Genesis 10

1 Now these are the generations of the sons of Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth: these are the sons which they had after the great flow of waters

(This is/I will now give) a list of the descendants of Noah’s sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth. They had many children after the flood.

2 The sons of Japheth: Gomer and Magog and Madai and Javan and Tubal and Meshech and Tiras.

The sons of Japheth were Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

3 And the sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz and Riphath and Togarmah.

The sons of Gomer were Askenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah.

4 And the sons of Javan: Elishah and Tarshish, the Kittim and the Dodanim.

The sons of Javan were Elishah, Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim.

5 From these came the nations of the sea-lands, with their different families and languages.

Those sons and their families who were descended from Javan lived on the islands and on the land close to the [Mediterranean] Sea. Their descendants became tribes, each with its own language and clans and territory.

6 And the sons of Ham: Cush and Mizraim and Put and Canaan.

The descendants of Ham were Cush, Egypt, Put, and Canaan.

7 And the sons of Cush: Seba and Havilah and Sabtah and Raamah and Sabteca; and the sons of Raamah: Sheba and Dedan.

The descendants of Cush were Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah, and Sabteca. The descendants of Raamah were Sheba and Dedan.

8 And Cush was the father of Nimrod, who was the first of the great men of the earth.

Another one of Cush’s descendants was Nimrod. Nimrod was the first person on earth who became a mighty warrior.

9 He was a very great bowman, so that there is a saying, Like Nimrod, a very great bowman.

Yahweh saw that he had become (OR, caused him to become) a great hunter. That is why people say to a great hunter, “Yahweh (sees that you are/has caused you to be) a great hunter like Nimrod.”

10 And at the first, his kingdom was Babel and Erech and Accad and Calneh, in the land of Shinar.

Nimrod became a king who ruled in Babylonia. The first cities over which he ruled were Babel, Erech, Accad, and Calneh.

11 From that land he went out into Assyria, building Nineveh with its wide streets and Calah,

From there he went [with others] to Assyria and built the cities of Nineveh, Rehoboth-Ir, Calah,

12 And Resen between Nineveh and Calah, which is a very great town.

and Resen. Resen was a large city between Nineveh and Calah.

13 And Mizraim was the father of the Ludim and Anamim and Lehabim and Naphtuhim;

Ham’s son, Egypt, became the ancestor of the Lud, Anam, Lehab and Naphtuh,

14 And Pathrusim and Casluhim and Caphtorim, from whom came the Philistines.

Pathrus, Casluh and Caphtor people-groups. The Philistine people were descended from Casluh.

15 And Canaan was the father of Zidon, who was his oldest son, and Heth,

Ham’s youngest son, Canaan, became the father of Sidon, who was his eldest son, and Heth, his younger son.

16 And the Jebusite and the Amorite and the Girgashite,

Canaan was also the ancestor of the Jebus, Amor, Girgash,

17 And the Hivite and the Arkite and the Sinite,

Hiv, Ark, Sin,

18 And the Arvadite and the Zemarite and the Hamathite; after that the families of the Canaanites went far and wide in all directions;

Arved, Zemar and Hamath people-groups. Later the descendants of Canaan dispersed over a large area.

19 Their country stretching from Zidon to Gaza, in the direction of Gerar; and to Lasha, in the direction of Sodom and Gomorrah and Admah and Zeboiim.

Their land extended from Sidon [city] in the north as far south as Gaza [town], and then to the east as far as Gerar [town], and then farther east to Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim [towns], and even as far as Lasha [town].

20 All these, with their different families, languages, lands, and nations, are the offspring of Ham.

Those are the descendants of Ham. They became groups that had their own clans, their own languages, and their own land.

21 And Shem, the older brother of Japheth, the father of the children of Eber, had other sons in addition.

Shem, the older brother of Japheth, became the father of Eber, and the ancestor of all the descendants of Eber.

22 These are the sons of Shem: Elam and Asshur and Arpachshad and Lud and Aram.

The sons of Shem were Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram.

23 And the sons of Aram: Uz and Hul and Gether and Mash.

The sons of Aram were Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash.

24 And Arpachshad became the father of Shelah; and Shelah became the father of Eber.

Arphaxad became the father of Shelah. Shelah became the father of Eber.

25 And Eber had two sons: the name of the one was Peleg, because in his time the peoples of the earth became separate; and his brother's name was Joktan.

Eber became the father of two sons. One of them was named Peleg, [which means ‘division’], because during the time he lived, people on [MTY] the earth became divided and scattered everywhere. Peleg’s younger brother was Joktan.

26 And Joktan was the father of Almodad and Sheleph and Hazarmaveth and Jerah

Joktan became the ancestor of Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah,

27 And Hadoram and Uzal and Diklah

Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah,

28 And Obal and Abimael and Sheba

Obal, Abimael, Sheba,

29 And Ophir and Havilah and Jobab; all these were the sons of Joktan.

Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All those people were descended from Joktan.

30 And their country was from Mesha, in the direction of Sephar, the mountain of the east.

The areas in which they lived extended from Mesha westward to Sephar, which is in the (hill country/area that has a lot of hills).

31 These, with their families and their languages and their lands and their nations, are the offspring of Shem.

They are descendants of Shem. They became groups that had their own clans, their own languages, and their own land.

32 These are the families of the sons of Noah, in the order of their generations and their nations: from these came all the nations of the earth after the great flow of waters.

All those groups descended from the sons of Noah. Each group had its own (genealogy/record of people’s ancestors) and each became a separate ethnic group. Those ethnic groups formed after the flood and spread all around the earth.