Jozua 12:8
8 Wat op het gebergte, en in de laagte, en in het vlakke veld, en in de aflopingen der wateren, en in de woestijn, en tegen het zuiden was: de Hethieten, de Amorieten, en Kanaanieten, de Ferezieten, de Hevieten, en de Jebusieten.
૮આ વિસ્તારમાં પહાડી પ્રદેશ, નીચાણવાળો પ્રદેશ, અરાબા, પર્વતોના ઢોળાવનો પ્રદેશ, અરણ્ય અને નેગેબનો સમાવેશ થતો હતો. તેમાં હિત્તીઓ, અમોરીઓ, કનાનીઓ, પરિઝીઓ, હિવ્વીઓ અને યબૂસીઓનો વસવાટ હતો.
in the
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ב
Hebrew:
בָּ/הָ֣ר
Transliteration:
ba.
Context:
Next word
Gloss:
in
Morphhology:
Preposition (Definite)
Grammar:
a RELATIONSHIP to another person or thing with an indication that it is important or it has been referred to
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ב
Transliteration:
b
Gloss:
in/on/with
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix beth: in, among, with
hill country
Strongs:
Lexicon:
הַר
Hebrew:
בָּ/הָ֣ר
Transliteration:
Har
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Morphhology:
Noun (Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
a reference to a male PERSON OR THING
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Additional:
mountain
Tyndale
Word:
הַר
Origin:
a Meaning of h2022G
Transliteration:
har
Gloss:
mountain: hill country
Morphhology:
Hebrew Noun Male
Definition:
hill_country hill, mountain, hill country, mount A sub-meaning of har (הַר ": mount" h2022)
Strongs > h2022
Word:
הַר
Transliteration:
har
Pronounciation:
har
Language:
Hebrew
Morphhology:
Noun Masculine
Definition:
a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively); hill (country), mount(-ain), [idiom] promotion.; a shortened form of h2042 (הָרָר)
and
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ו
Hebrew:
וּ/בַ/שְּׁפֵלָ֗ה
Transliteration:
u.
Context:
Next word
Morphhology:
Conjunction
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/וְ
Transliteration:
v
Gloss:
and
Morphhology:
Hebrew Conjunction
Definition:
Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (‘and/but’)
in the
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ב
Hebrew:
וּ/בַ/שְּׁפֵלָ֗ה
Transliteration:
va.
Context:
Continue previous word
Gloss:
in
Morphhology:
Preposition (Definite)
Grammar:
a RELATIONSHIP to another person or thing with an indication that it is important or it has been referred to
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ב
Transliteration:
b
Gloss:
in/on/with
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix beth: in, among, with
Shephelah
Strongs:
Lexicon:
שְׁפֵלָה
Hebrew:
וּ/בַ/שְּׁפֵלָ֗ה
Transliteration:
she.fe.Lah
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Morphhology:
Noun (Singular Feminine, Absolute)
Grammar:
a reference to a female PERSON OR THING
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Additional:
Shephelah @ Deu.1.7-Zec
Tyndale
Word:
שְׁפֵלָה
Transliteration:
she.phe.lah
Gloss:
Shephelah
Morphhology:
Proper Name Noun Location
Definition:
lowland, valley 1a) lowland 1a1) strip west of Judean mountains (technical term) 1a1a) the Shephelah 1a2) strip near coast north of Carmel
Strongs
Word:
שְׁפֵלָה
Transliteration:
shᵉphêlâh
Pronounciation:
shef-ay-law'
Language:
Proper Name
Morphhology:
Noun Feminine
Definition:
Lowland, i.e. (with the article) the maritime slope of Palestine; low country, (low) plain, vale(-ley).; from h8213 (שָׁפֵל)
and
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ו
Hebrew:
וּ/בָֽ/עֲרָבָה֙
Transliteration:
u.
Context:
Next word
Morphhology:
Conjunction
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/וְ
Transliteration:
v
Gloss:
and
Morphhology:
Hebrew Conjunction
Definition:
Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (‘and/but’)
in the
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ב
Hebrew:
וּ/בָֽ/עֲרָבָה֙
Transliteration:
va.
