خرُوج 21
| وَهَذِهِ هِي الأَحْكَامُ الَّتِي تَضَعُهَا أَمَامَهُمْ: | ١ 1 |
“Now these are the ordinances which you shall set before them:
| إنِ اشْتَرَيْتَ عَبْداً عِبْرَانِيًّا فَلْيَخْدُمْكَ سِتَّ سَنَوَاتٍ، وَفِي السَّنَةِ السَّابِعَةِ تُطْلِقُهُ حُرّاً مَجَّاناً | ٢ 2 |
“If you buy a Hebrew servant, he shall serve six years, and in the seventh he shall go out free without paying anything.
| وَإذَا اشْتَرَيْتَهُ وَهُوَ أَعْزَبُ يُطْلَقُ وَحْدَهُ. وَإِنِ اشْتَرَيْتَهُ وَهُوَ بَعْلُ امْرَأَةٍ، تُطْلَقُ زَوْجَتُهُ مَعَهُ. | ٣ 3 |
If he comes in by himself, he shall go out by himself. If he is married, then his wife shall go out with him.
| وَإِنْ وَهَبَهُ مَوْلاهُ زَوْجَةً وَأَنْجَبَتْ لَهُ بَنِينَ وَبَنَاتٍ، فَإِنَّ زَوْجَتَهُ وَأَوْلادَهَا يَكُونُونَ مِلْكاً لِسَيِّدِهِ، وَهُوَ يُطْلَقُ وَحْدَهُ حُرّاً. | ٤ 4 |
If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the wife and her children shall be her master’s, and he shall go out by himself.
| لَكِنْ إِنْ قَالَ الْعَبْدُ: «أُحِبُّ مَوْلايَ وَزَوْجَتِي وَأَوْلادِي، وَلا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَخْرُجَ حُرّاً. | ٥ 5 |
But if the servant shall plainly say, ‘I love my master, my wife, and my children. I will not go out free;’
| يَأْخُذُهُ سَيِّدُهُ إِلَى قُضَاةِ الْمَدِينَةِ، ثُمَّ يُقِيمُهُ لِصْقَ الْبَابِ أَوْ قَائِمَتِهِ، وَيَثْقُبُ أُذُنَهُ بِمِخْرَزٍ، فَيُصْبِحُ خَادِماً لَهُ مَدَى الْحَيَاةِ. | ٦ 6 |
then his master shall bring him to God, and shall bring him to the door or to the doorpost, and his master shall bore his ear through with an awl, and he shall serve him forever.
| وَلَكِنْ إِذَا بَاعَ رَجُلٌ ابْنَتَهُ كَأَمَةٍ، فَإِنَّهَا لَا تُطْلَقُ حُرَّةً كَمَا يُطْلَقُ الْعَبْدُ. | ٧ 7 |
“If a man sells his daughter to be a female servant, she shall not go out as the male servants do.
| فَإِذَا لَمْ تَرُقْ لِمَوْلاهَا الَّذِي خَطَبَهَا لِنَفْسِهِ، يَسْمَحُ بِافْتِدَائِهَا، وَلا يَحِقُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَهَا لِقَوْمٍ أَجَانِبَ لأَنَّهُ غَدَرَ بِها فَلَمْ يَتَزَوَّجْهَا | ٨ 8 |
If she doesn’t please her master, who has married her to himself, then he shall let her be redeemed. He shall have no right to sell her to a foreign people, since he has dealt deceitfully with her.
| وَإِنْ خَطَبَهَا لاِبْنِهِ فَإِنَّهُ يُعَامِلُهَا كَابْنَةٍ لَهُ. | ٩ 9 |
If he marries her to his son, he shall deal with her as a daughter.
| أَمَّا إِذَا أَعْجَبَتْهُ وَتَزَوَّجَهَا، ثُمَّ عَادَ فَتَزَوَّجَ مِنْ أُخْرَى، فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُنَقِّصُ شَيْئاً مِنْ طَعَامِهَا وَكُسْوَتِهَا وَمُعَاشَرَتِهَا، | ١٠ 10 |
If he takes another wife to himself, he shall not diminish her food, her clothing, and her marital rights.
| فَإِذَا قَصَّرَ فِي وَاحِدٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الأَشْيَاءِ الثَّلاثَةِ، عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُطْلِقَهَا حُرَّةً مَجَّاناً. | ١١ 11 |
If he doesn’t do these three things for her, she may go free without paying any money.
| مَنْ ضَرَبَ إنْسَاناً وَقَتَلَهُ، فَالضَّارِبُ حَتْماً يَمُوتُ. | ١٢ 12 |
“One who strikes a man so that he dies shall surely be put to death,
| وَلَكِنْ إِنْ لَمْ يَتَعَمَّدِ الضَّارِبُ ذَلِكَ، بَلْ حَدَثَ الأَمْرُ بِقَضَاءِ اللهِ فَإِنِّي سَأُعَيِّنُ لَهُ مَكَاناً يَلْجَأُ إِلَيْهِ. | ١٣ 13 |
but not if it is unintentional, but God allows it to happen; then I will appoint you a place where he shall flee.
