woman who (practices sorcery/is a shaman).
“No permitirás que viva una hechicera.
19 You must execute any person who has sex with an animal.
“El que tenga relaciones sexuales con un animal será condenado a muerte.
20 You [must offer sacrifices] only to Yahweh. You must execute anyone who offers a sacrifice to any [other] god.
“El que ofrezca sacrificios a cualquier dios, excepto a Yahvé solamente, será destruido por completo.
21 You must not mistreat a foreigner [who comes to live among you]. Do not forget that you were previously foreigners in Egypt.
“No agraviarás al extranjero ni lo oprimirás, pues fuisteis extranjeros en la tierra de Egipto.
22 You must not mistreat any widow or any orphan.
“No te aprovecharás de ninguna viuda ni de ningún huérfano.
23 If you mistreat them and they cry out to me [for help], I will hear them.
Si os aprovecháis de ellos, y ellos claman a mí, ciertamente oiré su clamor;
24 And I will be angry with you, and I will cause you to be killed in a war [MTY]. Your wives will become widows, and your children will no longer have fathers.
y mi ira se encenderá, y os mataré a espada; y vuestras mujeres serán viudas, y vuestros hijos huérfanos.
25 If you lend money to any of my people who are poor, do not act like a moneylender and require him to pay interest on the money.
“Si prestas dinero a alguno de mi pueblo que esté contigo y sea pobre, no serás para él como un acreedor. No le cobrarás intereses.
26 If he gives you his cloak to guarantee [that he will pay the money back], you must give the cloak back to him before the sun goes down,
Si tomas el vestido de tu prójimo como garantía, se lo devolverás antes de que se ponga el sol,
27 because he needs it to keep him warm [during the night]. (That is the only covering that poor people have when they sleep at night./What else will he cover himself with during the night?) [RHQ] [If you do not act mercifully toward him by returning his cloak], when he cries out to me asking for my help, I will help him, because I [always act] mercifully.
porque es su única cobertura, es su vestido para su piel. ¿Con qué va a dormir? Sucederá que cuando clame a mí, yo lo escucharé, porque soy clemente.
28 Do not (revile/speak evil about) me, and do not (curse/ask me to do harmful things to) any ruler of your people.
“No blasfemarás a Dios, ni maldecirás a un gobernante de tu pueblo.
29 (Do not withhold from/Give) me the best parts of the grain that you harvest and of the olive oil and the wine that you produce.
“No te demorarás en ofrecer de tu cosecha y de la salida de tus lagares. “Me darás el primogénito de tus hijos.
30 You must dedicate your firstborn sons to me. Similarly, your firstborn [male] cattle and sheep belong to me. After those animals are born, allow them to stay with their mothers for seven days. On the eighth day, offer them to me [as a sacrifice].
Lo mismo harás con tu ganado y con tus ovejas. Estará con su madre siete días, y al octavo día me lo darás.
31 You are people who are (completely dedicated to/set apart for) me. [And I detest] the meat of any animal that has been killed by wild animals. Therefore you should not eat such meat. Instead, throw it where the dogs [can eat it].”
“Seréis hombres santos para mí, por lo que no comeréis ninguna carne desgarrada por los animales en el campo. Se la echarán a los perros.