Context:
Continue previous word
Gloss:
in
Morphhology:
Preposition (Definite)
Grammar:
a RELATIONSHIP to another person or thing with an indication that it is important or it has been referred to
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ב
Transliteration:
b
Gloss:
in/on/with
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix beth: in, among, with
Arabah
Strongs:
Lexicon:
עֲרָבָה
Hebrew:
וּ/בָֽ/עֲרָבָה֙
Transliteration:
'a.ra.Vah
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Morphhology:
Proper Noun (Location)
Grammar:
the NAME of a location
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Additional:
Arabah @ Deu.1.1-Zec
Tyndale
Word:
עֲרָבָה
Transliteration:
a.ra.vah
Gloss:
Arabah
Morphhology:
Proper Name Noun Location
Definition:
§ desert plain, steppe, desert, wilderness
Strongs > h6160
Word:
עֲרָבָה
Transliteration:
ʻărâbâh
Pronounciation:
ar-aw-baw'
Language:
Hebrew
Morphhology:
Noun Feminine
and
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ו
Hebrew:
וּ/בָ֣/אֲשֵׁד֔וֹת
Transliteration:
u.
Context:
Next word
Morphhology:
Conjunction
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/וְ
Transliteration:
v
Gloss:
and
Morphhology:
Hebrew Conjunction
Definition:
Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (‘and/but’)
on the
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ב
Hebrew:
וּ/בָ֣/אֲשֵׁד֔וֹת
Transliteration:
Va.
Context:
Continue previous word
Gloss:
in
Morphhology:
Preposition (Definite)
Grammar:
a RELATIONSHIP to another person or thing with an indication that it is important or it has been referred to
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ב
Transliteration:
b
Gloss:
in/on/with
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix beth: in, among, with
slopes
Strongs:
Lexicon:
אֲשֵׁדָה
Hebrew:
וּ/בָ֣/אֲשֵׁד֔וֹת
Transliteration:
'a.she.Dot
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Gloss:
slope
Morphhology:
Noun (Plural Feminine, Absolute)
Grammar:
a reference to female PEOPLE OR THINGS
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
אֲשֵׁדָה
Transliteration:
a.she.dah
Gloss:
slope
Morphhology:
Hebrew Noun Female
Definition:
foundation, slope
Strongs
Word:
אֲשֵׁדָה
Transliteration:
ʼăshêdâh
Pronounciation:
ash-ay-daw'
Language:
Hebrew
Morphhology:
Noun Feminine
Definition:
a ravine; springs.; feminine of h793 (אֶשֶׁד)
and
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ו
Hebrew:
וּ/בַ/מִּדְבָּ֖ר
Transliteration:
u.
Context:
Next word
Morphhology:
Conjunction
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/וְ
Transliteration:
v
Gloss:
and
Morphhology:
Hebrew Conjunction
Definition:
Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (‘and/but’)
in the
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ב
Hebrew:
וּ/בַ/מִּדְבָּ֖ר
Transliteration:
va.
Context:
Continue previous word
Gloss:
in
Morphhology:
Preposition (Definite)
Grammar:
a RELATIONSHIP to another person or thing with an indication that it is important or it has been referred to
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ב
Transliteration:
b
Gloss:
in/on/with
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix beth: in, among, with
wilderness
Strongs:
Lexicon:
מִדְבָּר
Hebrew:
וּ/בַ/מִּדְבָּ֖ר
Transliteration:
mid.Bar
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Morphhology:
Noun (Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
a reference to a male PERSON OR THING
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
מִדְבָּר
Transliteration:
mid.bar
Gloss:
wilderness
Morphhology:
Hebrew Noun Male
Definition:
wilderness 1a) pasture 1b) uninhabited land, wilderness 1c) large tracts of wilderness (around cities) 1d) wilderness (fig.)
Strongs > h4057
Word:
מִדְבָּר
Transliteration:
midbâr
Pronounciation:
mid-bawr'
Language:
Hebrew
Morphhology:
Noun Masculine
Definition:
a pasture (i.e. open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert; also speech (including its organs); desert, south, speech, wilderness.; from h1696 (דָבַר) in the sense of driving
and
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ו
Hebrew:
וּ/בַ/נֶּ֑גֶב
Transliteration:
u.
