Exodus 22
1 Yahweh also said, “If someone steals a bull or a sheep, and then slaughters it [to sell it or to sacrifice it] or sells its [meat to someone else], he must pay five bulls for the bull [that he stole], and [he must pay] four sheep for the sheep [that he stole].
Si quelqu’un vole un bœuf ou une brebis, et qu’il les tue ou les vende, il restituera cinq bœufs pour un bœuf et quatre brebis pour une brebis.
2 If a thief is caught while he is breaking into someone else’s house [at night], if [the one who catches him] kills the thief, he is not guilty of murdering him.
Si le voleur est trouvé forçant une maison ou la minant, et qu’il meure d’une blessure reçue, celui qui l’a frappé ne sera pas coupable de son sang.
3 But if that happens during the daytime, [the one who killed the thief] is guilty of murdering him. The thief must pay for what he stole. If he has no [animals with which to pay for the one that he stole], he must be sold to [become someone’s else’s slave and the money must be used] to pay for what he stole.
Que s’il a fait cela, le soleil levé, il a commis un homicide, et il mourra lui-même. S’il n’a pas de quoi rendre pour le larcin, il sera vendu lui-même.
4 If the thief still has the animal when he is caught, whether it is a bull or a donkey or a sheep, and it is still alive, the thief must give back [the stolen animal as well as giving] two [additional] animals for each one that he stole.
Si ce qu’il a volé est trouvé chez lui, vivant, soit un bœuf, soit un âne, soit une brebis, il restituera le double.
5 If someone allows his animals to (graze/eat the grass) in his field or in his vineyard, and if they stray away and eat the crops in another person’s field, the owner of the animals must pay [the owner of those crops] by giving him the best crops from his own field or vineyard.
Si quelqu’un endommage un champ ou une vigne, et qu’il laisse aller sa bête, pour qu’elle paisse ce qui est à autrui, il rendra tout ce qu’il aura de meilleur dans son champ, ou dans sa vigne, selon l’estimation du dommage.
6 Suppose someone starts a fire in his own field, and the fire spreads through the grass and starts burning in someone else’s field, and the fire burns grain that is growing or grain that is already [cut and] stacked. Then the person who started the fire must pay completely for the damage.
Si un feu qui s’élève trouve des épines et gagne un tas de gerbes, ou bien les blés sur pied dans les champs, celui qui a allumé le feu réparera le dommage.
7 Suppose someone gives to another person some money or other valuable goods and asks him to guard them [in his house for a while]. If those things are stolen from that person’s house, if the thief is caught, he must pay back twice [as much as he stole].
Si quelqu’un confie en garde à son ami de l’argent ou un objet quelconque, et qu’il soit volé à celui qui l’a reçu, si le voleur est trouvé, il rendra le double.
8 But if the thief is not caught, the owner of the house [from which the things were stolen] must stand before the judges, so that the judges can determine whether [the owner of the house] was the one who took the other man’s goods [and sold them to someone else].
Si le voleur reste inconnu, le maître de la maison sera conduit aux dieux, et il jurera qu’il n’a pas étendu sa main sur le bien de son prochain,
9 If two people argue about which one of them owns a bull or a donkey or a sheep or some clothing, or something else that has been lost, the two people who each claim/say that the item belongs to them must stand before the judges. The one whom the judges declare is lying must pay back [to the real owner] twice as many bulls or donkeys or sheep or pieces of clothing.
Pour commettre le vol, soit d’un bœuf, soit d’un âne, d’une brebis, d’un vêtement et de tout ce qui peut porter dommage; c’est devant les dieux que viendra la cause de l’un et de l’autre; et si ceux-ci le condamnent, il restituera le double à son prochain.
10 Suppose someone gives his donkey or bull or sheep or some other animal to someone else and asks him to take care of it [for a while], and the animal dies or is injured or is stolen while no one is watching.
Si quelqu’un confie en garde à son prochain un âne, un bœuf, une brebis, ou toute autre bête, et qu’elle meure, ou dépérisse, ou bien soit prise par les ennemis, et que personne ne l’ait vu,
11 Then the person [who was taking care of the animal] must (swear/solemnly declare), knowing that God is listening, that he did not steal the animal. If he did not steal it the owner of the animal must accept/believe that the other person is telling the truth, and the other person will not have to pay anything back to the owner.
Interviendra le serment qu’il n’a pas étendu sa main sur le bien de son prochain, et le maître recevra le serment, et celui-là ne sera pas contraint de rendre.
12 But if the animal was stolen [while he was supposed to be taking care of it], the man who promised to take care of it must pay back the owner for the animal.
Que si c’est par un vol que la bête a été enlevée, il réparera le dommage envers le maître.
