Genesis 10
1 (This is/I will now give) a list of the descendants of Noah’s sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth. They had many children after the flood.
| וְאֵלֶּה תּוֹלְדֹת בְּנֵי־נֹחַ שֵׁם חָם וָיָפֶת וַיִּוָּלְדוּ לָהֶם בָּנִים אַחַר הַמַּבּֽוּל׃ |
2 The sons of Japheth were Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.
| בְּנֵי יֶפֶת גֹּמֶר וּמָגוֹג וּמָדַי וְיָוָן וְתֻבָל וּמֶשֶׁךְ וְתִירָֽס׃ |
3 The sons of Gomer were Askenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah.
| וּבְנֵי גֹּמֶר אַשְׁכְּנַז וְרִיפַת וְתֹגַרְמָֽה׃ |
4 The sons of Javan were Elishah, Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim.
| וּבְנֵי יָוָן אֱלִישָׁה וְתַרְשִׁישׁ כִּתִּים וְדֹדָנִֽים׃ |
5 Those sons and their families who were descended from Javan lived on the islands and on the land close to the [Mediterranean] Sea. Their descendants became tribes, each with its own language and clans and territory.
| מֵאֵלֶּה נִפְרְדוּ אִיֵּי הַגּוֹיִם בְּאַרְצֹתָם אִישׁ לִלְשֹׁנוֹ לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָם בְּגוֹיֵהֶֽם׃ |
6 The descendants of Ham were Cush, Egypt, Put, and Canaan.
| וּבְנֵי חָם כּוּשׁ וּמִצְרַיִם וּפוּט וּכְנָֽעַן׃ |
7 The descendants of Cush were Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah, and Sabteca. The descendants of Raamah were Sheba and Dedan.
| וּבְנֵי כוּשׁ סְבָא וַֽחֲוִילָה וְסַבְתָּה וְרַעְמָה וְסַבְתְּכָא וּבְנֵי רַעְמָה שְׁבָא וּדְדָֽן׃ |
8 Another one of Cush’s descendants was Nimrod. Nimrod was the first person on earth who became a mighty warrior.
| וְכוּשׁ יָלַד אֶת־נִמְרֹד הוּא הֵחֵל לִֽהְיוֹת גִּבֹּר בָּאָֽרֶץ׃ |
9 Yahweh saw that he had become (OR, caused him to become) a great hunter. That is why people say to a great hunter, “Yahweh (sees that you are/has caused you to be) a great hunter like Nimrod.”
| הֽוּא־הָיָה גִבֹּֽר־צַיִד לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָה עַל־כֵּן יֵֽאָמַר כְּנִמְרֹד גִּבּוֹר צַיִד לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָֽה׃ |
10 Nimrod became a king who ruled in Babylonia. The first cities over which he ruled were Babel, Erech, Accad, and Calneh.
| וַתְּהִי רֵאשִׁית מַמְלַכְתּוֹ בָּבֶל וְאֶרֶךְ וְאַכַּד וְכַלְנֵה בְּאֶרֶץ שִׁנְעָֽר׃ |
11 From there he went [with others] to Assyria and built the cities of Nineveh, Rehoboth-Ir, Calah,
| מִן־הָאָרֶץ הַהִוא יָצָא אַשּׁוּר וַיִּבֶן אֶת־נִינְוֵה וְאֶת־רְחֹבֹת עִיר וְאֶת־כָּֽלַח׃ |
12 and Resen. Resen was a large city between Nineveh and Calah.
| וְֽאֶת־רֶסֶן בֵּין נִֽינְוֵה וּבֵין כָּלַח הִוא הָעִיר הַגְּדֹלָֽה׃ |
13 Ham’s son, Egypt, became the ancestor of the Lud, Anam, Lehab and Naphtuh,
| וּמִצְרַיִם יָלַד אֶת־לוּדִים וְאֶת־עֲנָמִים וְאֶת־לְהָבִים וְאֶת־נַפְתֻּחִֽים׃ |
14 Pathrus, Casluh and Caphtor people-groups. The Philistine people were descended from Casluh.
| וְֽאֶת־פַּתְרֻסִים וְאֶת־כַּסְלֻחִים אֲשֶׁר יָצְאוּ מִשָּׁם פְּלִשְׁתִּים וְאֶת־כַּפְתֹּרִֽים׃ |