| وَلَكِنْ إِذَا تَآمَرَ أَحَدٌ عَلَى آخَرَ وَتَعَمَّدَ قَتْلَهُ، فَسُقْهُ لِلْمَوْتِ حَتَّى وَلَوِ احْتَمَى بِمَذْبَحِي | ١٤ 14 |
If a man schemes and comes presumptuously on his neighbour to kill him, you shall take him from my altar, that he may die.
| كُلُّ مَنْ يَضْرِبْ أَبَاهُ أَوْ أُمَّهُ، يُقْتَلْ. | ١٥ 15 |
“Anyone who attacks his father or his mother shall be surely put to death.
| مَنْ يَخْطِفْ إِنْسَاناً وَيَبِعْهُ أَوْ يَسْتَرِقَّهُ عِنْدَهُ حَتْماً يَمُتْ. | ١٦ 16 |
“Anyone who kidnaps someone and sells him, or if he is found in his hand, he shall surely be put to death.
| مَنْ يَشْتِمْ أَبَاهُ أَوْ أُمَّهُ يُقْتَلْ. | ١٧ 17 |
“Anyone who curses his father or his mother shall surely be put to death.
| إِذَا تَعَارَكَ رَجُلانِ فَضَرَبَ أَحَدُهُمَا الآخَرَ بِحَجَرٍ أَوْ لَكَمَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يُمِيتَهُ بَلْ أَلْزَمَهُ الْفِرَاشَ، | ١٨ 18 |
“If men quarrel and one strikes the other with a stone, or with his fist, and he doesn’t die, but is confined to bed;
| ثُمَّ قَامَ مُتَمَشِّياً مُتَوَكِّئاً عَلَى عُكَّازِهِ، يُبَرَّأُ الضَّارِبُ، إلّا أَنَّ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ لِلْمَضْرُوبِ تَعْوِيضاً عَنْ مُدَّةِ تَعَطُّلِهِ، وَيَتَحَمَّلَ نَفَقَاتِ عِلاجِهِ. | ١٩ 19 |
if he rises again and walks around with his staff, then he who struck him shall be cleared; only he shall pay for the loss of his time, and shall provide for his healing until he is thoroughly healed.
| إنْ ضَرَبَ أَحَدٌ عَبْدَهُ أَوْ أَمَتَهُ بِالْعَصَا ضَرْباً أَفْضَى إِلَى الْمَوْتِ، يُعَاقَبُ. | ٢٠ 20 |
“If a man strikes his servant or his maid with a rod, and he dies under his hand, the man shall surely be punished.
| لَكِنْ إِنْ بَقِيَ حَيًّا يَوْماً أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ، لَا يُعَاقَبُ الضَّارِبُ، لأَنَّ العَبْدَ مِلْكُهُ. | ٢١ 21 |
Notwithstanding, if his servant gets up after a day or two, he shall not be punished, for the servant is his property.
| إِنْ تَضَارَبَ رِجَالٌ وَصَدَمُوا امْرَأَةً حَامِلاً فَأَجْهَضَتْ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ تَتَأَذَّى، يَدْفَعُ الصَّادِمُ غَرَامَةً بِمُقْتَضَى مَا يُطَالِبُ بِهِ الزَّوْجُ وَوَفْقاً لِقَرَارِ الْقُضَاةِ. | ٢٢ 22 |
“If men fight and hurt a pregnant woman so that she gives birth prematurely, and yet no harm follows, he shall be surely fined as much as the woman’s husband demands and the judges allow.
| أَمَّا إِذَا تَأَذَّتِ الْمَرْأَةُ، تَأْخُذُ نَفْساً بِنَفْسٍ، | ٢٣ 23 |
But if any harm follows, then you must take life for life,
| وَعَيْناً بِعَيْنٍ، وَسِنّاً بِسِنٍّ، وَيَداً بِيَدٍ، وَرِجْلاً بِرِجْلٍ، | ٢٤ 24 |
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,
| وَكَيًّا بِكَيٍّ، وَجُرْحاً بِجُرْحٍ، وَرَضّاً بِرَضٍّ. | ٢٥ 25 |
burning for burning, wound for wound, and bruise for bruise.
| وَإذَا ضَرَبَ أَحَدٌ عَبْدَهُ أَوْ أَمَتَهُ، فَأَتْلَفَ عَيْنَهُ، فَإِنَّهُ يُطْلِقُهُ حُرّاً تَعْوِيضاً لَهُ عَنْ عَيْنِهِ | ٢٦ 26 |
“If a man strikes his servant’s eye, or his maid’s eye, and destroys it, he shall let him go free for his eye’s sake.