Context:
Next word
Morphhology:
Conjunction
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/וְ
Transliteration:
v
Gloss:
and
Morphhology:
Hebrew Conjunction
Definition:
Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (‘and/but’)
in the
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ב
Hebrew:
וּ/בַ/נֶּ֑גֶב
Transliteration:
va.
Context:
Continue previous word
Gloss:
in
Morphhology:
Preposition (Definite)
Grammar:
a RELATIONSHIP to another person or thing with an indication that it is important or it has been referred to
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ב
Transliteration:
b
Gloss:
in/on/with
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix beth: in, among, with
Negev
Strongs:
Lexicon:
נֶ֫גֶב
Hebrew:
וּ/בַ/נֶּ֑גֶב
Transliteration:
Ne.gev
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Gloss:
Negeb
Morphhology:
Proper Noun (Location)
Grammar:
the NAME of a location
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Additional:
Negeb @ Gen.12.9-Zec
Tyndale
Word:
נֶ֫גֶב
Transliteration:
ne.gev
Gloss:
Negeb
Morphhology:
Proper Name Noun Location
Definition:
region of southern Judah Also named: ne.gev (נֶ֫גֶב "south" h5045H) This name means south-country
Strongs > h5045
Word:
נֶגֶב
Transliteration:
negeb
Pronounciation:
neh'-gheb
Language:
Hebrew
Morphhology:
Noun Masculine
Definition:
the south (from its drought); specifically, the Negeb or southern district of Judah, occasionally, Egypt (as south to Palestine); south (country, side, -ward).; from an unused root meaning to be parched
the
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ה
Hebrew:
הַֽ/חִתִּי֙
Transliteration:
ha.
Context:
Next word
Morphhology:
Definite article (Hebrew)
Grammar:
an INDICATOR that this is important or it has been referred to
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ה
Transliteration:
ha
Gloss:
[the]
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix hé article: "the" for a subject, not object
Hittite[s]
Strongs:
Lexicon:
חִתִּי
Hebrew:
הַֽ/חִתִּי֙
Transliteration:
chi.Ti
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Gloss:
Hittite
Morphhology:
Noun (Gentilic, Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
male members of a NAMED group
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Additional:
Heth @ Gen.10.15-Ezk
Tyndale
Word:
חִתִּי
Origin:
a group of h2845
Transliteration:
chit.ti
Gloss:
Hittite
Morphhology:
Proper Name Noun Gentilic Person
Definition:
Someone descended from Heth who was a man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.15; son of: Canaan (h3667); brother of: Sidon (h6721), Jebusite (h2983), Amorite (h567), Girgashite (h1622), Hivite (h2340), Arkite (h6208), Sinite (h5513), Arvadite (h721), Zemarite (h6786) and Hamathite (h2577); also called Hittite (KJV: "of Heth") frequently Group of chet (חֵת "Heth" h2845) § Hittite = "descendant of Heth" the nation descended from Heth, the 2nd son of Canaan; once inhabitants of central Anatolia (modern Turkey), later in north Lebanon
Strongs
Word:
חִתִּי
Transliteration:
Chittîy
Pronounciation:
khit-tee'
Language:
Proper Name
Morphhology:
Noun Masculine
Definition:
a Chittite, or descendant of Cheth; Hittite, Hittities.; patronymically from h2845 (חֵת)
the
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ה
Hebrew:
הָֽ/אֱמֹרִ֔י
Transliteration:
ha.
Context:
Next word
Morphhology:
Definite article (Hebrew)
Grammar:
an INDICATOR that this is important or it has been referred to
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ה
Transliteration:
ha
Gloss:
[the]
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix hé article: "the" for a subject, not object
Amorite[s]
Strongs:
Lexicon:
אֱמֹרִי
Hebrew:
הָֽ/אֱמֹרִ֔י
Transliteration:
'e.mo.Ri
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Gloss:
Amorite
Morphhology:
Noun (Gentilic, Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
male members of a NAMED group
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Additional:
Amorites @ Gen.10.16-Amo
Tyndale
Word:
אֱמֹרִי
Transliteration:
e.mo.ri
Gloss:
Amorite
Morphhology:
Proper Name Noun Gentilic Location
Definition:
Someone descended from Amor, first mentioned at Gen.10.16; descended from Canaan (h3667); along with Sidon (h6721), Heth (h2845), Jebusite (h2983), Girgashite (h1622), Hivite (h2340), Arkite (h6208), Sinite (h5513), Arvadite (h721), Zemarite (h6786) and Hamathite (h2577) § Amorite = "a sayer" one of the peoples of east Canaan and beyond the Jordan, dispossessed by the Israelite incursion from Egypt
Strongs
Word:
אֱמֹרִי
Transliteration:
ʼĔmôrîy
Pronounciation:
em-o-ree'
Language:
Proper Name
Morphhology:
Noun Masculine
Definition:
an Emorite, one of the Canaanitish tribes; Amorite.; probably a patronymic from an unused name derived from h559 (אָמַר) in the sense of publicity, i.e. prominence; thus, a mountaineer
and
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ו
Hebrew:
וְ/הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִי֙
Transliteration:
ve.