13 If [he says that] the animal was killed by wild animals, he must bring back the remains of the animal that was killed and show it to the animal’s owner. If he does that, he will not have to pay anything for the animal.
Si elle a été mangée par une bête sauvage, qu’il lui apporte ce qui sera resté, et il ne restituera pas.
14 If someone borrows an animal, and if that animal is hurt or dies when its owner is not there, the one who borrowed it must pay the owner for the animal.
Si quelqu’un demande en prêt à son prochain quelqu’une de ses bêtes, et qu’elle dépérisse ou meure, le maître n’étant pas présent, il sera forcé de la rendre.
15 But if that happens when the owner of the animal is there, the one who borrowed it will not have to pay back anything. If the man who borrowed it only rented it, the money that he paid to rent it will be enough to pay for the animal [dying or being injured].”
Que si le maître se trouve présent, il ne restituera pas, surtout s’il était venu la louer, pour le prix de son travail.
16 “If a man persuades a girl/woman to have sex with him, a girl/woman who (is a virgin/has never had sex with any man) and who is not engaged to be married, he must pay the bride price for her and marry her.
Si quelqu’un séduit une vierge non encore fiancée, et dort avec elle, il la dotera et la prendra pour femme.
17 But if her father refuses to allow her to marry him, he must pay to the woman’s father the amount of money that is equal to the amount of bride price money that men pay for virgins.
Si le père de la vierge ne veut pas la donner, il rendra de l’argent selon la dot que les vierges ont coutume de recevoir.
18 You must execute any woman who (practices sorcery/is a shaman).
Tu ne laisseras pas vivre ceux qui usent de maléfices.
19 You must execute any person who has sex with an animal.
Que celui qui commet un crime avec une bête, meure de mort.
20 You [must offer sacrifices] only to Yahweh. You must execute anyone who offers a sacrifice to any [other] god.
Celui qui sacrifie à d’autres dieux qu’au Seigneur seul sera mis à mort.
21 You must not mistreat a foreigner [who comes to live among you]. Do not forget that you were previously foreigners in Egypt.
Tu ne contristeras point l’étranger, et tu ne l’affligeras point; car vous avez été étrangers vous-mêmes dans la terre d’Egypte.
22 You must not mistreat any widow or any orphan.
Vous ne nuirez point à la veuve et à l’orphelin.
23 If you mistreat them and they cry out to me [for help], I will hear them.
Si vous les offensez, ils crieront fortement vers moi, et j’entendrai leur clameur;
24 And I will be angry with you, and I will cause you to be killed in a war [MTY]. Your wives will become widows, and your children will no longer have fathers.
Et ma fureur s’indignera, puis je vous frapperai du glaive, et vos femmes seront veuves et vos fils orphelins.
25 If you lend money to any of my people who are poor, do not act like a moneylender and require him to pay interest on the money.
Si tu prêtes de l’argent à mon peuple pauvre qui habite avec toi, tu ne le presseras point comme un exacteur, et tu ne l’accableras point d’usures.
26 If he gives you his cloak to guarantee [that he will pay the money back], you must give the cloak back to him before the sun goes down,
Si tu prends en gage de ton prochain un vêtement, tu lui rendras avant le coucher du soleil.
27 because he needs it to keep him warm [during the night]. (That is the only covering that poor people have when they sleep at night./What else will he cover himself with during the night?) [RHQ] [If you do not act mercifully toward him by returning his cloak], when he cries out to me asking for my help, I will help him, because I [always act] mercifully.
Car c’est le seul dont il se couvre, le seul vêtement de sa chair, et il n’en a pas un autre dans lequel il dorme: s’il crie vers moi, je l’exaucerai, parce que je suis miséricordieux.
28 Do not (revile/speak evil about) me, and do not (curse/ask me to do harmful things to) any ruler of your people.
Tu ne parleras point mal des dieux, et tu ne maudiras point le prince de ton peuple.
29 (Do not withhold from/Give) me the best parts of the grain that you harvest and of the olive oil and the wine that you produce.
Tu ne différeras point à rendre tes dîmes et tes prémices: tu me donneras le premier-né de tes fils.
30 You must dedicate your firstborn sons to me. Similarly, your firstborn [male] cattle and sheep belong to me. After those animals are born, allow them to stay with their mothers for seven days. On the eighth day, offer them to me [as a sacrifice].
Pour tes bœufs aussi et tes brebis tu feras de même: que pendant sept jours le premier-né soit avec sa mère, et au huitième jour tu me le rendras.
31 You are people who are (completely dedicated to/set apart for) me. [And I detest] the meat of any animal that has been killed by wild animals. Therefore you should not eat such meat. Instead, throw it where the dogs [can eat it].”
Vous me serez des hommes consacrés; vous ne mangerez point de la chair dont les bêtes sauvages auront déjà goûté, mais vous la jetterez aux chiens.