| وَإذَا ضَرَبَ أَحَدٌ عَبْدَهُ أَوْ أَمَتَهُ، فَأَسْقَطَ سِنَّهُ، فَإِنَّهُ يُطْلِقُهُ حُرّاً تَعْوِيضاً عَنْ سِنِّهِ. | ٢٧ 27 |
If he strikes out his male servant’s tooth, or his female servant’s tooth, he shall let the servant go free for his tooth’s sake.
| إِذَا نَطَحَ ثَوْرٌ رَجُلاً أَوِ امْرَأَةً فَمَاتَ، يُرْجَمُ الثَّوْرُ حَتَّى الْمَوْتِ وَلا تَأْكُلُونَ لَحْمَهُ، وَيَكُونُ صَاحِبُ الثَّوْرِ بَرِيئاً. | ٢٨ 28 |
“If a bull gores a man or a woman to death, the bull shall surely be stoned, and its meat shall not be eaten; but the owner of the bull shall not be held responsible.
| أَمَّا إِنْ كَانَ الثَّوْرُ نَطَّاحاً مِنْ قَبْلُ، وَسَبَقَ إِنْذَارُ صَاحِبِهِ، فَلَمْ يَكْبَحْهُ، فَقَتَلَ رَجُلاً أَوِ امْرَأَةً، يُرْجَمُ الثَّوْرُ، وَيُقْتَلُ صَاحِبُهُ. | ٢٩ 29 |
But if the bull had a habit of goring in the past, and this has been testified to its owner, and he has not kept it in, but it has killed a man or a woman, the bull shall be stoned, and its owner shall also be put to death.
| إلّا إِذَا طُولِبَ بِدَفْعِ الدِّيَّةِ، فَيَدْفَعُ آنَئِذٍ فِدَاءَ نَفْسِهِ مَا هُوَ مَتَوَجِّبٌ عَلَيْهِ. | ٣٠ 30 |
If a ransom is imposed on him, then he shall give for the redemption of his life whatever is imposed.
| وَإذَا نَطَحَ ابْناً أَوِ ابْنَةً، يُنَفَّذُ فِيهِ هَذَا الْحُكْمُ. | ٣١ 31 |
Whether it has gored a son or has gored a daughter, according to this judgement it shall be done to him.
| وَإذَا نَطَحَ الثَّوْرُ عَبْداً أَوْ أَمَةً، فَإِنَّ صَاحِبَهُ يَدْفَعُ ثَلاثِينَ قِطْعَةَ فِضَّةٍ تَعْوِيضاً لِمَوْلاهُ، وَيُرْجَمُ الثَّوْرُ. | ٣٢ 32 |
If the bull gores a male servant or a female servant, thirty shekels of silver shall be given to their master, and the ox shall be stoned.
| إنْ كَشَفَ إِنْسَانٌ غِطَاءَ بِئْرِهِ، أَوْ حَفَرَ بِئْراً وَتَرَكَهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ غِطَاءٍ، فَوَقَعَ فِيهَا ثَوْرٌ أَوْ حِمَارٌ، | ٣٣ 33 |
“If a man opens a pit, or if a man digs a pit and doesn’t cover it, and a bull or a donkey falls into it,
| يَقُومُ صَاحِبُ الْبِئْرِ بِدَفْعِ تَعْوِيضٍ عَنِ الْخَسَارَةِ تُضَاهِي ثَمَنَهُ، وَيَكُونُ الْمَيْتُ لَهُ. | ٣٤ 34 |
the owner of the pit shall make it good. He shall give money to its owner, and the dead animal shall be his.
| وَإذَا نَطَحَ ثَوْرُ إِنْسَانٍ ثَوْرَ صَاحِبٍ لَهُ فَمَاتَ الثَّوْرُ، فَإِنَّهُمَا يَبِيعَانِ الثَّوْرَ الْحَيَّ وَيَقْتَسِمَانِ ثَمَنَهُ، وَكَذَلِكَ يَقْتَسِمَانِ الثَّوْرَ الْمَيْتَ. | ٣٥ 35 |
“If one man’s bull injures another’s, so that it dies, then they shall sell the live bull, and divide its price; and they shall also divide the dead animal.
| وَأَمَّا إِذَا كَانَ مَعْرُوفاً مِنْ قَبْلُ، أَنَّ الثَّوْرَ نَطَّاحٌ وَلَمْ يَكْبَحْهُ صَاحِبُهُ، فَإِنَّهُ يُعَوِّضُ ثَوْراً بِثَوْرٍ، وَيَكُونُ الثَّوْرُ الْمَيْتُ لَهُ. | ٣٦ 36 |
Or if it is known that the bull was in the habit of goring in the past, and its owner has not kept it in, he shall surely pay bull for bull, and the dead animal shall be his own.