Context:
Next word
Morphhology:
Conjunction
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/וְ
Transliteration:
v
Gloss:
and
Morphhology:
Hebrew Conjunction
Definition:
Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (‘and/but’)
the
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ה
Hebrew:
וְ/הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִי֙
Transliteration:
ha.
Context:
Continue previous word
Morphhology:
Definite article (Hebrew)
Grammar:
an INDICATOR that this is important or it has been referred to
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ה
Transliteration:
ha
Gloss:
[the]
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix hé article: "the" for a subject, not object
Canaanite[s]
Strongs:
Lexicon:
כְּנַעֲנִי
Hebrew:
וְ/הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִי֙
Transliteration:
ke.na.'a.Ni
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Gloss:
Canaanite
Morphhology:
Noun (Gentilic, Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
male members of a NAMED group
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Additional:
Canaan @ Gen.10.18-Act
Tyndale
Word:
כְּנַעֲנִי
Origin:
a group of h3667A
Transliteration:
ke.na.a.ni
Gloss:
Canaanite
Morphhology:
Proper Name Noun Gentilic Location
Definition:
Group of ke.na.an (כְּנַ֫עַן "Canaan" h3667A) § Canaanite, of Cana "zealous" adj descendant or inhabitant of Canaan
Strongs > h3669
Word:
כְּנַעַנִי
Transliteration:
Kᵉnaʻanîy
Pronounciation:
ken-ah-an-ee'
Language:
Proper Name
Definition:
a Kenaanite or inhabitant of Kenaan; by implication, a pedlar (the Canaanites standing for their neighbors the Ishmaelites, who conducted mercantile caravans); Canaanite, merchant, trafficker.; patrial from h3667 (כְּנַעַן)
the
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ה
Hebrew:
הַ/פְּרִזִּ֔י
Transliteration:
ha.
Context:
Next word
Morphhology:
Definite article (Hebrew)
Grammar:
an INDICATOR that this is important or it has been referred to
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ה
Transliteration:
ha
Gloss:
[the]
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix hé article: "the" for a subject, not object
Perizzite[s]
Strongs:
Lexicon:
פְּרִזִּי
Hebrew:
הַ/פְּרִזִּ֔י
Transliteration:
pe.ri.Zi
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Gloss:
Perizzite
Morphhology:
Noun (Gentilic, Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
male members of a NAMED group
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Additional:
Perizzites @ Gen.13.7-Neh
Tyndale
Word:
פְּרִזִּי
Transliteration:
pe.riz.zi
Gloss:
Perizzite
Morphhology:
Proper Name Noun Gentilic Location
Definition:
Someone descended from Periz, first mentioned at Gen.13.7 § Perizzite = "belonging to a village" a people who inhabited southern Canaan prior to the conquest
Strongs
Word:
פְּרִזִּי
Transliteration:
Pᵉrizzîy
Pronounciation:
per-iz-zee'
Language:
Proper Name
Morphhology:
Adjective
Definition:
a Perizzite, one of the Canaanitish tribes; Perizzite.; for h6521 (פְּרָזִי); inhabitant of the open country
the
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ה
Hebrew:
הַ/חִוִּ֖י
Transliteration:
ha.
