Exodus 22
1 Yahweh also said, “If someone steals a bull or a sheep, and then slaughters it [to sell it or to sacrifice it] or sells its [meat to someone else], he must pay five bulls for the bull [that he stole], and [he must pay] four sheep for the sheep [that he stole].
« Si un homme vole un bœuf ou une brebis, et le tue ou le vend, il paiera cinq bœufs pour un bœuf, et quatre brebis pour une brebis.
2 If a thief is caught while he is breaking into someone else’s house [at night], if [the one who catches him] kills the thief, he is not guilty of murdering him.
Si le voleur est trouvé en train d'entrer par effraction, et qu'il soit frappé de telle sorte qu'il meure, il ne sera pas coupable d'effusion de sang pour lui.
3 But if that happens during the daytime, [the one who killed the thief] is guilty of murdering him. The thief must pay for what he stole. If he has no [animals with which to pay for the one that he stole], he must be sold to [become someone’s else’s slave and the money must be used] to pay for what he stole.
Si le soleil s'est levé sur lui, il est coupable d'effusion de sang. Il devra le restituer. S'il n'a rien, il sera vendu pour son vol.
4 If the thief still has the animal when he is caught, whether it is a bull or a donkey or a sheep, and it is still alive, the thief must give back [the stolen animal as well as giving] two [additional] animals for each one that he stole.
Si le bien volé est trouvé vivant entre ses mains, qu'il s'agisse d'un bœuf, d'un âne ou d'un mouton, il paiera le double.
5 If someone allows his animals to (graze/eat the grass) in his field or in his vineyard, and if they stray away and eat the crops in another person’s field, the owner of the animals must pay [the owner of those crops] by giving him the best crops from his own field or vineyard.
« Si un homme fait paître un champ ou une vigne en laissant son animal en liberté, et que celui-ci paisse dans le champ d'un autre homme, il devra le restituer sur le meilleur de son champ et sur le meilleur de sa vigne.
6 Suppose someone starts a fire in his own field, and the fire spreads through the grass and starts burning in someone else’s field, and the fire burns grain that is growing or grain that is already [cut and] stacked. Then the person who started the fire must pay completely for the damage.
« Si un feu éclate et s'accroche à des épines, de sorte que les chocs du grain, le grain sur pied ou le champ soient consumés, celui qui a allumé le feu devra le restituer.
7 Suppose someone gives to another person some money or other valuable goods and asks him to guard them [in his house for a while]. If those things are stolen from that person’s house, if the thief is caught, he must pay back twice [as much as he stole].
« Si un homme livre à son prochain de l'argent ou des objets à garder, et qu'on les vole dans la maison de cet homme, si le voleur est trouvé, il paiera le double.
8 But if the thief is not caught, the owner of the house [from which the things were stolen] must stand before the judges, so that the judges can determine whether [the owner of the house] was the one who took the other man’s goods [and sold them to someone else].
Si le voleur n'est pas trouvé, le maître de la maison s'approchera de Dieu, pour savoir s'il a mis la main sur les biens de son prochain.
9 If two people argue about which one of them owns a bull or a donkey or a sheep or some clothing, or something else that has been lost, the two people who each claim/say that the item belongs to them must stand before the judges. The one whom the judges declare is lying must pay back [to the real owner] twice as many bulls or donkeys or sheep or pieces of clothing.
Pour toute affaire de dépouillement, qu'il s'agisse d'un bœuf, d'un âne, d'un mouton, d'un vêtement, ou de toute autre chose perdue, au sujet de laquelle quelqu'un dit: « Ceci est à moi », la cause des deux parties sera portée devant Dieu. Celui que Dieu condamne devra payer le double à son prochain.
10 Suppose someone gives his donkey or bull or sheep or some other animal to someone else and asks him to take care of it [for a while], and the animal dies or is injured or is stolen while no one is watching.
« Si un homme livre à son prochain un âne, un bœuf, un mouton, ou tout autre animal à garder, et qu'il meure, soit blessé, soit chassé, sans que personne ne le voie,
11 Then the person [who was taking care of the animal] must (swear/solemnly declare), knowing that God is listening, that he did not steal the animal. If he did not steal it the owner of the animal must accept/believe that the other person is telling the truth, and the other person will not have to pay anything back to the owner.
le serment de Yahvé sera entre eux deux: il n'a pas mis la main sur le bien de son prochain; son propriétaire l'acceptera, et il ne le restituera pas.
12 But if the animal was stolen [while he was supposed to be taking care of it], the man who promised to take care of it must pay back the owner for the animal.
Mais s'il lui est volé, celui qui a volé devra le restituer à son propriétaire.
13 If [he says that] the animal was killed by wild animals, he must bring back the remains of the animal that was killed and show it to the animal’s owner. If he does that, he will not have to pay anything for the animal.