15 Ham’s youngest son, Canaan, became the father of Sidon, who was his eldest son, and Heth, his younger son.
| וּכְנַעַן יָלַד אֶת־צִידֹן בְּכֹרוֹ וְאֶת־חֵֽת׃ |
16 Canaan was also the ancestor of the Jebus, Amor, Girgash,
| וְאֶת־הַיְבוּסִי וְאֶת־הָאֱמֹרִי וְאֵת הַגִּרְגָּשִֽׁי׃ |
17 Hiv, Ark, Sin,
| וְאֶת־הַֽחִוִּי וְאֶת־הַֽעַרְקִי וְאֶת־הַסִּינִֽי׃ |
18 Arved, Zemar and Hamath people-groups. Later the descendants of Canaan dispersed over a large area.
| וְאֶת־הָֽאַרְוָדִי וְאֶת־הַצְּמָרִי וְאֶת־הַֽחֲמָתִי וְאַחַר נָפֹצוּ מִשְׁפְּחוֹת הַֽכְּנַעֲנִֽי׃ |
19 Their land extended from Sidon [city] in the north as far south as Gaza [town], and then to the east as far as Gerar [town], and then farther east to Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim [towns], and even as far as Lasha [town].
| וַיְהִי גְּבוּל הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי מִצִּידֹן בֹּאֲכָה גְרָרָה עַד־עַזָּה בֹּאֲכָה סְדֹמָה וַעֲמֹרָה וְאַדְמָה וּצְבֹיִם עַד־לָֽשַׁע׃ |
20 Those are the descendants of Ham. They became groups that had their own clans, their own languages, and their own land.
| אֵלֶּה בְנֵי־חָם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָם לִלְשֹֽׁנֹתָם בְּאַרְצֹתָם בְּגוֹיֵהֶֽם׃ |
21 Shem, the older brother of Japheth, became the father of Eber, and the ancestor of all the descendants of Eber.
| וּלְשֵׁם יֻלַּד גַּם־הוּא אֲבִי כׇּל־בְּנֵי־עֵבֶר אֲחִי יֶפֶת הַגָּדֽוֹל׃ |
22 The sons of Shem were Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram.
| בְּנֵי שֵׁם עֵילָם וְאַשּׁוּר וְאַרְפַּכְשַׁד וְלוּד וַֽאֲרָֽם׃ |
23 The sons of Aram were Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash.
| וּבְנֵי אֲרָם עוּץ וְחוּל וְגֶתֶר וָמַֽשׁ׃ |
24 Arphaxad became the father of Shelah. Shelah became the father of Eber.
| וְאַרְפַּכְשַׁד יָלַד אֶת־שָׁלַח וְשֶׁלַח יָלַד אֶת־עֵֽבֶר׃ |
25 Eber became the father of two sons. One of them was named Peleg, [which means ‘division’], because during the time he lived, people on [MTY] the earth became divided and scattered everywhere. Peleg’s younger brother was Joktan.
| וּלְעֵבֶר יֻלַּד שְׁנֵי בָנִים שֵׁם הָֽאֶחָד פֶּלֶג כִּי בְיָמָיו נִפְלְגָה הָאָרֶץ וְשֵׁם אָחִיו יׇקְטָֽן׃ |
26 Joktan became the ancestor of Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah,
| וְיׇקְטָן יָלַד אֶת־אַלְמוֹדָד וְאֶת־שָׁלֶף וְאֶת־חֲצַרְמָוֶת וְאֶת־יָֽרַח׃ |
27 Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah,
| וְאֶת־הֲדוֹרָם וְאֶת־אוּזָל וְאֶת־דִּקְלָֽה׃ |
28 Obal, Abimael, Sheba,
| וְאֶת־עוֹבָל וְאֶת־אֲבִֽימָאֵל וְאֶת־שְׁבָֽא׃ |
29 Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All those people were descended from Joktan.
| וְאֶת־אוֹפִר וְאֶת־חֲוִילָה וְאֶת־יוֹבָב כׇּל־אֵלֶּה בְּנֵי יׇקְטָֽן׃ |
30 The areas in which they lived extended from Mesha westward to Sephar, which is in the (hill country/area that has a lot of hills).
| וַיְהִי מוֹשָׁבָם מִמֵּשָׁא בֹּאֲכָה סְפָרָה הַר הַקֶּֽדֶם׃ |
31 They are descendants of Shem. They became groups that had their own clans, their own languages, and their own land.
| אֵלֶּה בְנֵי־שֵׁם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָם לִלְשֹׁנֹתָם בְּאַרְצֹתָם לְגוֹיֵהֶֽם׃ |
32 All those groups descended from the sons of Noah. Each group had its own (genealogy/record of people’s ancestors) and each became a separate ethnic group. Those ethnic groups formed after the flood and spread all around the earth.
| אֵלֶּה מִשְׁפְּחֹת בְּנֵי־נֹחַ לְתוֹלְדֹתָם בְּגוֹיֵהֶם וּמֵאֵלֶּה נִפְרְדוּ הַגּוֹיִם בָּאָרֶץ אַחַר הַמַּבּֽוּל׃ |