Context:
Next word
Morphhology:
Definite article (Hebrew)
Grammar:
an INDICATOR that this is important or it has been referred to
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ה
Transliteration:
ha
Gloss:
[the]
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix hé article: "the" for a subject, not object
Hivite[s]
Strongs:
Lexicon:
חִוִּי
Hebrew:
הַ/חִוִּ֖י
Transliteration:
chi.Vi
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Gloss:
Hivite
Morphhology:
Noun (Gentilic, Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
male members of a NAMED group
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Additional:
Hivites @ Gen.10.17-2Ch
Tyndale
Word:
חִוִּי
Transliteration:
chiv.vi
Gloss:
Hivite
Morphhology:
Proper Name Noun Gentilic Person
Definition:
Someone descended from Hiv of the Canaanites, first mentioned at Gen.10.17; descended from Canaan (h3667); along with Sidon (h6721), Heth (h2845), Jebusite (h2983), Amorite (h567), Girgashite (h1622), Arkite (h6208), Sinite (h5513), Arvadite (h721), Zemarite (h6786) and Hamathite (h2577) § Hivite = "villagers" 6th generation of descendants of Canaan, the son of Ham, who were living in northern Canaan near Mount Hermon at the time of the conquest
Strongs
Word:
חִוִּי
Transliteration:
Chivvîy
Pronounciation:
khiv-vee'
Language:
Proper Name
Morphhology:
Noun Masculine
Definition:
a Chivvite, one of the aboriginal tribes of Palestine; Hivite.; perhaps from h2333 (חַוָּה); a villager
and
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ו
Hebrew:
וְ/הַ/יְבוּסִֽי\׃\ \פ
Transliteration:
ve.
Context:
Next word
Morphhology:
Conjunction
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/וְ
Transliteration:
v
Gloss:
and
Morphhology:
Hebrew Conjunction
Definition:
Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (‘and/but’)
the
Strongs:
Lexicon:
ה
Hebrew:
וְ/הַ/יְבוּסִֽי\׃\ \פ
Transliteration:
ha
Context:
Continue previous word
Morphhology:
Definite article (Hebrew)
Grammar:
an INDICATOR that this is important or it has been referred to
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
/ה
Transliteration:
ha
Gloss:
[the]
Morphhology:
Prefix
Definition:
Prefix hé article: "the" for a subject, not object
Jebusite[s]
Strongs:
Lexicon:
יְבוּסִי
Hebrew:
וְ/הַ/יְבוּסִֽי\׃\ \פ
Transliteration:
y.vu.Si
Context:
Continue previous word (Hebrew root)
Gloss:
Jebusite
Morphhology:
Noun (Gentilic, Singular Masculine, Absolute)
Grammar:
male members of a NAMED group
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Additional:
Jebusites @ Gen.10.16-Zec
Tyndale
Word:
יְבוּסִי
Transliteration:
ye.vu.si
Gloss:
Jebusite
Morphhology:
Proper Name Noun Gentilic Location
Definition:
Someone descended from Jebus of the Canaanites, first mentioned at Gen.10.16; descended from Canaan (h3667); along with Sidon (h6721), Heth (h2845), Amorite (h567), Girgashite (h1622), Hivite (h2340), Arkite (h6208), Sinite (h5513), Arvadite (h721), Zemarite (h6786) and Hamathite (h2577) § Jebusite = "descendants of Jebus" descendants of the 3rd son of Canaan who lived in or around the site of Jebus, the early name for Jerusalem
Strongs > h2983
Word:
יְבוּסִי
Transliteration:
Yᵉbûwçîy
Pronounciation:
yeb-oo-see'
Language:
Proper Name
Morphhology:
Noun Masculine
Definition:
a Jebusite or inhabitant of Jebus; Jebusite(-s).; patrial from h2982 (יְבוּס)
[׃]
Strongs:
Lexicon:
[׃]
Hebrew:
וְ/הַ/יְבוּסִֽי\׃\ \פ
Context:
Punctuation
Gloss:
[fullstop]
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
:
Transliteration:
:
Morphhology:
Punctuation
Definition:
Punctuation Sof-Pasuq: ends a verse
[פ]
Strongs:
Lexicon:
[פ]
Hebrew:
וְ/הַ/יְבוּסִֽי\׃\ \פ
Context:
Punctuation
Gloss:
[chapter]
Source:
[Tag=L] Leningrad
Tyndale
Word:
פ
Transliteration:
P
Morphhology:
Punctuation
Definition:
Punctuation Pe paragraph: ends a literary section