S'il est déchiré en morceaux, qu'il l'apporte comme preuve. Il ne restituera pas ce qui a été déchiré.
14 If someone borrows an animal, and if that animal is hurt or dies when its owner is not there, the one who borrowed it must pay the owner for the animal.
Si un homme emprunte un objet à son prochain, et que cet objet se blesse ou meurt sans que son propriétaire soit avec lui, il devra le restituer.
15 But if that happens when the owner of the animal is there, the one who borrowed it will not have to pay back anything. If the man who borrowed it only rented it, the money that he paid to rent it will be enough to pay for the animal [dying or being injured].”
Si son propriétaire est avec elle, il ne la restituera pas. Si c'est un objet loué, il est venu pour son bail.
16 “If a man persuades a girl/woman to have sex with him, a girl/woman who (is a virgin/has never had sex with any man) and who is not engaged to be married, he must pay the bride price for her and marry her.
Si un homme séduit une vierge qui n'est pas promise au mariage et couche avec elle, il paiera une dot pour qu'elle devienne sa femme.
17 But if her father refuses to allow her to marry him, he must pay to the woman’s father the amount of money that is equal to the amount of bride price money that men pay for virgins.
Si son père refuse catégoriquement de la lui donner, il paiera une somme d'argent correspondant à la dot des vierges.
18 You must execute any woman who (practices sorcery/is a shaman).
« Tu ne permettras pas à une sorcière de vivre.
19 You must execute any person who has sex with an animal.
« Celui qui aura des rapports sexuels avec un animal sera puni de mort.
20 You [must offer sacrifices] only to Yahweh. You must execute anyone who offers a sacrifice to any [other] god.
« Celui qui sacrifie à un dieu quelconque, sauf à Yahvé seul, sera anéanti.
21 You must not mistreat a foreigner [who comes to live among you]. Do not forget that you were previously foreigners in Egypt.
« Tu ne feras pas tort à un étranger et tu ne l'opprimeras pas, car vous étiez des étrangers dans le pays d'Égypte.
22 You must not mistreat any widow or any orphan.
« Vous ne profiterez d'aucune veuve ni d'aucun orphelin.
23 If you mistreat them and they cry out to me [for help], I will hear them.
Si tu en profites, et qu'ils crient vers moi, j'entendrai leur cri;
24 And I will be angry with you, and I will cause you to be killed in a war [MTY]. Your wives will become widows, and your children will no longer have fathers.
ma colère s'enflammera, et je vous tuerai par l'épée; vos femmes seront veuves, et vos enfants orphelins.
25 If you lend money to any of my people who are poor, do not act like a moneylender and require him to pay interest on the money.
« Si tu prêtes de l'argent à un pauvre de mon peuple qui est avec toi, tu ne seras pas pour lui un créancier. Tu ne lui demanderas pas d'intérêt.
26 If he gives you his cloak to guarantee [that he will pay the money back], you must give the cloak back to him before the sun goes down,
Si tu prends en gage le vêtement de ton prochain, tu le lui rendras avant le coucher du soleil,
27 because he needs it to keep him warm [during the night]. (That is the only covering that poor people have when they sleep at night./What else will he cover himself with during the night?) [RHQ] [If you do not act mercifully toward him by returning his cloak], when he cries out to me asking for my help, I will help him, because I [always act] mercifully.
car c'est sa seule couverture, c'est son vêtement pour sa peau. Dans quoi dormira-t-il? S'il crie vers moi, j'entendrai, car je suis miséricordieux.
28 Do not (revile/speak evil about) me, and do not (curse/ask me to do harmful things to) any ruler of your people.
« Tu ne blasphémeras pas Dieu et tu ne maudiras pas un chef de ton peuple.
29 (Do not withhold from/Give) me the best parts of the grain that you harvest and of the olive oil and the wine that you produce.
« Tu ne tarderas pas à offrir de ta récolte et de l'écoulement de tes presses. « Vous me donnerez le premier-né de vos fils.
30 You must dedicate your firstborn sons to me. Similarly, your firstborn [male] cattle and sheep belong to me. After those animals are born, allow them to stay with their mothers for seven days. On the eighth day, offer them to me [as a sacrifice].
Tu feras de même avec ton bétail et avec tes brebis. Il restera sept jours avec sa mère, puis le huitième jour, vous me le donnerez.
31 You are people who are (completely dedicated to/set apart for) me. [And I detest] the meat of any animal that has been killed by wild animals. Therefore you should not eat such meat. Instead, throw it where the dogs [can eat it].”
« Vous serez pour moi des hommes saints, c'est pourquoi vous ne mangerez pas de viande déchirée par les animaux dans les champs. Vous la jetterez aux chiens.
